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Humanités SAT - Politique et législature

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la politique et à la législature, tels que « traité », « confédération », « sommet », etc. dont vous aurez besoin pour réussir vos SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
policy
[nom]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

politique

politique

Ex: The school district adopted a zero-tolerance policy for bullying.

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

référendum

référendum

treaty
[nom]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

traité

traité

Ex: The treaty allowed for the transfer of criminals between the two countries to face justice .

a formal change, addition, or alteration made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document

modification, ammendement

modification, ammendement

Ex: The teacher made amendment to the syllabus to include an extra assignment .

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

constitution

constitution

Ex: constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .
tenure
[nom]

a period or condition of holding a position

durée, mandat

durée, mandat

Ex: Many young professionals aspire to tenure due to the job security and benefits it offers .

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

inauguration

inauguration

Ex: inauguration festivities included parades , concerts , and fireworks to celebrate the new administration .
reign
[nom]

the period that a monarch rules

règne

règne

Ex: The reign of the king saw significant advancements in arts and science throughout the kingdom .
chamber
[nom]

a formal meeting place where discussions or decisions take place, particularly within a administrative or judicial context

chambre, assemblée

chambre, assemblée

Ex: During the summit , leaders from across the region gathered in the chamber to discuss regional security issues .

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

congrès

congrès

a group of people or political organization united by a common cause

confédération

confédération

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

Premier ministre, Ministre-président

Premier ministre, Ministre-président

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament.

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

Démocrate

Démocrate

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.
liberal
[nom]

a person who advocates for progressive reforms, often in politics, economics, or social policies

un libéral, une libérale

un libéral, une libérale

Ex: She identified as a liberal and actively campaigned for environmental protections and social justice initiatives.

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

républicain, républicaine

républicain, républicaine

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

conservateur, conservatrice

conservateur, conservatrice

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.

a member of a political party that advocates a system aiming for a classless society where resources are owned collectively and distributed based on need

communiste, membre du parti communiste

communiste, membre du parti communiste

Ex: communist's speeches often emphasized solidarity among workers and the need for international cooperation against imperialism .
turnout
[nom]

the percentage or number of eligible voters who actually cast their vote

taux de participation, participation électorale

taux de participation, participation électorale

Ex: Efforts to increase voter turnout included extending polling hours and providing transportation.

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

démocratie

démocratie

Ex: In democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .
colony
[nom]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

colonie

colonie

realm
[nom]

a territory or area of land governed by a monarch or sovereign ruler

domaine

domaine

Ex: The king 's coronation ceremony marked his ascension to the throne and his commitment to govern realm justly and wisely .
party
[nom]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

parti

parti

Ex: In celebration of their electoral victory , party hosted a gala event to thank volunteers and donors for their contributions .
pact
[nom]

a formal agreement between parties, particularly to help one another

pacte

pacte

Ex: The treaty served as a pact, fostering peace and cooperation between the formerly rival nations .

the act of presenting something, such as an idea or suggestion to be considered

proposition

proposition

summit
[nom]

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

sommet

sommet

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propagande

propagande

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to propaganda quickly and widely .
statute
[nom]

an officially written and established law

loi

loi

Ex: Under statute, the company must provide annual safety training for employees .

the process of officially selecting a candidate for either an election or bestowing an honnor

proposition

proposition

the formal act of breaking away from a larger political entity or organization

sécession, démission

sécession, démission

Ex: secession of Singapore from Malaysia in 1965 marked a significant event in Southeast Asian history .

a political association or entity in which states or countries cooperate and share certain common objectives or interests while retaining their individual independence

communauté, union

communauté, union

Ex: The concept of commonwealth allows diverse nations to collaborate on global issues while preserving their unique identities and governing structures .

a territory or state ruled by a prince, often smaller than a kingdom but with a degree of political independence

principauté, principe

principauté, principe

Ex: principality of Sealand , though unconventional , claims to be a sovereign state despite its small size and unique location .

a written public declaration of intentions, opinions, and objectives, often issued by a political party, a government, or a group of individuals with a shared interest or purpose

manifeste, déclaration publique

manifeste, déclaration publique

Ex: The student union published manifesto to advocate for better educational resources .
mandate
[nom]

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

mandat

mandat

Ex: The council received mandate from its members to negotiate better working conditions with the management .

the process of assigning authority, responsibility, or tasks from a higher authority to a lower-ranking individual or entity to carry out specific duties or functions on their behalf

délégation, mandat

délégation, mandat

Ex: delegation of public health responsibilities to county health departments facilitates local responses to health crises .

the place where someone or a group of people come from and feel a strong connection to

patrie, domaine d'origine

patrie, domaine d'origine

Ex: He fought for the protection of homeland, valuing its history and traditions .
embargo
[nom]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

embargo

embargo

an extreme allegiance to a particular political party or ideology

hyperpartisanship, hyperpartisme

hyperpartisanship, hyperpartisme

Ex: Some scholars argue that hyperpartisanship is undermining democratic processes.

agreement and collaboration between two major political parties that typically oppose each other's policies

bipartisme, collaboration bipartisan

bipartisme, collaboration bipartisan

Ex: The mayor's initiative to improve public education received bipartisan support, uniting local politicians from different parties.
municipal
[Adjectif]

involving or belonging to the government of a city, town, etc.

municipal

municipal

Ex: Municipal utilities ensure reliable access to essential services such as water and electricity for residents .
electoral
[Adjectif]

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

électoral

électoral

Ex: electoral turnout in the last election was higher than expected , indicating increased civic engagement .
self-governing
[Adjectif]

(of a territory, organization, etc.) making decisions regarding one's internal affairs without external interference

autonome, auto-administré

autonome, auto-administré

Ex: The Nunavut territory in Canada is self-governing region that represents the Inuit people 's interests and cultural identity .
transnational
[Adjectif]

operating or involving activities across multiple countries or nations

transnational, transnationale

transnational, transnationale

Ex: The conference discussed strategies for transnational partnerships in the field of healthcare .
geopolitical
[Adjectif]

related to the influence and interactions of geographical factors on political decisions, relationships, and strategies among nations

géo-politique, géo-stratégique

géo-politique, géo-stratégique

Ex: geopolitical importance of maritime trade routes has sparked competition among naval powers .
federal
[Adjectif]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

fédéral

fédéral

Ex: federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .
interstate
[Adjectif]

involving or relating to the interactions or relationships between states within a country or federation

interétatique, entre-étatique

interétatique, entre-étatique

Ex: The interstate treaty established rules and agreements governing trade and cooperation among neighboring states.
authoritarian
[Adjectif]

(of a person or system) enforcing strict obedience to authority at the expense of individual freedom

autoritaire

autoritaire

Ex: Authoritarian government frequently disregard human rights and civil liberties in the name of stability .
consular
[Adjectif]

associated with matters or activities of a consulate or consul, particularly the representation and protection of a country's citizens and interests in a foreign city or region

consulaire, diplomatique

consulaire, diplomatique

Ex: consular staff organized cultural events to promote understanding and cooperation between nations .
precolonial
[Adjectif]

relating to the period in a region's history before it was colonized by foreign powers

précolonial, précédant la colonisation

précolonial, précédant la colonisation

Ex: Precolonial Australia was home to numerous Aboriginal groups, each with distinct languages, customs, and territories.
to pass
[verbe]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

faire passer, adopter

faire passer, adopter

Ex: The United Nations Security Council passed a resolution asking the two countries to resume peace negotiations .
Humanités SAT
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