SAT Humanities - Politics and Legislature

Here you will learn some English words related to politics and legislature, such as "treaty", "confederacy", "summit", etc. that you will need to ace your SATs.

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SAT Humanities
policy [noun]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

Ex: The university enacted a diversity and inclusion policy to promote equity among students and faculty .

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

treaty [noun]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

Ex: The environmental treaty aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect biodiversity .

a formal change, addition, or alteration made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document

Ex: The company 's board of directors approved an amendment to the employee benefits package .

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

Ex: The Indian constitution is one of the longest and most detailed in the world , outlining the structure of government and the rights of its people .
tenure [noun]

a period or condition of holding a position

Ex: The artist 's tenure at the gallery allowed her to showcase her work consistently over several years .

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

Ex: The inauguration marks the beginning of a new era , with promises of change and progress .
reign [noun]

the length of time during which a king, queen, or other monarch rules

Ex: During his reign , the empire expanded significantly .
chamber [noun]

a formal meeting place where discussions or decisions take place, particularly within a administrative or judicial context

Ex: Members of the international trade chamber gathered to discuss tariffs and trade policies .
Congress [noun]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

Ex:

a group of people or political organization united by a common cause

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

Ex:
democrat [noun]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

Ex:
liberal [noun]

a person who advocates for progressive reforms, often in politics, economics, or social policies

Ex: The organization was founded by liberals who championed human rights and gender equality worldwide .

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

Ex:

a member of a political party that advocates a system aiming for a classless society where resources are owned collectively and distributed based on need

Ex: The communist was known for his unwavering dedication to social equality and workers ' rights .
turnout [noun]

the percentage or number of eligible voters who actually cast their vote

Ex: The campaign focused on boosting turnout among young voters .

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

Ex: One of the pillars of a democracy is the right to vote .
colony [noun]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

realm [noun]

a territory or area of land governed by a monarch or sovereign ruler

Ex: The fantasy novel is set in a mythical realm ruled by magical creatures and powerful wizards .
party [noun]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

Ex: After winning a majority in the legislature , the party introduced sweeping reforms to address pressing societal issues .
pact [noun]

a formal agreement between parties, particularly to help one another

Ex: The companies formed a strategic pact to share resources and expand their market reach .

the act of presenting an idea, suggestion, or proposal for consideration

Ex: They made a proposition to update the company policies .
summit [noun]

a formal meeting of leaders, especially heads of government

Ex: She prepared extensively for the international summit .

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

Ex: The documentary exposed how propaganda was used to manipulate public opinion .
statute [noun]

an officially written and established law

Ex: He challenged the statute in court , arguing that it was unconstitutional .

the process of officially selecting a candidate for either an election or bestowing an honnor

the formal act of breaking away from a larger political entity or organization

Ex: The unilateral declaration of secession by Kosovo from Serbia remains a contentious issue in international relations .

a politically organized body of people under a single government, typically emphasizing the common good

Ex: The reform aimed to strengthen the commonwealth .

a territory or state ruled by a prince, often smaller than a kingdom but with a degree of political independence

Ex: The principality of Andorra is known for its scenic beauty and ski resorts .

a written public declaration of intentions, opinions, and objectives, often issued by a political party, a government, or a group of individuals with a shared interest or purpose

Ex: The group 's manifesto called for significant changes in environmental policies .
mandate [noun]

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

Ex: The referendum resulted in a clear mandate for independence , prompting negotiations with the central government .

the process of assigning authority, responsibility, or tasks from a higher authority to a lower-ranking individual or entity to carry out specific duties or functions on their behalf

Ex: Delegation of legislative authority allows elected representatives to draft and pass laws on behalf of the people .
homeland [noun]

the place where someone or a group of people come from and feel a strong connection to

Ex: The national holiday celebrates the pride and culture of their homeland .
embargo [noun]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

an extreme allegiance to a particular political party or ideology

Ex: Efforts to address climate change are often hindered by hyperpartisanship .

agreement and collaboration between two major political parties that typically oppose each other's policies

Ex: Bipartisanship is crucial in creating sustainable policies that have broad support and long-term impact .
municipal [adjective]

involving or belonging to the government of a city, town, etc.

Ex: The municipal library offers a wide range of resources and services to the local community .
electoral [adjective]

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

Ex: Electoral reforms aim to improve the fairness and transparency of the voting process .
self-governing [adjective]

(of a territory, organization, etc.) making decisions regarding one's internal affairs without external interference

Ex: The self-governing island nation of Palau in the Pacific Ocean exercises sovereignty over its internal affairs , including economic policy and environmental conservation .
transnational [adjective]

operating or involving activities across multiple countries or nations

Ex: The organization promotes transnational cooperation on environmental conservation efforts .
geopolitical [adjective]

related to the influence and interactions of geographical factors on political decisions, relationships, and strategies among nations

Ex: His analysis of the situation takes into account the geopolitical interests of major world powers .
federal [adjective]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

Ex: The country 's federal structure divides powers between the national government and its states or provinces .
interstate [adjective]

involving or relating to the interactions or relationships between states within a country or federation

Ex: The interstate bus service provides transportation between cities in neighboring states .
authoritarian [adjective]

(of a person or system) enforcing strict obedience to authority at the expense of individual freedom

Ex: Authoritarian leaders often rely on censorship and propaganda to maintain power .
consular [adjective]

associated with matters or activities of a consulate or consul, particularly the representation and protection of a country's citizens and interests in a foreign city or region

Ex: The consular section handled a record number of passport applications ahead of the holiday season .
precolonial [adjective]

relating to the period in a region's history before it was colonized by foreign powers

Ex: The precolonial history of the Philippines includes a rich tapestry of trade , culture , and political organization .
to pass [verb]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

Ex: The first Transport Act was passed in 1907 .