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Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le TOEFL - Économie

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur l'économie, tels que "crédit", "dû", "rendement", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
to finance
to finance
[verbe]

to provide funds or an amount of money

financer

financer

Ex: Investors often finance startups to support their growth and development. 
capital
capital
[nom]

assets used to generate more assets, especially in business or production

capital

capital

Ex: They raised capital to expand operations. 
credit
credit
[nom]

the ability to obtain goods, services, or funds based on trust, allowing payment to be deferred

crédit

crédit

Ex: The store extended credit to loyal customers. 
debit
debit
[nom]

an entry indicating an increase in assets or an expense, and a decrease in debts or income

débit

débit

Ex: A debit was made to the company's expense account. 

Un débit a été effectué sur le compte de dépenses de l'entreprise.

expense
expense
[nom]

the amount of money spent to do or have something

dépense

dépense

Ex: Unexpected car repairs can often be a significant expense for many people. 
due
due
[Adjectif]

(of a payment, debt, etc.) scheduled or required to be paid immediately or at a specific time

à échéance, payable, à rendre

à échéance, payable, à rendre

Ex: His loan payment is due by the end of the week. 

Son paiement de prêt est dû d'ici la fin de la semaine.

yield
yield
[nom]

an amount of profit gained from an investment or business

rendement actuel

rendement actuel

Ex: The company's new product line contributed to a significant increase in its overall yield for the quarter. 
bank statement

a document given by a bank to an account holder, providing a summary of all financial transactions within a specified period

relevé de compte, relevé bancaire

relevé de compte, relevé bancaire

Ex: The bank statement showed unauthorized transactions, prompting the account holder to report fraud to the bank. 

Le relevé bancaire a montré des transactions non autorisées, incitant le titulaire du compte à signaler une fraude à la banque.

benefit
benefit
[nom]

the occasions or events like concert or performance that are arranged with the aim of generating funds for those who are in need

dîner de charité, soirée caritative

dîner de charité, soirée caritative

Ex: Several musicians performed at a benefit for flood victims. 
to climb
to climb
[verbe]

to increase in terms of amount, value, intensity, etc.

monter, s’élever

monter, s’élever

Ex: As the economy improved, employment rates started to climb. 
to crash
to crash
[verbe]

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

s'effondrer

s'effondrer

Ex: The tech industry's bubble burst, causing many companies' shares to crash. 
collapse

a sudden decrease in something's value, such as a price or stock

effondrement, krach

effondrement, krach

Ex: The collapse of the tech bubble in the early 2000s caused massive losses in the stock market. 
debt relief

the act of remitting a person or organization's debts

allégement de la dette

allégement de la dette

income
income
[nom]

the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

revenu

revenu

Ex: They decided to invest in rental properties to generate a steady stream of passive income. 
revenue
revenue
[nom]

the total income generated from business activities or other sources

revenus

revenus

Ex: Ticket sales are a major source of revenue for the theater. 
fortune
fortune
[nom]

a very large sum of money

fortune

fortune

Ex: The entrepreneur made a fortune from his successful tech startup. 
fee
fee
[nom]

the money that is paid to a professional or an organization for their services

redevance

redevance

Ex: We had to pay a small fee to access the online course. 
to deposit
to deposit
[verbe]

to put an amount of money or other item of value into a bank account

verser, déposer

verser, déposer

Ex: The company deposits its daily cash earnings into its business checking account. 
to withdraw

to take money out of an account, fund, or financial institution

retirer

retirer

Ex: He withdrew $100 from his savings account to pay for the concert tickets. 
to freeze
to freeze
[verbe]

to officially prevent money, property, or financial assets from being used, transferred, or sold

immobiliser

immobiliser

Ex: The government ordered banks to freeze the suspect's assets. 
to overdraw

to withdraw more money from a bank account than is available

mettre à découvert, tirer à découvert

mettre à découvert, tirer à découvert

Ex: If you overdraw your account, the bank may charge you an overdraft fee. 

Si vous découvrez votre compte, la banque peut vous facturer des frais de découvert.

donation

money, goods, or other things voluntarily given to help a person, organization, or cause

don

don

Ex: The food bank received a large donation of canned goods. 
budget
budget
[nom]

a specific amount of money set aside for a particular use

budget

budget

Ex: She saved part of her budget for emergencies. 
asset
asset
[nom]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

atout

atout

Ex: Human capital, such as knowledge, skills, and expertise, is an important asset for organizations seeking competitive advantage. 
broke
broke
[Adjectif]

having little or no financial resources

fauché, presque sans argent

fauché, presque sans argent

Ex: She's broke after buying that expensive laptop. 

Elle est fauchée après avoir acheté cet ordinateur portable cher.

bankruptcy

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

faillite

faillite

Ex: She filed for bankruptcy to manage her overwhelming debt. 
fair trade

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

commerce équitable

commerce équitable

to transfer

to move someone or something from one place, position, or system to another

transférer

transférer

Ex: The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit. 
trading
trading
[nom]

the buying and selling of securities or commodities

commerce

commerce

Ex: She started trading commodities like oil and wheat after graduating. 
economy
economy
[nom]

the system in which money, goods, and services are produced or distributed within a country or region

économie

économie

Ex: High inflation rates can negatively impact an economy by reducing purchasing power and increasing costs. 
supply and demand

the relationship between the availability of a commodity and the desire for it, which determines market prices

l'offre et la demande

l'offre et la demande

Ex: Supply and demand theory explains why housing costs rose sharply last year. 
stock market

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

bourse, marché boursier

bourse, marché boursier

Ex: She decided to invest in the stock market to diversify her financial assets and potentially grow her wealth. 

Elle a décidé d'investir dans le marché boursier pour diversifier ses actifs financiers et potentiellement augmenter sa richesse.

share
share
[nom]

any of the equal portions of a company's stock that is available for public to buy and gain benefit

action, part

action, part

Ex: Each share in the company gives you one vote at the annual meeting. 
recession

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

récession

récession

Ex: The government implemented measures to stimulate the economy and help mitigate the effects of the recession. 
invoice
invoice
[nom]

a list of goods or services received and their total cost

facture

facture

Ex: She processed the invoice for payment, ensuring that all details were accurate. 

Elle a traité la facture pour paiement, en veillant à ce que tous les détails soient exacts.

fundraising

the process or provision of financial aid for something such as a charity or cause, usually through holding special events

collecte de fonds

collecte de fonds

Ex: The school's fundraising campaign successfully collected enough donations to build a new playground. 

La campagne de collecte de fonds de l'école a réussi à recueillir suffisamment de dons pour construire une nouvelle aire de jeux.

free trade

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

libre-échange

libre-échange

Ex: The country signed a free trade agreement with its neighboring nations, aiming to boost exports and attract foreign investment. 
free market

an economic system that is not operated by the government rather by free competition and supply and demand

libre marché

libre marché

Ex: The country's transition to a free market system led to increased competition and economic growth. 

La transition du pays vers un système de marché libre a conduit à une concurrence accrue et à une croissance économique.

decline
decline
[nom]

a change toward a smaller, lower, or reduced state

déclin

déclin

Ex: There was a noticeable decline in attendance at the concert. 
commodity

a product or raw material that can be bought and sold, especially in large quantities on financial markets

marchandise

marchandise

Ex: The company invests in commodities such as gold, wheat, and coffee. 
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