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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - La Economía

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre dieta, como "credit", "due", "yield", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
to finance
[Verbo]

to provide funds or an amount of money

financiar

financiar

Ex: Over the years , the government has successfully financed numerous infrastructure projects .A lo largo de los años, el gobierno ha logrado **financiar** numerosos proyectos de infraestructura.
capital
[Sustantivo]

money or property owned by a person or company that is used for investment or starting a business

capital

capital

Ex: He decided to invest his capital in real estate , hoping for high returns .Decidió invertir su **capital** en bienes raíces, esperando altos rendimientos.
credit
[Sustantivo]

the ability to buy something from a shop or receive money from a bank based on trust, without paying for it immediately

crédito

crédito

debit
[Sustantivo]

an entry indicating an increase in assets or an expense, and a decrease in debts or income

débito, cargo

débito, cargo

Ex: The software automatically applies debits and credits .El software aplica automáticamente los **débitos** y los créditos.
expense
[Sustantivo]

the amount of money spent to do or have something

gasto

gasto

Ex: Many people use budgeting apps to categorize their expenses and identify areas where they can cut back to save money .Muchas personas usan aplicaciones de presupuesto para categorizar sus **gastos** e identificar áreas donde pueden recortar para ahorrar dinero.
due
[Adjetivo]

(of a payment, debt, etc.) scheduled or required to be paid immediately or at a specific time

pagadero, adeudado

pagadero, adeudado

Ex: The next installment for the project funding is due in two weeks .El próximo pago para el financiamiento del proyecto vence en dos semanas.
yield
[Sustantivo]

an amount of profit gained from an investment or business

interés

interés

Ex: The stock portfolio showed a steady yield, generating consistent profits for the shareholders .La cartera de acciones mostró un **rendimiento** constante, generando beneficios consistentes para los accionistas.
bank statement
[Sustantivo]

a document given by a bank to an account holder, providing a summary of all financial transactions within a specified period

estado de cuenta, extracto de cuenta

estado de cuenta, extracto de cuenta

Ex: Online banking allows customers to access and download their bank statements electronically for convenience and record-keeping purposes .La **extracto bancario** permite a los clientes acceder y descargar sus extractos bancarios electrónicamente por conveniencia y para fines de mantenimiento de registros.
benefit
[Sustantivo]

the occasions or events like concert or performance that are arranged with the aim of generating funds for those who are in need

beneficio,  concierto benéfico

beneficio, concierto benéfico

to climb
[Verbo]

to increase in terms of amount, value, intensity, etc.

subir

subir

Ex: With the growing demand for online services , internet usage began to climb significantly .Con la creciente demanda de servicios en línea, el uso de Internet comenzó a **aumentar** significativamente.
to crash
[Verbo]

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

quebrar

quebrar

Ex: When the company ’s stock crashed, many investors faced significant losses .Cuando las acciones de la empresa **se desplomaron**, muchos inversores enfrentaron pérdidas significativas.
collapse
[Sustantivo]

a sudden decrease in something's value, such as a price or stock

colapso, derrumbamiento

colapso, derrumbamiento

Ex: The collapse of the housing market left many people unable to sell their homes .El **colapso** del mercado de la vivienda dejó a muchas personas incapaces de vender sus hogares.
debt relief
[Sustantivo]

the act of remitting a person or organization's debts

alivio de deuda

alivio de deuda

income
[Sustantivo]

the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

ingreso, salario

ingreso, salario

Ex: The couple reviewed their monthly income and expenses to create a more effective budget .La pareja revisó sus **ingresos** mensuales y gastos para crear un presupuesto más efectivo.
revenue
[Sustantivo]

the total income generated from business activities or other sources

ingresos

ingresos

Ex: The restaurant 's revenue increased during the holiday season .Los **ingresos** del restaurante aumentaron durante la temporada navideña.
fortune
[Sustantivo]

a very large sum of money

fortuna

fortuna

Ex: Despite his vast fortune, he lived a surprisingly modest lifestyle .A pesar de su **fortuna** considerable, llevaba un estilo de vida sorprendentemente modesto.
fee
[Sustantivo]

the money that is paid to a professional or an organization for their services

tasa

tasa

Ex: There 's an additional fee if you require expedited shipping for your order .Hay un **cargo** adicional si requiere envío exprés para su pedido.
to deposit
[Verbo]

to put an amount of money or other item of value into a bank account

depositar, ingresar

depositar, ingresar

Ex: The student deposited the scholarship award in her college tuition account to cover expenses .La estudiante **depositó** el premio de la beca en su cuenta de matrícula universitaria para cubrir gastos.

to take money out of an account, fund, or financial institution

retirar

retirar

Ex: They planned to withdraw a portion of their savings to start their own business .Planeaban **retirar** una parte de sus ahorros para comenzar su propio negocio.
to freeze
[Verbo]

to legally prevent money, property, or a bank account from being used or sold

congelar

congelar

Ex: During divorce proceedings , a court may issue an order to freeze joint assets until a settlement can be reached .Durante los procedimientos de divorcio, un tribunal puede emitir una orden para **congelar** los bienes conjuntos hasta que se llegue a un acuerdo.

to withdraw more money from a bank account than is available

sobregirar

sobregirar

Ex: He was worried that he might overdraw his account after making a large purchase .Estaba preocupado por **sobregirar** su cuenta después de hacer una compra grande.
donation
[Sustantivo]

something that is voluntarily given to someone or an organization to help them, such as money, food, etc.

donación

donación

Ex: They appreciated the generous donation from the community .Apreciaron la generosa **donación** de la comunidad.
budget
[Sustantivo]

the sum of money that is available to a person, an organization, etc. for a particular purpose and the plan according to which it will be spent

presupuesto

presupuesto

Ex: The project ran over budget, leading to cuts in other areas .El proyecto superó el **presupuesto**, lo que llevó a recortes en otras áreas.
asset
[Sustantivo]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

valor

valor

Ex: Goodwill , reflecting a company 's reputation and customer loyalty , is considered an asset on its balance sheet .
broke
[Adjetivo]

having little or no financial resources

pelado, sin un peso, sin blanca

pelado, sin un peso, sin blanca

Ex: He felt embarrassed admitting to his friends that he was broke and could n't join them for dinner .Se sintió avergonzado admitiendo a sus amigos que estaba **sin dinero** y no podía unirse a ellos para cenar.
bankruptcy
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

bancarrota

bancarrota

Ex: The risk of bankruptcy increased as the market conditions worsened .El riesgo de **quiebra** aumentó a medida que empeoraban las condiciones del mercado.
fair trade
[Sustantivo]

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

comercio justo

comercio justo

to make a person or thing move from a place, situation, or person to another

trasladarse

trasladarse

Ex: The software developer had to transfer code snippets from one section of the program to another .El desarrollador de software tuvo que **transferir** fragmentos de código de una sección del programa a otra.
trading
[Sustantivo]

the practice of buying and selling goods

comercio

comercio

economy
[Sustantivo]

the system in which money, goods, and services are produced or distributed within a country or region

economía

economía

Ex: The global pandemic caused significant disruptions to the economy, affecting businesses and employment worldwide .La pandemia global causó interrupciones significativas en la **economía**, afectando a los negocios y al empleo en todo el mundo.

‌the relationship between the amount of goods or services that are available and the amount that people want to buy, especially when this controls prices

oferta y demanda

oferta y demanda

stock market
[Sustantivo]

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

bolsa de valores

bolsa de valores

Ex: The global pandemic had a profound impact on the stock market, leading to volatile fluctuations .La pandemia global tuvo un impacto profundo en el **mercado de valores**, lo que llevó a fluctuaciones volátiles.
share
[Sustantivo]

any of the equal portions of a company's stock that is available for public to buy and gain benefit

acción

acción

Ex: Selling your shares now would mean missing out on future growth .
recession
[Sustantivo]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

recesión

recesión

Ex: Economists predicted that the recession would last for several quarters before signs of recovery would emerge .Los economistas predijeron que la **recesión** duraría varios trimestres antes de que aparecieran signos de recuperación.
invoice
[Sustantivo]

a list of goods or services received and their total cost

factura

factura

Ex: He reviewed the invoice for discrepancies before approving it for payment .
fundraising
[Sustantivo]

the process or provision of financial aid for something such as a charity or cause, usually through holding special events

recaudación de fondos

recaudación de fondos

Ex: The university alumni association hosts fundraising events to provide scholarships for students in need.La asociación de exalumnos de la universidad organiza eventos de **recaudación de fondos** para proporcionar becas a estudiantes necesitados.
free trade
[Sustantivo]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

libre comercio

libre comercio

Ex: Negotiations for a new free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .Las negociaciones para un nuevo acuerdo de **libre comercio** entre los dos países se estancaron debido a desacuerdos sobre los aranceles agrícolas.
free market
[Sustantivo]

an economic system that is not operated by the government rather by free competition and supply and demand

mercado libre

mercado libre

Ex: The deregulation of industries is often a key component of transitioning to a free market economy .La desregulación de las industrias es a menudo un componente clave de la transición a una economía de **mercado libre**.
decline
[Sustantivo]

a continuous reduction in something's amount, value, intensity, etc.

reducción, disminución

reducción, disminución

Ex: Measures were introduced to address the decline in biodiversity .Se introdujeron medidas para abordar la **disminución** de la biodiversidad.
commodity
[Sustantivo]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

materia prima

materia prima

Ex: Investors often include commodities in their portfolios as a hedge against inflation and market volatility .Los inversores a menudo incluyen **materias primas** en sus carteras como protección contra la inflación y la volatilidad del mercado.
Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL
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