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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - La Economía

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre dieta, como "credit", "due", "yield", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
to finance
to finance
[Verbo]

to provide funds or an amount of money

financiar

financiar

Ex: Banks play a crucial role in financing businesses through loans and credit. 
capital
capital
[Sustantivo]

assets used to generate more assets, especially in business or production

capital

capital

Ex: The company invested capital in new machinery. 
credit
credit
[Sustantivo]

the ability to obtain goods, services, or funds based on trust, allowing payment to be deferred

crédito

crédito

Ex: She bought the laptop on credit and will pay in installments. 
debit
debit
[Sustantivo]

an entry indicating an increase in assets or an expense, and a decrease in debts or income

débito, cargo

débito, cargo

Ex: The accountant recorded the purchase as a debit. 
expense
expense
[Sustantivo]

the amount of money spent to do or have something

gasto

gasto

Ex: Keeping track of your monthly expenses can help you create a realistic budget. 
due
due
[Adjetivo]

(of a payment, debt, etc.) scheduled or required to be paid immediately or at a specific time

pagadero, adeudado

pagadero, adeudado

Ex: The rent is due on the first of every month. 
yield
yield
[Sustantivo]

an amount of profit gained from an investment or business

interés

interés

Ex: The bond offered a competitive yield, attracting many investors looking for stable returns. 
bank statement
bank statement
[Sustantivo]

a document given by a bank to an account holder, providing a summary of all financial transactions within a specified period

estado de cuenta, extracto de cuenta

estado de cuenta, extracto de cuenta

Ex: John reviewed his bank statement to reconcile his records with his monthly expenses. 
benefit
benefit
[Sustantivo]

the occasions or events like concert or performance that are arranged with the aim of generating funds for those who are in need

beneficio,  concierto benéfico

beneficio, concierto benéfico

to climb
to climb
[Verbo]

to increase in terms of amount, value, intensity, etc.

subir

subir

Ex: With successful marketing strategies, the sales of the product began to climb steadily. 
to crash
to crash
[Verbo]

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

quebrar

quebrar

Ex: The stock market crashed, wiping out billions in a matter of hours. 
collapse
collapse
[Sustantivo]

a sudden decrease in something's value, such as a price or stock

colapso, derrumbamiento

colapso, derrumbamiento

Ex: The financial collapse led to widespread panic among investors. 
debt relief
debt relief
[Sustantivo]

the act of remitting a person or organization's debts

alivio de deuda

alivio de deuda

income
income
[Sustantivo]

the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

ingreso, salario

ingreso, salario

Ex: His primary source of income is his salary from the tech company where he works. 
revenue
revenue
[Sustantivo]

the total income generated from business activities or other sources

ingresos

ingresos

Ex: The company's annual revenue exceeded expectations. 
fortune
fortune
[Sustantivo]

a very large sum of money

fortuna

fortuna

Ex: He inherited a fortune from his grandparents and became one of the wealthiest individuals in the country. 
fee
fee
[Sustantivo]

the money that is paid to a professional or an organization for their services

tasa

tasa

Ex: The lawyer's fee for handling the case was quite high. 
to deposit
to deposit
[Verbo]

to put an amount of money or other item of value into a bank account

depositar, ingresar

depositar, ingresar

Ex: She deposited her paycheck into her savings account to start building her nest egg. 
to withdraw

to take money out of an account, fund, or financial institution

retirar

retirar

Ex: She visited the ATM to withdraw some cash for groceries. 
to freeze
to freeze
[Verbo]

to legally prevent money, property, or a bank account from being used or sold

congelar

congelar

Ex: The government decided to freeze the assets of the company suspected of money laundering until the investigation was complete. 
to overdraw

to withdraw more money from a bank account than is available

sobregirar

sobregirar

Ex: He accidentally overdrew his account and had to pay a penalty fee. 
donation
donation
[Sustantivo]

something that is voluntarily given to someone or an organization to help them, such as money, food, etc.

donación

donación

Ex: She made a donation to the local animal shelter. 
budget
budget
[Sustantivo]

a specific amount of money set aside for a particular use

presupuesto

presupuesto

Ex: The project has a strict budget for equipment. 
asset
asset
[Sustantivo]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

valor

valor

Ex: Real estate is considered a valuable asset due to its potential for long-term appreciation and rental income. 
broke
broke
[Adjetivo]

having little or no financial resources

pelado, sin un peso, sin blanca

pelado, sin un peso, sin blanca

Ex: I'm broke until payday. 
bankruptcy
bankruptcy
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

bancarrota

bancarrota

Ex: The company declared bankruptcy after years of financial losses. 
fair trade
fair trade
[Sustantivo]

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

comercio justo

comercio justo

to transfer

to make a person or thing move from a place, situation, or person to another

trasladarse

trasladarse

Ex: The professor decided to transfer the student to a more advanced class. 
trading
trading
[Sustantivo]

the practice of buying and selling goods

comercio

comercio

economy
economy
[Sustantivo]

the system in which money, goods, and services are produced or distributed within a country or region

economía

economía

Ex: The country's economy grew rapidly due to investments in technology and infrastructure. 
supply and demand

‌the relationship between the amount of goods or services that are available and the amount that people want to buy, especially when this controls prices

oferta y demanda

oferta y demanda

stock market
stock market
[Sustantivo]

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

bolsa de valores

bolsa de valores

Ex: The stock market experienced a significant drop today, causing investors to worry about their portfolios. 
share
share
[Sustantivo]

any of the equal portions of a company's stock that is available for public to buy and gain benefit

acción

acción

Ex: She bought 100 shares of the tech startup during its IPO. 
recession
recession
[Sustantivo]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

recesión

recesión

Ex: During the recession, many businesses were forced to close, leading to widespread job losses. 
invoice
invoice
[Sustantivo]

a list of goods or services received and their total cost

factura

factura

Ex: The vendor sent an invoice to the client for the goods delivered. 
fundraising
fundraising
[Sustantivo]

the process or provision of financial aid for something such as a charity or cause, usually through holding special events

recaudación de fondos

recaudación de fondos

Ex: The nonprofit organization organized a fundraising gala to raise funds for cancer research. 
free trade
free trade
[Sustantivo]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

libre comercio

libre comercio

Ex: Many economists argue that free trade agreements promote economic growth by reducing barriers to international commerce. 
free market
free market
[Sustantivo]

an economic system that is not operated by the government rather by free competition and supply and demand

mercado libre

mercado libre

Ex: In a free market economy, prices are determined by supply and demand rather than government intervention. 
decline
decline
[Sustantivo]

a change toward a smaller, lower, or reduced state

reducción, disminución

reducción, disminución

Ex: The company reported a decline in sales this quarter. 
commodity
commodity
[Sustantivo]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

materia prima

materia prima

Ex: Oil has long been a highly valued commodity on the global market, influencing economies and politics. 
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