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托福必备词汇 - 经济

在这里,你将学习一些关于经济的英语单词,如“信用”、“到期”、“收益”等,这些都是托福考试所需要的。

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开始学习
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
to finance
to finance
[动词]

to provide funds or an amount of money

融资, 提供资金

融资, 提供资金

Ex: Over the years , the government has successfully financed numerous infrastructure projects .

多年来,政府已成功资助了许多基础设施项目。

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capital
capital
[名词]

assets used to generate more assets, especially in business or production

资本, 基金

资本, 基金

Ex: The factory needed more capital to increase output .

工厂需要更多资本来增加产量。

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credit
credit
[名词]

the ability to obtain goods, services, or funds based on trust, allowing payment to be deferred

信用, 信贷

信用, 信贷

Ex: Credit allowed them to furnish the apartment before receiving their paycheck.

信用让他们在收到工资之前就能布置公寓。

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debit
debit
[名词]

an entry indicating an increase in assets or an expense, and a decrease in debts or income

借方, 借方条目

借方, 借方条目

Ex: The software automatically applies debits and credits .

该软件自动应用借记和贷记。

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expense
expense
[名词]

the amount of money spent to do or have something

花费,  费用

花费, 费用

Ex: Many people use budgeting apps to categorize their expenses and identify areas where they can cut back to save money .

许多人使用预算应用程序来分类他们的支出,并确定可以削减以节省资金的领域。

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due
due
[形容词]

(of a payment, debt, etc.) scheduled or required to be paid immediately or at a specific time

到期, 应付

到期, 应付

Ex: The next installment for the project funding is due in two weeks .

项目资金的下一期款项将在两周内到期

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yield
yield
[名词]

an amount of profit gained from an investment or business

收益, 利润

收益, 利润

Ex: The stock portfolio showed a steady yield, generating consistent profits for the shareholders .

股票投资组合显示出稳定的收益,为股东带来了持续的利润。

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bank statement

a document given by a bank to an account holder, providing a summary of all financial transactions within a specified period

银行对账单, 账户明细

银行对账单, 账户明细

Ex: Online banking allows customers to access and download their bank statements electronically for convenience and record-keeping purposes .

网上银行允许客户出于便利和记录保存的目的,以电子方式访问和下载他们的银行对账单

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benefit
benefit
[名词]

the occasions or events like concert or performance that are arranged with the aim of generating funds for those who are in need

利益,  慈善音乐会

利益, 慈善音乐会

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to climb
to climb
[动词]

to increase in terms of amount, value, intensity, etc.

增加, 上升

增加, 上升

Ex: With the growing demand for online services , internet usage began to climb significantly .

随着对在线服务的需求不断增长,互联网的使用开始显著上升

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to crash
to crash
[动词]

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

暴跌, 崩盘

暴跌, 崩盘

Ex: When the company ’s stock crashed, many investors faced significant losses .

当公司的股票暴跌时,许多投资者面临重大损失。

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collapse
collapse
[名词]

a sudden decrease in something's value, such as a price or stock

崩溃, 暴跌

崩溃, 暴跌

Ex: The collapse of the housing market left many people unable to sell their homes .

住房市场的崩溃使许多人无法出售他们的房屋。

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debt relief
debt relief
[名词]

the act of remitting a person or organization's debts

债务减免, 债务免除

债务减免, 债务免除

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income
income
[名词]

the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

收入

收入

Ex: The couple reviewed their monthly income and expenses to create a more effective budget .

这对夫妇审查了他们的月收入和支出,以制定更有效的预算。

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revenue
revenue
[名词]

the total income generated from business activities or other sources

收入, 收益

收入, 收益

Ex: The restaurant 's revenue increased during the holiday season .

餐厅的收入在假期期间增加了。

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fortune
fortune
[名词]

a very large sum of money

财富, 财产

财富, 财产

Ex: Despite his vast fortune, he lived a surprisingly modest lifestyle .

尽管他拥有巨大的财富,但他的生活方式却出人意料地朴素。

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fee
fee
[名词]

the money that is paid to a professional or an organization for their services

费用, 手续费

费用, 手续费

Ex: There 's an additional fee if you require expedited shipping for your order .

如果您需要为您的订单加急运输,则需要支付额外费用

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to deposit
to deposit
[动词]

to put an amount of money or other item of value into a bank account

存款, 存入

存款, 存入

Ex: The student deposited the scholarship award in her college tuition account to cover expenses .

该学生将奖学金存入了她的大学学费账户以支付费用。

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to withdraw
to withdraw
[动词]

to take money out of an account, fund, or financial institution

提取, 取出

提取, 取出

Ex: They planned to withdraw a portion of their savings to start their own business .

他们计划提取一部分储蓄来开始自己的生意。

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to freeze
to freeze
[动词]

to legally prevent money, property, or a bank account from being used or sold

冻结, 封锁

冻结, 封锁

Ex: During divorce proceedings , a court may issue an order to freeze joint assets until a settlement can be reached .

在离婚诉讼期间,法院可能会发布命令冻结共同资产,直到达成和解。

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to overdraw
to overdraw
[动词]

to withdraw more money from a bank account than is available

透支, 超支

透支, 超支

Ex: He was worried that he might overdraw his account after making a large purchase .

他担心在进行了大额购买后可能会透支他的账户。

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donation
donation
[名词]

something that is voluntarily given to someone or an organization to help them, such as money, food, etc.

捐赠, 捐款

捐赠, 捐款

Ex: They appreciated the generous donation from the community .

他们感谢社区慷慨的捐赠

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budget
budget
[名词]

a specific amount of money set aside for a particular use

预算, 预算拨款

预算, 预算拨款

Ex: He set a weekly budget for groceries .

他为杂货设定了每周预算

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asset
asset
[名词]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

资产, 宝贵资源

资产, 宝贵资源

Ex: Goodwill , reflecting a company 's reputation and customer loyalty , is considered an asset on its balance sheet .

商誉,反映公司的声誉和客户忠诚度,在其资产负债表上被视为资产

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broke
broke
[形容词]

having little or no financial resources

破产, 身无分文

破产, 身无分文

Ex: We're broke this month because of the rent.

这个月因为房租我们破产了。

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bankruptcy
bankruptcy
[名词]

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

破产, 倒闭

破产, 倒闭

Ex: The risk of bankruptcy increased as the market conditions worsened .

随着市场状况恶化,破产的风险增加了。

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fair trade
fair trade
[名词]

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

公平贸易

公平贸易

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to transfer
to transfer
[动词]

to make a person or thing move from a place, situation, or person to another

转移, 调动

转移, 调动

Ex: The software developer had to transfer code snippets from one section of the program to another .

软件开发人员不得不将代码片段从程序的一个部分转移到另一个部分。

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trading
trading
[名词]

the practice of buying and selling goods

贸易,  交易

贸易, 交易

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economy
economy
[名词]

the system in which money, goods, and services are produced or distributed within a country or region

经济

经济

Ex: The global pandemic caused significant disruptions to the economy, affecting businesses and employment worldwide .

全球大流行对经济造成了重大干扰,影响了世界各地的企业和就业。

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supply and demand

‌the relationship between the amount of goods or services that are available and the amount that people want to buy, especially when this controls prices

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stock market
stock market
[名词]

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

股票市场, 股市

股票市场, 股市

Ex: The global pandemic had a profound impact on the stock market, leading to volatile fluctuations .

全球大流行对股市产生了深远影响,导致波动性波动。

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share
share
[名词]

any of the equal portions of a company's stock that is available for public to buy and gain benefit

股份, 股票

股份, 股票

Ex: Selling your shares now would mean missing out on future growth .

现在出售您的股票将意味着错过未来的增长。

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recession
recession
[名词]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

衰退

衰退

Ex: Economists predicted that the recession would last for several quarters before signs of recovery would emerge .

经济学家预测,衰退将持续几个季度,然后才会出现复苏的迹象。

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invoice
invoice
[名词]

a list of goods or services received and their total cost

发票, 账单

发票, 账单

Ex: He reviewed the invoice for discrepancies before approving it for payment .

他在批准付款前审查了发票以查找差异。

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fundraising
fundraising
[名词]

the process or provision of financial aid for something such as a charity or cause, usually through holding special events

筹款, 募捐

筹款, 募捐

Ex: The university alumni association hosts fundraising events to provide scholarships for students in need.

大学校友会举办筹款活动,为有需要的学生提供奖学金。

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free trade
free trade
[名词]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

自由贸易, 自由貿易

自由贸易, 自由貿易

Ex: Negotiations for a new free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .

两国之间关于新自由贸易协定的谈判因农业关税分歧而陷入僵局。

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free market
free market
[名词]

an economic system that is not operated by the government rather by free competition and supply and demand

自由市场, 市场经济

自由市场, 市场经济

Ex: The deregulation of industries is often a key component of transitioning to a free market economy .

行业的放松管制通常是向自由市场经济过渡的关键组成部分。

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decline
decline
[名词]

a change toward a smaller, lower, or reduced state

下降, 减少

下降, 减少

Ex: The river 's water level suffered a decline during the drought .

河流的水位在干旱期间遭受了下降

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commodity
commodity
[名词]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

商品, 原材料

商品, 原材料

Ex: Investors often include commodities in their portfolios as a hedge against inflation and market volatility .

投资者经常将大宗商品纳入其投资组合中,作为对通货膨胀和市场波动的对冲。

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