Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL - The Economy

to provide funds or an amount of money

money or property owned by a person or company that is used for investment or starting a business

the ability to buy something from a shop or receive money from a bank based on trust, without paying for it immediately

an entry indicating an increase in assets or an expense, and a decrease in debts or income

the amount of money spent to do or have something

(payment, debt, etc.) having to be paid immediately

an amount of profit gained from an investment or business

a document given by a bank to an account holder, providing a summary of all financial transactions within a specified period

the occasions or events like concert or performance that are arranged with the aim of generating funds for those who are in need

to increase in terms of amount, value, intensity, etc.

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

a sudden decrease in something's value, such as a price or stock

the act of remitting a person or organization's debts

the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

money that an organization or business earns over a period of time

a very large sum of money

the money that is paid to a professional or an organization for their services

to put an amount of money or other item of value into a bank account

to take money out of an account, fund, or financial institution

to legally prevent money, property, or a bank account from being used or sold

to withdraw more money from a bank account than is available

something that is voluntarily given to someone or an organization to help them, such as money, food, etc.

the sum of money that is available to a person, an organization, etc. for a particular purpose and the plan according to which it will be spent

(usually plural) a property or an item of value that a company owns and can sell to pay its debts

having little or no financial resources

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

to make a person or thing move from a place, situation, or person to another

the practice of buying and selling goods

the system in which money, goods, and services are produced or distributed within a country or region

‌the relationship between the amount of goods or services that are available and the amount that people want to buy, especially when this controls prices

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

any of the equal portions of a company's stock that is available for public to buy and gain benefit

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

a list of goods or services received and their total cost

the process or provision of financial aid for something such as a charity or cause, usually through holding special events

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

an economic system that is not operated by the government rather by free competition and supply and demand

a continuous reduction in something's amount, value, intensity, etc.

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces