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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Ekonomika

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o ekonomii, jako je "úvěr", "splatný", "výnos" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
to finance
to finance
[sloveso]

to provide funds or an amount of money

financovat, poskytnout prostředky

financovat, poskytnout prostředky

Ex: Banks play a crucial role in financing businesses through loans and credit. 
capital
capital
[Podstatné jméno]

assets used to generate more assets, especially in business or production

kapitál, fond

kapitál, fond

Ex: The company invested capital in new machinery. 
credit
credit
[Podstatné jméno]

the ability to obtain goods, services, or funds based on trust, allowing payment to be deferred

úvěr, financování

úvěr, financování

Ex: She bought the laptop on credit and will pay in installments. 
debit
debit
[Podstatné jméno]

an entry indicating an increase in assets or an expense, and a decrease in debts or income

debet, debetní zápis

debet, debetní zápis

Ex: The accountant recorded the purchase as a debit. 
expense
expense
[Podstatné jméno]

the amount of money spent to do or have something

výdaj,  náklady

výdaj, náklady

Ex: Keeping track of your monthly expenses can help you create a realistic budget. 
due
due
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a payment, debt, etc.) scheduled or required to be paid immediately or at a specific time

splatný, k zaplacení

splatný, k zaplacení

Ex: The rent is due on the first of every month. 
yield
yield
[Podstatné jméno]

an amount of profit gained from an investment or business

výnos, zisk

výnos, zisk

Ex: The bond offered a competitive yield, attracting many investors looking for stable returns. 
bank statement
bank statement
[Podstatné jméno]

a document given by a bank to an account holder, providing a summary of all financial transactions within a specified period

výpis z bankovního účtu, bankovní výpis

výpis z bankovního účtu, bankovní výpis

Ex: John reviewed his bank statement to reconcile his records with his monthly expenses. 
benefit
benefit
[Podstatné jméno]

the occasions or events like concert or performance that are arranged with the aim of generating funds for those who are in need

prospěch,  benefiční koncert

prospěch, benefiční koncert

to climb
to climb
[sloveso]

to increase in terms of amount, value, intensity, etc.

stoupat, šplhat

stoupat, šplhat

Ex: With successful marketing strategies, the sales of the product began to climb steadily. 
to crash
to crash
[sloveso]

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

zhroutit se, propadnout

zhroutit se, propadnout

Ex: The stock market crashed, wiping out billions in a matter of hours. 
collapse
collapse
[Podstatné jméno]

a sudden decrease in something's value, such as a price or stock

kolaps, zhroucení

kolaps, zhroucení

Ex: The financial collapse led to widespread panic among investors. 
debt relief
debt relief
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of remitting a person or organization's debts

úleva na dluhu, odpuštění dluhu

úleva na dluhu, odpuštění dluhu

income
income
[Podstatné jméno]

the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

příjem

příjem

Ex: His primary source of income is his salary from the tech company where he works. 
revenue
revenue
[Podstatné jméno]

the total income generated from business activities or other sources

příjmy, výnosy

příjmy, výnosy

Ex: The company's annual revenue exceeded expectations. 
fortune
fortune
[Podstatné jméno]

a very large sum of money

jmění, bohatství

jmění, bohatství

Ex: He inherited a fortune from his grandparents and became one of the wealthiest individuals in the country. 
fee
fee
[Podstatné jméno]

the money that is paid to a professional or an organization for their services

honorář, poplatek

honorář, poplatek

Ex: The lawyer's fee for handling the case was quite high. 
to deposit
to deposit
[sloveso]

to put an amount of money or other item of value into a bank account

vložit, uložit

vložit, uložit

Ex: She deposited her paycheck into her savings account to start building her nest egg. 
to withdraw
to withdraw
[sloveso]

to take money out of an account, fund, or financial institution

vybrat, stáhnout

vybrat, stáhnout

Ex: She visited the ATM to withdraw some cash for groceries. 
to freeze
to freeze
[sloveso]

to legally prevent money, property, or a bank account from being used or sold

zmrazit, zablokovat

zmrazit, zablokovat

Ex: The government decided to freeze the assets of the company suspected of money laundering until the investigation was complete. 
to overdraw
to overdraw
[sloveso]

to withdraw more money from a bank account than is available

překročit zůstatek, jít do mínusu

překročit zůstatek, jít do mínusu

Ex: He accidentally overdrew his account and had to pay a penalty fee. 
donation
donation
[Podstatné jméno]

something that is voluntarily given to someone or an organization to help them, such as money, food, etc.

dar, příspěvek

dar, příspěvek

Ex: She made a donation to the local animal shelter. 
budget
budget
[Podstatné jméno]

a specific amount of money set aside for a particular use

rozpočet, rozpočtová položka

rozpočet, rozpočtová položka

Ex: The project has a strict budget for equipment. 
asset
asset
[Podstatné jméno]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

aktivum, cenný zdroj

aktivum, cenný zdroj

Ex: Real estate is considered a valuable asset due to its potential for long-term appreciation and rental income. 
broke
broke
[Přídavné jméno]

having little or no financial resources

na mizině, bez halíře

na mizině, bez halíře

Ex: I'm broke until payday. 
bankruptcy
bankruptcy
[Podstatné jméno]

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

bankrot, úpadek

bankrot, úpadek

Ex: The company declared bankruptcy after years of financial losses. 
fair trade
fair trade
[Podstatné jméno]

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

spravedlivý obchod

spravedlivý obchod

to transfer
to transfer
[sloveso]

to make a person or thing move from a place, situation, or person to another

převést, přemístit

převést, přemístit

Ex: The professor decided to transfer the student to a more advanced class. 
trading
trading
[Podstatné jméno]

the practice of buying and selling goods

obchod,  obchodování

obchod, obchodování

economy
economy
[Podstatné jméno]

the system in which money, goods, and services are produced or distributed within a country or region

ekonomika

ekonomika

Ex: The country's economy grew rapidly due to investments in technology and infrastructure. 
supply and demand

‌the relationship between the amount of goods or services that are available and the amount that people want to buy, especially when this controls prices

stock market
stock market
[Podstatné jméno]

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

akciový trh, burza

akciový trh, burza

Ex: The stock market experienced a significant drop today, causing investors to worry about their portfolios. 
share
share
[Podstatné jméno]

any of the equal portions of a company's stock that is available for public to buy and gain benefit

akcie, podíl

akcie, podíl

Ex: She bought 100 shares of the tech startup during its IPO. 
recession
recession
[Podstatné jméno]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

recese

recese

Ex: During the recession, many businesses were forced to close, leading to widespread job losses. 
invoice
invoice
[Podstatné jméno]

a list of goods or services received and their total cost

faktura, účet

faktura, účet

Ex: The vendor sent an invoice to the client for the goods delivered. 
fundraising
fundraising
[Podstatné jméno]

the process or provision of financial aid for something such as a charity or cause, usually through holding special events

fundraising, sbírka prostředků

fundraising, sbírka prostředků

Ex: The nonprofit organization organized a fundraising gala to raise funds for cancer research. 
free trade
free trade
[Podstatné jméno]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

volný obchod, svobodný obchod

volný obchod, svobodný obchod

Ex: Many economists argue that free trade agreements promote economic growth by reducing barriers to international commerce. 
free market
free market
[Podstatné jméno]

an economic system that is not operated by the government rather by free competition and supply and demand

volný trh, tržní ekonomika

volný trh, tržní ekonomika

Ex: In a free market economy, prices are determined by supply and demand rather than government intervention. 
decline
decline
[Podstatné jméno]

a change toward a smaller, lower, or reduced state

pokles, snížení

pokles, snížení

Ex: The company reported a decline in sales this quarter. 
commodity
commodity
[Podstatné jméno]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

zboží, surovina

zboží, surovina

Ex: Oil has long been a highly valued commodity on the global market, influencing economies and politics. 
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