Vocabulaire Avancé pour le TOEFL - Littérature et Écriture

(a book, play, text, etc.) made shorter than the original by omitting some details

abrégé

(of a story, play, image, etc.) using characters or events in a symbolic sense that represent a concept, quality, etc.

allégorique

shocking or sensational, especially in a gruesome or vulgar way

choquant, à sensation

(of speech or writing) using a serious and elevated style that makes it tedious and complicated

ampoulé, boursouflé, pompeux

a poem or other piece of writing in which certain letters of each line, usually the initial letters, spell out a word or phrase

acrostiche

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

parodie

poetry that is loosely styled by an irregular rhythm, intended to have a comic effect

vers de mirliton

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

élégie

a long poem in narrative form giving an account of the extraordinary deeds and adventures of a nation's heroes or legends

épopée

a Japanese poem with three unrhymed lines that have five, seven and five syllables each

haiku

a song, musical piece, poem, etc. that expresses the feeling of sorrow and sadness after a loss or death

complainte

a drawing, speech, or text aiming to criticize something or someone in a humorous manner

satire

a lyric poem, written in varied or irregular metrical form, for a particular object, person, or concept

ode

a piece of writing, music, etc. that imitates the style of someone else in a humorous way

parodie

any holy poem, song, or hymn, especially the ones in the Book of Psalms, used in Christian and Jewish worship

psaume

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

sonnet

a person who writes pieces of poetry and stories

barde

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

strophe

any of the sections into which a long poem is divided

chant

an elaborate image or a far-fetched metaphor, used in poetry

concept

the continuation of a line of poetry into another couplet or stanza without a break

enjambement

the use of language and figures of speech in a way that influences or entertains people

rhétorique

the systematic study of metrical structures and sounds in poetry

prosodie

a section of additional material that is usually added at the end of a book

addendum

villainous character who strongly opposes another person or thing

antagoniste, adversaire

a separate part at the end of a book that gives further information

appendice

a short promotional description of a book, motion picture, etc. published on the cover of a book or in an advertisement

texte de présentation

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

notes marginales

a list of technical terms or jargons of a particular field or text, provided in alphabetical order with an explanation for each one

glossaire, lexique

an error in a written or printed document

erratum

generally accepted rules or principles, especially those that are considered as fundamental in a field of art or philosophy

critère, canon, règles

a subject, idea, or phrase that is repeatedly used in a literary work

thème

an ancient book, written by hand, especially of scriptures, classics, etc.

codex

the greatest literary or artistic piece that an author or artist has created

magnum opus

a work of fiction with an intermediate length, which could be considered a short novel

roman court

an apparent mistake or inconsistency in the narrative of a book, motion picture, etc.

incohérence dans intrigue, incohérence dans le scénario

the fact of having an excessive number of words that results in being tedious

prolixité, verbosité

to use satire in order to criticize or ridicule a system, person, etc.

satiriser

a concluding part added at the end of a novel, play, etc.

épilogue