TOEFL のための上級語彙 - 文学と執筆

(a book, play, text, etc.) made shorter than the original by omitting some details

要約された, 省略された

(of a story, play, image, etc.) using characters or events in a symbolic sense that represent a concept, quality, etc.

寓意的な, 象徴的な

shocking or sensational, especially in a gruesome or vulgar way

衝撃的な, センセーショナルな

(of speech or writing) using a serious and elevated style that makes it tedious and complicated

膨脹した, 堅苦しい

a poem or other piece of writing in which certain letters of each line, usually the initial letters, spell out a word or phrase

アクロスティック

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

バーレスク, パロディ

humorous and poorly written poetry

質の低い滑稽詩, ユーモラスな駄作

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

エレジー, 哀歌

a long poem in narrative form giving an account of the extraordinary deeds and adventures of a nation's heroes or legends

叙事詩, エピック詩

a Japanese poem with three unrhymed lines that have five, seven and five syllables each

俳句

a song, musical piece, poem, etc. that expresses the feeling of sorrow and sadness after a loss or death

哀歌, 嘆き歌

a drawing, speech, or text aiming to criticize something or someone in a humorous manner

パロディ, 風刺

a lyric poem, written in varied or irregular metrical form, for a particular object, person, or concept

オード

a piece of writing, music, etc. that imitates the style of someone else in a humorous way

パロディ

any holy poem, song, or hymn, especially the ones in the Book of Psalms, used in Christian and Jewish worship

詩篇, 聖なる歌

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

ソネット

a person who writes pieces of poetry and stories

バード, 詩人

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

詩節, スタンザ

any of the sections into which a long poem is divided

カント, 詩の部分

an elaborate image or a far-fetched metaphor, used in poetry

凝った比喩, 奇抜な比喩

the continuation of a line of poetry into another couplet or stanza without a break

エンジャンベマン

the use of language and figures of speech in a way that influences or entertains people

修辞学

the systematic study of metrical structures and sounds in poetry

韻律

a section of additional material that is usually added at the end of a book

補遺, 付録

villainous character who strongly opposes another person or thing

敵役, 悪役

a separate part at the end of a book that gives further information

付録, アペンディクス

a short promotional description of a book, motion picture, etc. published on the cover of a book or in an advertisement

あらすじ, 紹介文

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

マージナリア, 余白のメモ

a list of technical terms or jargons of a particular field or text, provided in alphabetical order with an explanation for each one

用語集, グロッサリー

an error in a written or printed document

エラタム, 誤り

generally accepted rules or principles, especially those that are considered as fundamental in a field of art or philosophy

カノン, 基準

a subject, idea, or phrase that is repeatedly used in a literary work

モチーフ, テーマ

an ancient book, written by hand, especially of scriptures, classics, etc.

コーデックス, 写本

the greatest literary or artistic piece that an author or artist has created

傑作

a work of fiction with an intermediate length, which could be considered a short novel

ノヴェラ

an apparent mistake or inconsistency in the narrative of a book, motion picture, etc.

プロットの穴, 物語の不整合

the fact of having an excessive number of words that results in being tedious

冗長さ

to use satire in order to criticize or ridicule a system, person, etc.

風刺する, 揶揄する

a concluding part added at the end of a novel, play, etc.

エピローグ