ورود
واژگان سطح پیشرفته برای TOEFL - ادبیات و نویسندگی
در اینجا با چند لغت انگلیسی در مورد ادبیات و نوشتار آشنا می شوید، مانند "lurid"، "epic"، "psalm" و ... که برای آزمون تافل مورد نیاز است.
مرور
فلش‌کارت‌ها
املای کلمه
آزمون
(a book, play, text, etc.) made shorter than the original by omitting some details
خلاصه‌شده
(of a story, play, image, etc.) using characters or events in a symbolic sense that represent a concept, quality, etc.
تمثیلی, مجازی
shocking or sensational, especially in a gruesome or vulgar way
زننده و موحش, مستهجن
(of speech or writing) using a serious and elevated style that makes it tedious and complicated
پرطمطراق, قلمبه‌سلمبه
a poem or other piece of writing in which certain letters of each line, usually the initial letters, spell out a word or phrase
شعر موشح
an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work
نقیضه, نظیره طنزآمیز
a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past
مرثیه, سوگنامه
a long poem in narrative form giving an account of the extraordinary deeds and adventures of a nation's heroes or legends
شعر حماسی
a Japanese poem with three unrhymed lines that have five, seven and five syllables each
هایکو
a song, musical piece, poem, etc. that expresses the feeling of sorrow and sadness after a loss or death
ملودی غم‌انگیز, سوگنامه
a drawing, speech, or text aiming to criticize something or someone in a humorous manner
هجویه, نقیضه
a lyric poem, written in varied or irregular metrical form, for a particular object, person, or concept
قصیده غنایی
a piece of writing, music, etc. that imitates the style of someone else in a humorous way
نقیضه, پارودی
any holy poem, song, or hymn, especially the ones in the Book of Psalms, used in Christian and Jewish worship
سرود مذهبی, شعر مذهبی
a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme
قطعه شعر 14 سطری, غزل‌واره
a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter
بند (شعر), استنزا
the continuation of a line of poetry into another couplet or stanza without a break
موقوف‌المعانی
the use of language and figures of speech in a way that influences or entertains people
بلاغت
the systematic study of metrical structures and sounds in poetry
علم عروض, نوای گفتار
a section of additional material that is usually added at the end of a book
پیوست, ضمیمه، تکمله، مؤخره، پی‌افزود
villainous character who strongly opposes another person or thing
ضدقهرمان, هماورد، شخصیت مقابل قهرمان
a separate part at the end of a book that gives further information
پیوست, ضمیمه، فهرست
a short promotional description of a book, motion picture, etc. published on the cover of a book or in an advertisement
خلاصه‌ای کوتاه (روی جلد کتاب یا در تبلیغات)
marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document
حاشیه‌نگاری, حاشیه‌نوشت
a list of technical terms or jargons of a particular field or text, provided in alphabetical order with an explanation for each one
فهرست اصطلاحات, واژه‌نامه
generally accepted rules or principles, especially those that are considered as fundamental in a field of art or philosophy
اصول (هنر یا فلسفه), اصول
a subject, idea, or phrase that is repeatedly used in a literary work
بن‌مایه, درون‌مایه، موتیف
an ancient book, written by hand, especially of scriptures, classics, etc.
دست‌نوشته قدیمی, نسخه دست‌نویس کتاب قدیمی
the greatest literary or artistic piece that an author or artist has created
شاهکار, مهم‌ترین اثر ادبی یا هنری یک فرد
a work of fiction with an intermediate length, which could be considered a short novel
رمان کوتاه
an apparent mistake or inconsistency in the narrative of a book, motion picture, etc.
حفره داستانی
the fact of having an excessive number of words that results in being tedious
گزافه‌گویی, پرگویی
to use satire in order to criticize or ridicule a system, person, etc.
به‌صورت طنز نقد کردن, مسخره کردن
