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Kosakata untuk IELTS Academic (Skor 6-7) - Filsafat

Di sini, Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris yang terkait dengan Filsafat yang diperlukan untuk ujian IELTS Akademik.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
empiricism
empiricism
[Kata benda]

(in philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is derived from sensory experience rather than theory or intuition

empirisme, empirisme

empirisme, empirisme

Ex: The theory reflects empiricism in its insistence on evidence from experience. 

Teori ini mencerminkan empirisme dalam penekanannya pada bukti dari pengalaman.

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relativism
relativism
[Kata benda]

the philosophical position that views truth, morality, or knowledge as dependent on individual perspectives, cultural contexts, or historical circumstances, and rejects absolute or universal standards

relativisme, relativitas budaya

relativisme, relativitas budaya

Ex: Moral relativism contends that ethical principles are not universally applicable but are shaped by cultural, historical, or personal factors. 

Relativisme moral berpendapat bahwa prinsip-prinsip etika tidak berlaku secara universal tetapi dibentuk oleh faktor budaya, sejarah, atau pribadi.

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existentialism
existentialism
[Kata benda]

a philosophical theory according to which the world has no meaning and humans are free and responsible for their actions

eksistensialisme

eksistensialisme

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causality
causality
[Kata benda]

the relationship between a cause and its effect

kausalitas, hubungan sebab-akibat

kausalitas, hubungan sebab-akibat

Ex: Establishing causality in social sciences often involves complex statistical analysis. 

Menetapkan kausalitas dalam ilmu sosial sering melibatkan analisis statistik yang kompleks.

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materialism
materialism
[Kata benda]

the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter

materialisme, filsafat materialistis

materialisme, filsafat materialistis

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skepticism
skepticism
[Kata benda]

the philosophical theory that certain knowledge is unattainable

skeptisisme

skeptisisme

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cynicism
cynicism
[Kata benda]

a doubtful view toward others' honesty or intentions

sinisme, skeptisisme

sinisme, skeptisisme

Ex: Cynicism often leads individuals to question the sincerity of others' actions, suspecting that ulterior motives drive even the most seemingly altruistic behaviors. 

Sinisme sering membuat individu mempertanyakan kejujuran tindakan orang lain, mencurigai bahwa motif tersembunyi mendorong bahkan perilaku yang tampaknya paling altruistik.

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ethics
ethics
[Kata benda]

the branch of philosophy that studies moral values and principles

etika

etika

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virtue
virtue
[Kata benda]

a positive moral quality or admirable trait in a person

kebajikan, sifat

kebajikan, sifat

Ex: Hard work and perseverance are important virtues in life. 

Kerja keras dan ketekunan adalah kebajikan penting dalam hidup.

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dialectic
dialectic
[Kata benda]

a structured method of reasoning in which truth is reached through the systematic exchange of logical arguments

dialektika, metode dialektis

dialektika, metode dialektis

Ex: The philosopher taught dialectic as a way to uncover inconsistencies in thought. 

Filsuf itu mengajarkan dialektika sebagai cara untuk mengungkap ketidakkonsistenan dalam pemikiran.

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idealism
idealism
[Kata benda]

(philosophy) the belief that the physical world is either a product of the mind, or is entirely subjective and exists only in the mind

idealisme, keyakinan pada primasi ide

idealisme, keyakinan pada primasi ide

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rationalism
rationalism
[Kata benda]

the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion

rasionalisme, aliran rasional

rasionalisme, aliran rasional

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humanism
humanism
[Kata benda]

a system of thought based on human values and nature in which solving human problems is considered more important than religious beliefs

humanisme, paham kemanusiaan

humanisme, paham kemanusiaan

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logic
logic
[Kata benda]

a field of study that deals with the ways of thinking, explaining, and reasoning

logika

logika

Ex: Many universities offer courses in logic, teaching students how to construct and deconstruct arguments effectively. 

Banyak universitas menawarkan kursus dalam logika, mengajarkan siswa cara membangun dan menganalisis argumen secara efektif.

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dualism
dualism
[Kata benda]

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

dualisme, doktrin dualisme

dualisme, doktrin dualisme

Ex: Epistemological dualism asserts a fundamental distinction between the realms of knowledge, separating subjective experiences from objective reality. 

Dualisme epistemologis menegaskan perbedaan mendasar antara ranah pengetahuan, memisahkan pengalaman subjektif dari realitas objektif.

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aesthetics
aesthetics
[Kata benda]

the branch of philosophy which deals with the nature of beauty and art

estetika

estetika

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mechanism
mechanism
[Kata benda]

a philosophical perspective that views natural phenomena, including living organisms and their behavior, as analogous to machines operating based on deterministic physical and chemical processes, without the need for supernatural or non-physical explanations

mekanisme, mekanika

mekanisme, mekanika

Ex: Newtonian physics influenced the development of mechanism by providing a deterministic framework for understanding the physical world. 

Fisika Newton memengaruhi perkembangan mekanisme dengan menyediakan kerangka deterministik untuk memahami dunia fisik.

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