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Vocabolario per IELTS Academic (Punteggio 6-7) - Philosophy

Qui, imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative alla Filosofia che sono necessarie per l'esame accademico IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
empiricism
[sostantivo]

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

empirismo

empirismo

Ex: Critics of empiricism argue that it may overlook the importance of a priori knowledge and the inherent structures of the mind that influence how we perceive and interpret experiences .I critici dell'**empirismo** sostengono che potrebbe trascurare l'importanza della conoscenza a priori e delle strutture intrinseche della mente che influenzano il modo in cui percepiamo e interpretiamo le esperienze.
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relativism
[sostantivo]

the philosophical position that views truth, morality, or knowledge as dependent on individual perspectives, cultural contexts, or historical circumstances, and rejects absolute or universal standards

relativismo, relatività culturale

relativismo, relatività culturale

Ex: Historicism , a form of relativism, emphasizes that historical events and ideas must be understood within the context of their time .Lo **storicismo**, una forma di **relativismo**, sottolinea che gli eventi e le idee storiche devono essere compresi nel contesto del loro tempo.
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existentialism
[sostantivo]

a philosophical theory according to which the world has no meaning and humans are free and responsible for their actions

esistenzialismo

esistenzialismo

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causality
[sostantivo]

the relationship between a cause and its effect

causalit

causalit

Ex: The experiment was designed to test the causality of environmental factors on plant growth .L'esperimento è stato progettato per testare la **causalità** dei fattori ambientali sulla crescita delle piante.
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materialism
[sostantivo]

the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter

materialismo

materialismo

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skepticism
[sostantivo]

the philosophical theory that certain knowledge is unattainable

scetticismo

scetticismo

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cynicism
[sostantivo]

a doubtful view toward others' honesty or intentions

cinismo, scetticismo

cinismo, scetticismo

Ex: While some view cynicism as a protective mechanism against disappointment and deceit , others argue that it can foster negativity and inhibit genuine connection and cooperation .Mentre alcuni considerano il **cinismo** come un meccanismo di protezione contro la delusione e l'inganno, altri sostengono che possa favorire la negatività e inibire una connessione e cooperazione genuina.
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ethics
[sostantivo]

the branch of philosophy that studies moral values and principles

etica

etica

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virtue
[sostantivo]

a positive moral quality or admirable trait in a person

virtù

virtù

Ex: Many cultures teach that humility is a key virtue.Molte culture insegnano che l'umiltà è una **virtù** chiave.
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dialectic
[sostantivo]

a method of uncovering the truth about something by comparing contradicting ideas and considering different theories

dialettica

dialettica

Ex: The dialectic process involves thesis , antithesis , and synthesis , where conflicting ideas are confronted and reconciled to arrive at a higher truth .Il processo **dialettico** coinvolge tesi, antitesi e sintesi, dove idee conflittuali vengono confrontate e riconciliate per arrivare a una verità superiore.
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idealism
[sostantivo]

(philosophy) the belief that the physical world is either a product of the mind, or is entirely subjective and exists only in the mind

idealismo

idealismo

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rationalism
[sostantivo]

the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion

razionalismo

razionalismo

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humanism
[sostantivo]

a system of thought based on human values and nature in which solving human problems is considered more important than religious beliefs

umanesimo

umanesimo

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logic
[sostantivo]

a field of study that deals with the ways of thinking, explaining, and reasoning

logica

logica

Ex: Some debate topics require a strong foundation in logic to ensure the arguments presented are coherent and valid .Alcuni argomenti di dibattito richiedono una solida base in **logica** per garantire che gli argomenti presentati siano coerenti e validi.
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dualism
[sostantivo]

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

dualismo, la dottrina del dualismo

dualismo, la dottrina del dualismo

Ex: Gender dualism explores the binary classification of gender roles and identities into male and female categories .Il **dualismo** di genere esplora la classificazione binaria dei ruoli e delle identità di genere nelle categorie maschile e femminile.
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aesthetics
[sostantivo]

the branch of philosophy which deals with the nature of beauty and art

estetica

estetica

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mechanism
[sostantivo]

a philosophical perspective that views natural phenomena, including living organisms and their behavior, as analogous to machines operating based on deterministic physical and chemical processes, without the need for supernatural or non-physical explanations

meccanismo, meccanica

meccanismo, meccanica

Ex: Mechanism is contrasted with vitalism , which posits the existence of a vital force or essence beyond physical and chemical processes .Il **meccanicismo** è contrapposto al vitalismo, che postula l'esistenza di una forza o essenza vitale al di là dei processi fisici e chimici.
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Vocabolario per IELTS Academic (Punteggio 6-7)
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