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IELTS のための語彙 (アカデミック) - Feminism

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「家父長制」、「ポジティブ」、「活動」などのフェミニズムに関するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Words for Academic IELTS
feminism
feminism
[名詞]

the movement that supports equal treatment of men and women and believes women should have the same rights and opportunities

フェミニズム

フェミニズム

patriarchy
patriarchy
[名詞]

a family or kinship system in which a male serves as the head and lineage is traced through the male line

Ex: Anthropologists studied the evolution of patriarchy across cultures .
sexism
sexism
[名詞]

an unfair treatment based on the belief that one gender, particularly female, is weaker, less intelligent, or less important than the other

性差別, ジェンダーディスクリミネーション

性差別, ジェンダーディスクリミネーション

misogyny
misogyny
[名詞]

the feeling of hatred or discrimination against women

女性嫌悪, 女性への憎悪

女性嫌悪, 女性への憎悪

Ex: The comedian's routine was criticized for perpetuating misogyny and harmful stereotypes about women.そのコメディアンのネタは、**女性蔑視**や女性に関する有害なステレオタイプを永続させるとして批判された。
hostile
hostile
[形容詞]

unfriendly or aggressive toward others

敵対的な, 攻撃的な

敵対的な, 攻撃的な

Ex: Despite attempts to defuse the situation , the hostile customer continued to berate the staff .状況を鎮めようとする試みにもかかわらず、**敵対的な**顧客はスタッフを叱責し続けた。
benevolent
benevolent
[形容詞]

showing kindness and generosity

慈悲深い, 寛大な

慈悲深い, 寛大な

Ex: The charity was supported by a benevolent donor who wished to remain anonymous .その慈善団体は匿名を希望する**慈悲深い**寄付者によって支援されました。
transgender
transgender
[形容詞]

describing or relating to someone whose gender identity does not correspond with their birth sex

トランスジェンダー, 性同一性障害

トランスジェンダー, 性同一性障害

Ex: Mary respected her transgender neighbor's chosen name and pronouns, creating a welcoming and inclusive environment in their community.メアリーは、彼女の**トランスジェンダー**の隣人の選んだ名前と代名詞を尊重し、コミュニティに歓迎的で包括的な環境を作り出しました。
fluidity
fluidity
[名詞]

the state of being likely to change rather than being static

流動性, 変化しやすさ

流動性, 変化しやすさ

gender
gender
[名詞]

the fact or condition of being male, female or non-binary that people identify themselves with based on social and cultural roles

ジェンダー

ジェンダー

Ex: Society often expects people to conform to traditional gender roles in terms of behavior and appearance.社会はしばしば、人々が行動や外見において伝統的な**性別**の役割に従うことを期待します。
victim
victim
[名詞]

someone who has been tricked or decieved

犠牲者, 騙された人

犠牲者, 騙された人

privilege
privilege
[名詞]

a special right, immunity or advantage that only a particular person or group has

特権, 利点

特権, 利点

Ex: They abused their privilege by ignoring the rules .彼らは規則を無視して自分の**特権**を乱用した。
positive
positive
[形容詞]

displaying approval, support, or agreement

肯定的な, 支持的な

肯定的な, 支持的な

Ex: His positive remarks made everyone feel more confident .彼の**肯定的な**発言は、皆をより自信を持たせた。
negative
negative
[形容詞]

indicating or implying refusal, denial, disagreement, or omission

否定的, 不利な

否定的, 不利な

Ex: The survey produced largely negative feedback.その調査は大部分が**否定的**なフィードバックを生み出した。
empowerment
empowerment
[名詞]

the act of giving a person or an organization the right, authority or power in order to do something

エンパワーメント, 権限付与

エンパワーメント, 権限付与

equity
equity
[名詞]

the quality of being fair and just toward people according to natural law

公平

公平

Ex: Students have the right to plead their case and achieve equity if they feel they have been treated unjustly according to the academic code of conduct .学生は、学内行動規範に従って不当に扱われたと感じた場合、自分のケースを主張し、**公平性**を達成する権利があります。
conservative
conservative
[形容詞]

supporting traditional values and beliefs and not willing to accept any contradictory change

保守的な, 伝統主義的な

保守的な, 伝統主義的な

Ex: The company adopted a conservative approach to risk management .同社はリスク管理に**保守的**なアプローチを採用しました。
social movement

a group of people working together in order to cause a social change or solve a social issue

社会運動, 集団行動

社会運動, 集団行動

feminist
feminist
[名詞]

a person who supports or advocates for the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes

Ex: Feminists have played a key role in advancing education for girls .
marital status

the state of being married, single, divorced, etc.

婚姻状況,  配偶関係

婚姻状況, 配偶関係

suffrage
suffrage
[名詞]

the right or privilege of casting a vote in public elections

選挙権, 投票権

選挙権, 投票権

Ex: Universal suffrage ensures that all adult citizens have the right to vote.**普通選挙**は、すべての成人市民が投票する権利を持つことを保証します。
political correctness

the use of language, behavior, or policies that are intended to avoid offense or discrimination towards certain groups of people

政治的正当性, 政治的に正しい

政治的正当性, 政治的に正しい

Ex: He was accused of lacking political correctness when he made a joke that offended several colleagues .彼は、いくつかの同僚を怒らせるジョークを言ったとき、**政治的正当性**に欠けていると非難されました。
femininity
femininity
[名詞]

the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for women

女性らしさ, 女性的な資質

女性らしさ, 女性的な資質

undeclared
undeclared
[形容詞]

not publicly stated or admitted

未申告の,  認められていない

未申告の, 認められていない

self-consciously

in a way that suggests embarrassment or worry about one's own actions or appearance

自意識的に,  恥ずかしそうに

自意識的に, 恥ずかしそうに

self-expression

the revealing of one's feelings or thoughts, especially through creative activities

自己表現, 感情の表出

自己表現, 感情の表出

to criticize
to criticize
[動詞]

to point out the faults or weaknesses of someone or something

批判する, 非難する

批判する, 非難する

Ex: It 's unfair to criticize someone without understanding the challenges they face .直面している課題を理解せずに誰かを**批判する**のは不公平です。
activism
activism
[名詞]

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

活動主義, 闘争

活動主義, 闘争

Ex: She has been involved in activism since her teenage years , advocating for gender equality and women 's rights .彼女は10代の頃から**活動主義**に関わり、男女平等と女性の権利を提唱しています。
objectification

the act of ignoring the rights or feelings of a person and treating them as mere objects

客体化,  物象化

客体化, 物象化

abortion
abortion
[名詞]

the intentional ending of a pregnancy, often done during the early stages

中絶

中絶

Ex: The medical team discussed the risks and benefits of abortion procedures with the patient before she made her decision .医療チームは、患者が決定を下す前に、**中絶**手術のリスクと利点について患者と話し合いました。
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