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建築と建設 - Plumbing System

ここでは、"下水"、"排水"、"配管"など、配管システムに関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
downspout
[名詞]

a vertical pipe attached to a building which carries away rainwater from the roof to the ground

雨どい, 垂直排水管

雨どい, 垂直排水管

Ex: The builder installed a downspout at each corner of the house to ensure proper water flow .建設業者は、適切な水流を確保するために家の各隅に**雨どい**を取り付けました。
sewer
[名詞]

a system of underground pipes and tunnels used to carry away used water and waste matter from houses, factories, etc.

下水道

下水道

Ex: The sewer inspector checked for cracks and leaks in the aging infrastructure to prevent contamination .**下水道**の検査官は、汚染を防ぐために老朽化したインフラのひび割れや漏れをチェックしました。
pipework
[名詞]

the pipes of a building or machine that carry water, gas, or oil

配管, パイプ網

配管, パイプ網

blockage
[名詞]

the obstruction or partial restriction of a passage, such as a pipe, duct, or pathway, preventing the smooth flow of air, fluid, or other substances

閉塞, ブロック

閉塞, ブロック

cesspit
[名詞]

an underground tank used for the temporary storage of sewage or wastewater

汚水溜め, 浄化槽

汚水溜め, 浄化槽

Ex: The construction team had to dig a new cesspit after the old one became too small for the growing property .建設チームは、成長する物件に対して古いものが小さすぎた後、新しい**汚水だめ**を掘らなければなりませんでした。
cutoff
[名詞]

a valve, gate, or device that is used to stop or control the flow of fluid or gas within a pipe or conduit

遮断弁, 遮断装置

遮断弁, 遮断装置

drain
[名詞]

a pipe in the bottom of a sink, bath, etc. through which dirty water flows out

排水口,  ドレン

排水口, ドレン

Ex: The bathroom drain emitted a foul odor, indicating a buildup of organic matter in the pipes.バスルームの**排水口**から悪臭が発生し、パイプ内に有機物が蓄積していることを示していました。
drainage
[名詞]

the process of removing excess water or other liquids from an area or system, typically through a network of pipes, channels, or natural slopes

排水, ドレナージ

排水, ドレナージ

Ex: The contractor ensured that the drainage around the building was designed to avoid any water damage .請負業者は、建物周辺の**排水**が水害を防ぐように設計されていることを確認しました。
drainpipe
[名詞]

a pipe installed in a building's plumbing system that carries wastewater or excess water away from the structure

排水管, 雨どい

排水管, 雨どい

duct
[名詞]

a hollow conduit or passage that is used for the distribution, circulation, or ventilation of air, gases, or other substances within a building or system

ダクト, 管

ダクト, 管

ducting
[名詞]

the system of pipes, channels, or conduits used to convey or distribute air, gases, or other substances within a building, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system, or industrial setup

ダクト, ダクトシステム

ダクト, ダクトシステム

Ex: The company is considering replacing the outdated ducting with a more energy-efficient option .会社は、時代遅れの**ダクトシステム**をよりエネルギー効率の高いオプションに置き換えることを検討しています。
fatberg
[名詞]

a large congealed mass or blockage in a sewer system that is primarily composed of fats, oils, grease, and non-biodegradable items that have been flushed down drains or toilets

fatberg, 脂肪の塊

fatberg, 脂肪の塊

Ex: It took several days and specialized equipment to remove the fatberg from the pipes .パイプから**fatberg**を取り除くのに数日と特殊な装置が必要でした。
faucet
[名詞]

an object that controls the flow of liquid or gas from a container or pipe

蛇口

蛇口

Ex: The outdoor faucet was used to connect the garden hose .屋外の**蛇口**は庭のホースを接続するために使用されました。
gutter
[名詞]

an open pipe that is attached beneath the edge of a building roof and carries rainwater away

雨どい, 軒樋

雨どい, 軒樋

Ex: She heard the sound of rainwater rushing through the gutter during the storm .彼女は嵐の間に雨どいを通って流れる雨水の音を聞いた。
main
[名詞]

a large pipe through which water or gas is carried to a building

本管, 主管

本管, 主管

Ex: They traced the issue back to a fault in the electrical main.彼らは問題を電気の**本管**の欠陥にまで遡った。
outfall
[名詞]

a point or location where water or another substance is discharged or flows out from a system, such as a drainage system, sewer, or wastewater treatment plant, into a body of water or the environment

放出口, 排水口

放出口, 排水口

Ex: The environmental group is monitoring the outfall for signs of pollution .環境グループは汚染の兆候を探すために**放出口**を監視しています。

a network of pipes, channels, and structures designed to collect and channel excess water, wastewater, or other liquids away from an area or a property

排水システム, 下水網

排水システム, 下水網

Ex: After the storm , the drainage system worked well , keeping the area dry .嵐の後、**排水システム**はうまく機能し、地域を乾燥させました。
leakage
[名詞]

the unintended or accidental escape or loss of a substance, typically a liquid or gas, from a container, system, or structure

漏れ, 漏出

漏れ, 漏出

Ex: They are investigating the leakage in the factory ’s cooling system .彼らは工場の冷却システムの**漏れ**を調査しています。
pipe
[名詞]

a cylindrical hollow tube or conduit typically made of metal, plastic, or other materials, used for the transportation of fluids, gases, or other substances from one place to another

パイプ, 管

パイプ, 管

Ex: The oil flowed through the underground pipe to the refinery .石油は地下の**パイプ**を通って製油所に流れました。
pipeline
[名詞]

a system of interconnected pipes used for the transport of liquids, gases, or other substances over long distances

パイプライン, 石油/ガスパイプライン

パイプライン, 石油/ガスパイプライン

water that is brought into a house, building, etc. through pipes

流水, 飲料水

流水, 飲料水

Ex: The installation of running water in rural areas has significantly improved health and quality of life for residents .農村地域への**水道**の設置は、住民の健康と生活の質を大幅に改善しました。
septic tank
[名詞]

an underground container that treats household wastewater by allowing solids to settle and separate from the liquid before further treatment or absorption into the soil

浄化槽, し尿タンク

浄化槽, し尿タンク

Ex: The family decided to upgrade their septic tank to a larger one to accommodate their growing household .家族は、成長する世帯に対応するために、**浄化槽**を大きなものにアップグレードすることに決めました。
sewage
[名詞]

the waste water and other liquid waste from homes, businesses, and factories, usually carried away through pipes and treated

下水,  汚水

下水, 汚水

Ex: Improper handling of sewage can lead to the spread of diseases .**下水**の不適切な処理は病気の蔓延を引き起こす可能性があります。
sluice
[名詞]

a channel or gate that is used to control or redirect the flow of water. It typically consists of a barrier that can be opened or closed to regulate the passage of water

水門, 堰

水門, 堰

spigot
[名詞]

a valve or tap that is used to control the release of water from a pipe or container

蛇口, バルブ

蛇口, バルブ

standpipe
[名詞]

a vertical pipe or fixture connected to a water supply system, typically equipped with valves or outlets, used for firefighting purposes or as a source of water in buildings

スタンドパイプ, 消火用立て管

スタンドパイプ, 消火用立て管

Ex: The standpipe on the street corner was used to wash cars and clean the sidewalk .街角の**スタンドパイプ**は車を洗ったり歩道を掃除したりするのに使われていました。
stopcock
[名詞]

a valve or faucet used to control or shut off the flow of water or other fluids in a plumbing system, typically located at a point where pipes connect or branch

止水栓, 遮断弁

止水栓, 遮断弁

Ex: Before beginning any plumbing work , make sure to turn off the stopcock to avoid flooding .配管工事を始める前に、洪水を避けるために**止水栓**を閉めることを確認してください。
valve
[名詞]

a mechanical device that controls or regulates the flow of fluids, such as liquids, gases, or slurries, by opening, closing, or partially obstructing passageways within a pipe or system

バルブ, 弁

バルブ, 弁

Ex: We need to close the valve to prevent flooding in the basement .地下室の浸水を防ぐために**バルブ**を閉める必要があります。
sump
[名詞]

a pit or reservoir typically found in the basement or lower level of a building that collects excess water or liquid, such as groundwater, rainwater, or wastewater

排水ピット, 集水槽

排水ピット, 集水槽

waste pipe
[名詞]

a pipe within a building's plumbing system that carries wastewater from plumbing fixtures, such as sinks, toilets, or showers, to the main drainage system or septic tank for proper disposal or treatment

排水管, 廃水管

排水管, 廃水管

Ex: Water from the shower drains into a waste pipe that leads outside .シャワーからの水は、外に通じる**排水管**に流れ込みます。
water main
[名詞]

a large underground pipe that delivers potable water from a water treatment plant or other water source to individual buildings or communities

水道本管, 上水道幹線

水道本管, 上水道幹線

Ex: The workers are digging up the street to repair the damaged water main.作業員は損傷した**水道本管**を修理するために道路を掘り返しています。
waterworks
[名詞]

the infrastructure and facilities responsible for supplying clean water and managing wastewater

水道施設, 給水システム

水道施設, 給水システム

plumbing
[名詞]

the system of pipes for the distribution of water in a building

配管, 配管システム

配管, 配管システム

Ex: The architect designed the building with modern plumbing systems to maximize water efficiency.建築家は、水の効率を最大化するために現代的な**配管**システムを備えた建物を設計しました。

a device or appliance connected to a plumbing system that is used for a specific function related to water supply or drainage

配管器具, 衛生設備

配管器具, 衛生設備

Ex: When building a house , it is important to select plumbing fixtures that suit both style and function .家を建てる際には、スタイルと機能の両方に合った**配管設備**を選ぶことが重要です。
pipe fitting
[名詞]

a component used in plumbing and construction to join, redirect, or control the flow of fluids or gases in a piping system

パイプフィッティング, 管継手

パイプフィッティング, 管継手

Ex: The contractor used several pipe fittings to complete the plumbing for the new house .請負業者は新しい家の配管を完成させるためにいくつかの**パイプフィッティング**を使用しました。
urinal
[名詞]

a plumbing fixture specifically designed for the purpose of urination. It is typically found in public restrooms and is designed to be used by males

小便器, 尿器

小便器, 尿器

Ex: The stadium installed new urinals to accommodate the large crowd during events .スタジアムはイベント中の大人数を収容するために新しい**小便器**を設置しました。
sink
[名詞]

a large and open container that has a water supply and you can use to wash your hands, dishes, etc. in

流し, 洗面台

流し, 洗面台

Ex: The utility sink in the laundry room was perfect for soaking stained clothing .洗濯室の**シンク**は、汚れた服を浸すのに最適でした。
laundry sink
[名詞]

a type of sink that is specifically designed for use in laundry rooms or areas where clothes are washed or laundered

洗濯場の流し, ランドリーシンク

洗濯場の流し, ランドリーシンク

Ex: The laundry sink is perfect for soaking stained clothes overnight .**洗濯シンク**は、汚れた服を一晩中浸すのに最適です。
toilet
[名詞]

the seat we use for getting rid of bodily waste

トイレ,  便器

トイレ, 便器

Ex: The children learned the importance of proper toilet etiquette during their potty training phase .子供たちは、トイレトレーニングの段階で適切な**トイレ**のエチケットの重要性を学びました。
shower
[名詞]

a piece of equipment that flows water all over your body from above

シャワー, シャワー室

シャワー, シャワー室

Ex: She turned on the shower and waited for the water to heat up .彼女は**シャワー**をオンにして、お湯が温まるのを待った。
male pipe
[名詞]

a type of pipe fitting that has external threads on the outer surface, designed to be inserted into a corresponding female pipe fitting with internal threads to create a secure and sealed connection for the flow of fluids or gases

雄管, 雄管継手

雄管, 雄管継手

Ex: When installing the new showerhead, make sure the male pipe is aligned correctly with the female connector.新しいシャワーヘッドを取り付ける際には、**雄管**が雌コネクタと正しく整列していることを確認してください。
female pipe
[名詞]

a type of pipe fitting that has internal threads on the inner surface, designed to receive and make a secure connection with a male pipe fitting that has external threads, allowing for the flow of fluids or gases

雌管, 雌管継手

雌管, 雌管継手

Ex: The water pressure was low because the female pipe was not properly connected to the main line.水圧が低かったのは、**メールパイプ**がメインラインに正しく接続されていなかったためです。
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