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this
[代名詞]
used when referring to a person or thing that was recently mentioned or one that is close in space or time
これ, この
Ex: This turned out to be a really entertaining film .**これは**本当に面白い映画だと判明した。
that
[代名詞]
used to identify a specific person or thing observed or pointed out by the speaker
あれ, それ
Ex: Is that your phone ringing ?**それ**はあなたの電話が鳴っていますか？
these
[代名詞]
used to indicate items or people that are nearby or in close proximity to the speaker
これら, これら
Ex: These are delicious .**これら**はおいしいです。
those
[代名詞]
used to point out or refer to specific people, things, or ideas that are at a distance from both the speaker and the listener
それら, あれら
Ex: Can you pass me those?**それら**を渡してもらえますか？
such
[代名詞]
used to refer back to someone or something previously mentioned
そのような, そういう
Ex: The weather forecast is uncertain , but if such predictions are true , we 'll need to prepare accordingly .天気予報は不確かですが、**そのような**予測が真実であれば、それに応じて準備する必要があります。
this
[限定詞]
used to refer to an object or person that is physically close to us
この, これ
Ex: This chair is comfortable to sit on .**この**椅子は座り心地が良い。
that
[限定詞]
used to refer to the more distant of two people or things near the speaker
あの, その
Ex: You hold this end and I 'll grab that end .あなたはこの端を持って、私は**あの**端をつかみます。
these
[限定詞]
used to refer to objects or people that are close to the speaker and the listener
これらの, これら
Ex: I need to return these pens to the store .私は**これらの**ペンを店に返す必要があります。
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