الضمائر وأدوات التعريف - الضمائر التوضيحية والمحددات

used when referring to a person or thing that was recently mentioned or one that is close in space or time

هذا, ذلك

used when referring to a person or thing that was previously mentioned or one that is not close in space or time

ذاك, ذلك (pronoun)

used to indicate items or people that are nearby or in close proximity to the speaker

هؤلاء, هؤلاء

used to point out or refer to specific people, things, or ideas that are at a distance from both the speaker and the listener

أولئك, هؤلاء

used to refer back to someone or something previously mentioned, implied, or exemplified to emphasize its quality, nature, or outcome

مثل هذا, مثل هؤلاء

used to refer to an object or person that is physically close to us

هذا, هذه

used to refer to an object or person that is physically away from us

ذلك, تلك

used to refer to objects or people that are close to the speaker and the listener

هؤلاء, هذه الزهور

used to indicate objects or people that are distant from the speaker and listener

تلك, تلك الأشجار