this
[代词]
used when referring to a person or thing that was recently mentioned or one that is close in space or time
这个, 这
Ex: Cooking requires careful attention to detail; this is especially important when baking.
烹饪需要仔细注意细节；这在烘焙时尤其重要。
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that
[代词]
used to identify a specific person or thing observed or pointed out by the speaker
那, 那个
Ex: That looks delicious, what is it?
那看起来很好吃，那是什么？
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[代词]
used to indicate items or people that are nearby or in close proximity to the speaker
这些, 这些
Ex: These belong on the top shelf.
这些属于顶层架子。
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[代词]
used to point out or refer to specific people, things, or ideas that are at a distance from both the speaker and the listener
那些, 这些
Ex: Those are beautiful.
那些很漂亮。
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[代词]
used to refer back to someone or something previously mentioned
这样的, 如此
Ex: He promised to support the project, and such was his commitment.
他承诺支持这个项目，如此便是他的承诺。
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[限定词]
used to refer to an object or person that is physically close to us
这个, 这
Ex: I need this key to open the door.
我需要这把钥匙来开门。
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that
[限定词]
used to refer to the more distant of two people or things near the speaker
那, 这
Ex: That cup is yours; this one is mine.
那个杯子是你的；这个是我的。
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