Pronouns and Determiners - Demonstrative Pronouns and Determiners

Demonstratives specify distance and number of the person or object they refer to.

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Pronouns and Determiners
this [pronoun]

used when referring to a person or thing that was recently mentioned or one that is close in space or time

Ex: This was the most delicious meal I 've ever had .
that [pronoun]

used to identify a specific person or thing observed or pointed out by the speaker

Ex: Look at that , it 's beautiful !
these [pronoun]

used to indicate items or people that are nearby or in close proximity to the speaker

Ex: These belong on the top shelf .
those [pronoun]

used to point out or refer to specific people, things, or ideas that are at a distance from both the speaker and the listener

Ex: Can you pass me those ?
such [pronoun]

used to refer back to someone or something previously mentioned

Ex: The proposal was well-received , and such approval encouraged further development .
this [determiner]

used to refer to an object or person that is physically close to us

Ex: I want to try this cake ; it looks delicious .
that [determiner]

used to refer to the more distant of two people or things near the speaker

Ex:
these [determiner]

used to refer to objects or people that are close to the speaker and the listener

Ex: I need to return these pens to the store .
those [determiner]

used to indicate objects or people that are distant from the speaker and listener

Ex: Can you bring me those books from the shelf ?