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自然科学 SAT - 天文学と航空宇宙科学

ここでは、SAT で合格するために必要な「彗星」、「フレア」、「軌道」など、天文学や航空宇宙科学に関連する英単語を学びます。

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
astronomer

a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

天文学者

天文学者

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[名詞]
astrophysicist

a scientist who studies the physical properties and phenomena of celestial objects and the universe as a whole

天体物理学者

天体物理学者

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[名詞]
planetarium

a device that simulates the motion and appearance of celestial objects such as planets, stars, and galaxies, typically using projectors and optical systems to depict the solar system and universe

プラネタリウム

プラネタリウム

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[名詞]
observatory

a building where scientists observe stars, meteors, the weather, etc. using equipment such as telescope

天文台

天文台

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[名詞]
celestial

related to or occurring in the sky or outer space

天上の

天上の

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[形容詞]
asteroid

any of the rocky bodies orbiting the sun, ranging greatly in diameter, also found in large numbers between Jupiter and Mars

小惑星

小惑星

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[名詞]
meteorite

a piece of rock or metal from space that has hit the surface of the earth

隕石

隕石

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[名詞]
supernova

an exploding star that as a result is emitting a very large amount of light, more than the sun

超新星

超新星

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[名詞]
constellation

a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

星座

星座

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[名詞]
comet

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

彗星(天文学)

彗星(天文学)

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[名詞]
white dwarf

a small, dense, and faint stellar remnant that is left after a medium-sized star exhausts the nuclear fuel in its core and undergoes gravitational collapse

白色矮星

白色矮星

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[名詞]
exoplanet

a planet that is outside the solar system

系外惑星

系外惑星

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[名詞]
asteroid belt

a region in the solar system located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, populated by numerous small celestial bodies called asteroids

小惑星帯

小惑星帯

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[名詞]
to orbit

to move around a star, planet, or a large object in space

軌道

軌道

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[動詞]
revolution

the motion of one celestial body around another in a fixed path or orbi

回転

回転

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[名詞]
ablation

the process by which the surface of an object, such as a comet or an asteroid, erodes or vaporizes due to the effects of solar radiation and other environmental factors

切除

切除

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[名詞]
corona

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

恒星コロナ

恒星コロナ

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[名詞]
flare

a sudden, brief burst of increased brightness observed from the sun's surface, usually accompanied by a burst of energy and radiation

フレアー

フレアー

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[名詞]
planetary

related to or characteristic of planets or the solar system

惑星の

惑星の

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[形容詞]
crater

a depression on the surface of a celestial body, formed by the impact of cosmic debris such as meteoroids or asteroids

クレーター

クレーター

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[名詞]
solar mass

a unit of mass used in astronomy, defined as the mass of the Sun

太陽質量

太陽質量

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[名詞]
extraterrestrial

relating to or originating from outside the Earth or its atmosphere

地球外の

地球外の

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[形容詞]
photosphere

the visible surface of a star, including the Sun, where energy is emitted as light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation

光球

光球

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[名詞]
to eclipse

to overshadow another astrological body

凌ぐ

凌ぐ

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[動詞]
annular eclipse

a type of solar eclipse where the moon, passing between the earth and the sun, appears smaller than the sun, creating a ring of sunlight around the darkened moon

金環食

金環食

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[名詞]
interstellar

situated or occurring between stars or within the space that exists between stars

星間

星間

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[形容詞]
Nebula

a glowing cloud of gas and dust in outer space, often the result of a star explosion or formation

星雲(ガスの雲)

星雲(ガスの雲)

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[名詞]
aurora

a natural light display in the Earth's polar regions, caused by the collision of charged particles from the sun with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere

オーロラ

オーロラ

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[名詞]
dwarf planet

a celestial body that orbits the Sun and has sufficient mass for its gravity to pull it into a nearly spherical shape

準惑星

準惑星

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[名詞]
tektite

a small, natural glassy object formed from terrestrial debris ejected during meteorite impacts, known for its smooth texture and found in strewn fields across the Earth's surface

テクタイト

テクタイト

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[名詞]
armillary sphere

a model of the celestial sphere, historically used to depict and study the positions of celestial objects, consisting of a series of hoops representing important circles in the sky

天球儀

天球儀

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[名詞]
aeronautics

the science and practice of designing, building, and operating aircraft, including airplanes and spacecraft

航空学

航空学

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[名詞]
spacecraft

a vehicle designed to travel in space

スペースクラフト

スペースクラフト

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[名詞]
to launch

to send an object, such as a satellite, missile, etc., into space

発射(ミサイルなど)

発射(ミサイルなど)

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[動詞]
launch pad

a designated area at a spaceport or rocket launch site where rockets or spacecraft are positioned and prepared for liftoff

発射台

発射台

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[名詞]
probe

an unmanned spacecraft used to gather information from space and send it back

プローブ

プローブ

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[名詞]
space shuttle

a vehicle designed and used to go to space and return multiple times

スペースシャトル

スペースシャトル

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[名詞]
rover

a robotic vehicle designed to move across the surface of a celestial body to conduct scientific experiments and gather data

海賊

海賊

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[名詞]
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