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SAT Natural Sciences - Astronomy and Aerospace Science

Here you will learn some English words related to astronomy and aerospace science, such as "comet", "flare", "orbit", etc. that you will need to ace your SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences

a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

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a scientist who studies the physical properties and phenomena of celestial objects and the universe as a whole

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a device that simulates the motion and appearance of celestial objects such as planets, stars, and galaxies, typically using projectors and optical systems to depict the solar system and universe

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celestial
[Adjective]

related to or occurring in the sky or outer space

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asteroid
[noun]

any of the rocky bodies orbiting the sun, ranging greatly in diameter, also found in large numbers between Jupiter and Mars

Ex: asteroids contain valuable minerals and resources that could be mined in the future .
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meteorite
[noun]

a piece of rock or metal from space that has hit the surface of the earth

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supernova
[noun]

an exploding star that as a result is emitting a very large amount of light, more than the sun

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a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

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comet
[noun]

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

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a small, dense, and faint stellar remnant that is left after a medium-sized star exhausts the nuclear fuel in its core and undergoes gravitational collapse

Ex: Although smallwhite dwarfs can be quite hot , emitting radiation across a broad spectrum including visible light .
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exoplanet
[noun]

a planet that is outside the solar system

Ex: Scientists use advanced telescopes and observatories to detect the faint signals exoplanets orbiting distant stars .
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a region in the solar system located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, populated by numerous small celestial bodies called asteroids

Ex: Some asteroids in asteroid belt occasionally cross Earth 's orbit , posing potential impact hazards that astronomers monitor closely .
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to orbit
[Verb]

to move around a star, planet, or a large object in space

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corona
[noun]

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

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flare
[noun]

a sudden, brief burst of increased brightness observed from the sun's surface, usually accompanied by a burst of energy and radiation

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planetary
[Adjective]

related to or characteristic of planets or the solar system

Ex: Planetary exploration missions , like those conducted by NASA and other space agencies , aim to study distant worlds .
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crater
[noun]

a depression on the surface of a celestial body, formed by the impact of cosmic debris such as meteoroids or asteroids

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extraterrestrial
[Adjective]

relating to or originating from outside the Earth or its atmosphere

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the visible surface of a star, including the Sun, where energy is emitted as light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation

Ex: The temperature of photosphere of a star like Sirius can reach over 10,000 degrees Celsius .
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to overshadow another astrological body

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a type of solar eclipse where the moon, passing between the earth and the sun, appears smaller than the sun, creating a ring of sunlight around the darkened moon

Ex: People travel to specific locations along the eclipse path to experience and photograph the unique spectacle of annular eclipse.
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interstellar
[Adjective]

situated or occurring between stars or within the space that exists between stars

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Nebula
[noun]

a glowing cloud of gas and dust in outer space, often the result of a star explosion or formation

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aurora
[noun]

a natural light display in the Earth's polar regions, caused by the collision of charged particles from the sun with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere

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tektite
[noun]

a small, natural glassy object formed from terrestrial debris ejected during meteorite impacts, known for its smooth texture and found in strewn fields across the Earth's surface

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a model of the celestial sphere, historically used to depict and study the positions of celestial objects, consisting of a series of hoops representing important circles in the sky

Ex: Today , modern replicas armillary spheres serve as educational tools in astronomy classrooms and planetariums .
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the science and practice of designing, building, and operating aircraft, including airplanes and spacecraft

Ex: The development of supersonic aircraft is a milestone in aeronautics.
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a vehicle designed to travel in space

Ex: After completing its mission , spacecraft re-entered Earth ’s atmosphere and safely returned with samples collected from space .
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to launch
[Verb]

to send an object, such as a satellite, missile, etc., into space

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a designated area at a spaceport or rocket launch site where rockets or spacecraft are positioned and prepared for liftoff

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a vehicle designed and used to go to space and return multiple times

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SAT Natural Sciences
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