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Ciencias Naturales SAT - Astronomía y Ciencia Aeroespacial

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la astronomía y la ciencia aeroespacial, como "cometa", "llamarada", "órbita", etc., que necesitarás para superar tus SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
astronomer
[Sustantivo]

a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

astrónomo

astrónomo

Ex: astronomers use computer simulations and mathematical models to predict celestial events and phenomena .Los **astrónomos** modernos utilizan simulaciones por computadora y modelos matemáticos para predecir eventos y fenómenos celestes.
astrophysicist
[Sustantivo]

a scientist who studies the physical properties and phenomena of celestial objects and the universe as a whole

astrofísico

astrofísico

Ex: Universities often astrophysicists to teach courses on stellar evolution and the structure of galaxies .Las universidades a menudo emplean a **astrofísicos** para impartir cursos sobre evolución estelar y la estructura de las galaxias.
planetarium
[Sustantivo]

a device that simulates the motion and appearance of celestial objects such as planets, stars, and galaxies, typically using projectors and optical systems to depict the solar system and universe

planetario, sala de proyección astronómica

planetario, sala de proyección astronómica

Ex: The planetarium software allowed astronomers to visualize complex astronomical phenomena like supernovae and black holes .El software del **planetario** digital permitió a los astrónomos visualizar fenómenos astronómicos complejos como supernovas y agujeros negros.
observatory
[Sustantivo]

a building where scientists observe stars, meteors, the weather, etc. using equipment such as telescope

observatorio

observatorio

celestial
[Adjetivo]

related to or occurring in the sky or outer space

celeste, astral

celeste, astral

Ex: Celestial coordinates , such as right ascension and declination , are used to locate objects in the night sky .Las coordenadas **celestes**, como la ascensión recta y la declinación, se utilizan para ubicar objetos en el cielo nocturno.
asteroid
[Sustantivo]

any of the rocky bodies orbiting the sun, ranging greatly in diameter, also found in large numbers between Jupiter and Mars

asteroide

asteroide

Ex: asteroids contain valuable minerals and resources that could be mined in the future .Algunos **asteroides** contienen minerales y recursos valiosos que podrían ser extraídos en el futuro.
meteorite
[Sustantivo]

a piece of rock or metal from space that has hit the surface of the earth

meteorito

meteorito

Ex: The study meteorites helps researchers understand the potential hazards of asteroids and comets .El estudio de los **meteoritos** ayuda a los investigadores a comprender los peligros potenciales de los asteroides y cometas.
supernova
[Sustantivo]

an exploding star that as a result is emitting a very large amount of light, more than the sun

supernova

supernova

Ex: Supernovae release enormous amounts of energy, producing heavy elements essential for planetary formation.Las **supernovas** liberan enormes cantidades de energía, produciendo elementos pesados esenciales para la formación planetaria.
constellation
[Sustantivo]

a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

constelación

constelación

Ex: constellation Cassiopeia forms a distinct " W " shape in the northern sky .La **constelación** Casiopea forma una distintiva forma de "W" en el cielo del norte.
comet
[Sustantivo]

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

cometa

cometa

Ex: The appearance of a comet in the night sky often attracts attention from amateur astronomers and stargazers alike .La aparición de un **cometa** brillante en el cielo nocturno a menudo atrae la atención de astrónomos aficionados y observadores de estrellas por igual.
white dwarf
[Sustantivo]

a small, dense, and faint stellar remnant that is left after a medium-sized star exhausts the nuclear fuel in its core and undergoes gravitational collapse

enana blanca, estrella enana blanca

enana blanca, estrella enana blanca

Ex: Although smallwhite dwarfs can be quite hot , emitting radiation across a broad spectrum including visible light .Aunque pequeñas, las **enanas blancas** pueden ser bastante calientes, emitiendo radiación a través de un amplio espectro que incluye la luz visible.
exoplanet
[Sustantivo]

a planet that is outside the solar system

exoplaneta, planeta extrasolar

exoplaneta, planeta extrasolar

Ex: Scientists use advanced telescopes and observatories to detect the faint signals exoplanets orbiting distant stars .Los científicos utilizan telescopios y observatorios avanzados para detectar las señales débiles de los **exoplanetas** que orbitan estrellas distantes.
asteroid belt
[Sustantivo]

a region in the solar system located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, populated by numerous small celestial bodies called asteroids

cinturón de asteroides, anillo de asteroides

cinturón de asteroides, anillo de asteroides

Ex: Some asteroids in asteroid belt occasionally cross Earth 's orbit , posing potential impact hazards that astronomers monitor closely .Algunos asteroides en el **cinturón de asteroides** ocasionalmente cruzan la órbita de la Tierra, lo que representa riesgos de impacto potenciales que los astrónomos monitorean de cerca.
to orbit
[Verbo]

to move around a star, planet, or a large object in space

orbitar

orbitar

Ex: The dwarf planet orbits the sun in a region of space known as the Kuiper Belt .El planeta enano Plutón **orbita** alrededor del sol en una región del espacio conocida como el cinturón de Kuiper.
revolution
[Sustantivo]

the motion of one celestial body around another in a fixed path or orbi

revolución, órbita

revolución, órbita

ablation
[Sustantivo]

the process by which the surface of an object, such as a comet or an asteroid, erodes or vaporizes due to the effects of solar radiation and other environmental factors

ablación, erosión por ablación

ablación, erosión por ablación

corona
[Sustantivo]

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

corona

corona

Ex: corona's magnetic fields contribute to the formation of solar prominences and eruptions .Los campos magnéticos de la **corona** contribuyen a la formación de prominencias y erupciones solares.
flare
[Sustantivo]

a sudden, brief burst of increased brightness observed from the sun's surface, usually accompanied by a burst of energy and radiation

llamarada, fulguración

llamarada, fulguración

Ex: Astronomers studied flare to understand solar activity .Los astrónomos estudiaron **la llamarada** para comprender la actividad solar.
planetary
[Adjetivo]

related to or characteristic of planets or the solar system

planetario, relacionado con los planetas

planetario, relacionado con los planetas

Ex: Planetary exploration missions , like those conducted by NASA and other space agencies , aim to study distant worlds .Las misiones de exploración **planetaria**, como las realizadas por la NASA y otras agencias espaciales, tienen como objetivo estudiar mundos distantes.
crater
[Sustantivo]

a depression on the surface of a celestial body, formed by the impact of cosmic debris such as meteoroids or asteroids

cráter, hondonada

cráter, hondonada

Ex: The impact that formed Meteor Crater in Arizona left a nearly perfectly preserved crater rim, offering insights into impact dynamics.El impacto que formó el **cráter** Meteor en Arizona dejó un borde de **cráter** casi perfectamente conservado, ofreciendo información sobre la dinámica de los impactos.
solar mass
[Sustantivo]

a unit of mass used in astronomy, defined as the mass of the Sun

masa solar, unidad de masa solar

masa solar, unidad de masa solar

relating to or originating from outside the Earth or its atmosphere

extraterrestre

extraterrestre

Ex: Some believe that crop circles are created by extraterrestrial beings.Algunos creen que los círculos de los cultivos son creados por seres **extraterrestres**.
photosphere
[Sustantivo]

the visible surface of a star, including the Sun, where energy is emitted as light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation

fotosfera, superficie visible de una estrella

fotosfera, superficie visible de una estrella

Ex: The photosphere marks the boundary between a star's opaque surface and its outer atmosphere.La **fotosfera** marca el límite entre la superficie opaca de una estrella y su atmósfera exterior.
to eclipse
[Verbo]

to overshadow another astrological body

eclipsar

eclipsar

Ex: The moon ’s passing in front of the sun caused it eclipse the sun ’s light completely for a few minutes .El paso de la luna frente al sol causó que **eclipsara** completamente la luz del sol por unos minutos.
annular eclipse
[Sustantivo]

a type of solar eclipse where the moon, passing between the earth and the sun, appears smaller than the sun, creating a ring of sunlight around the darkened moon

eclipse anular, eclipse solar anular

eclipse anular, eclipse solar anular

Ex: People travel to specific locations along the eclipse path to experience and photograph the unique spectacle of annular eclipse.La gente viaja a ubicaciones específicas a lo largo del camino del eclipse para experimentar y fotografiar el espectáculo único de un **eclipse anular**.
interstellar
[Adjetivo]

situated or occurring between stars or within the space that exists between stars

interestelar, intersideral

interestelar, intersideral

Ex: Interstellar communication explores the possibility of sending messages or signals between distant stars.La comunicación **interestelar** explora la posibilidad de enviar mensajes o señales entre estrellas distantes.
Nebula
[Sustantivo]

a glowing cloud of gas and dust in outer space, often the result of a star explosion or formation

nebulosa

nebulosa

Ex: The beautiful colors of the Eagle Nebula were captured by the space telescope.Los hermosos colores de la **nebulosa** del Águila fueron capturados por el telescopio espacial.
aurora
[Sustantivo]

a natural light display in the Earth's polar regions, caused by the collision of charged particles from the sun with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere

aurora

aurora

Ex: The indigenous people in polar regions often incorporate stories of aurora into their cultural narratives .Los pueblos indígenas en las regiones polares a menudo incorporan historias de la **aurora** en sus narrativas culturales.
dwarf planet
[Sustantivo]

a celestial body that orbits the Sun and has sufficient mass for its gravity to pull it into a nearly spherical shape

planeta enano, cuerpo celeste enano

planeta enano, cuerpo celeste enano

tektite
[Sustantivo]

a small, natural glassy object formed from terrestrial debris ejected during meteorite impacts, known for its smooth texture and found in strewn fields across the Earth's surface

tectita, vidrio meteorítico

tectita, vidrio meteorítico

Ex: Tektites can vary in size from tiny millimeters to several centimeters across .Las **tectitas** pueden variar en tamaño desde unos pocos milímetros hasta varios centímetros de diámetro.
armillary sphere
[Sustantivo]

a model of the celestial sphere, historically used to depict and study the positions of celestial objects, consisting of a series of hoops representing important circles in the sky

esfera armilar, armilar

esfera armilar, armilar

Ex: Today , modern replicas armillary spheres serve as educational tools in astronomy classrooms and planetariums .Hoy en día, las réplicas modernas de las **esferas armilares** sirven como herramientas educativas en las aulas de astronomía y los planetarios.
aeronautics
[Sustantivo]

the science and practice of designing, building, and operating aircraft, including airplanes and spacecraft

aeronáutica, ciencia aeronáutica

aeronáutica, ciencia aeronáutica

Ex: The development of supersonic aircraft is a milestone in aeronautics.El desarrollo de aviones supersónicos es un hito en la **aeronáutica** moderna.
spacecraft
[Sustantivo]

a vehicle designed to travel in space

nave espacial

nave espacial

Ex: After completing its mission , spacecraft re-entered Earth 's atmosphere and safely returned with samples collected from space .Después de completar su misión, la **nave espacial** reingresó a la atmósfera terrestre y regresó de manera segura con muestras recolectadas del espacio.
to launch
[Verbo]

to send an object, such as a satellite, missile, etc., into space

lanzar

lanzar

Ex: SpaceX is preparing launch another batch of Starlink satellites into low Earth orbit .SpaceX se está preparando para **lanzar** otro lote de satélites Starlink a la órbita terrestre baja.
launch pad
[Sustantivo]

a designated area at a spaceport or rocket launch site where rockets or spacecraft are positioned and prepared for liftoff

plataforma de lanzamiento, área de lanzamiento

plataforma de lanzamiento, área de lanzamiento

Ex: launch pad is equipped with fueling stations , support structures , and safety systems to facilitate rocket launches .La **plataforma de lanzamiento** está equipada con estaciones de combustible, estructuras de soporte y sistemas de seguridad para facilitar los lanzamientos de cohetes.
probe
[Sustantivo]

an unmanned spacecraft used to gather information from space and send it back

sonda espacial

sonda espacial

space shuttle
[Sustantivo]

a vehicle designed and used to go to space and return multiple times

transbordador espacial

transbordador espacial

Ex: Endeavour was one of the space shuttles used for scientific research and satellite deployment missions.**Endeavour** fue uno de los **transbordadores espaciales** utilizados para la investigación científica y las misiones de despliegue de satélites.
rover
[Sustantivo]

a robotic vehicle designed to move across the surface of a celestial body to conduct scientific experiments and gather data

rover, vehículo explorador

rover, vehículo explorador

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