人文科学 SAT - 社会科学

the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them

隔離, 分離

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

差別

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

民族性, 民族的所属

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

マイノリティ, 少数派

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

アクティビズム, ミリタント性

the capacity or power of an individual or entity to take action, make decisions, and influence or control their environment or circumstances

エージェンシー, 能力

a large group of people who are related to each other

クラン, 一族

a form of sociopolitical organization in which a centralized authority governs a community or a collection of communities

首長制, チーフダム

a cooperative or united group of individuals, entities, or elements working together for a common purpose or interest

コレクティブ, 集団

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

人口統計学的, デモグラフィック

the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and the expansion of urban areas

都市化, アーバニゼーション

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

文明, 社会

an organizational structure characterized by strict procedures, rules, and regulations designed to manage complex tasks or activities efficiently

官僚制度

the process through which individuals within a society or group learn and internalize behavior patterns, norms, values, and customs through interactions, education, and social experiences

社会化, ソーシャリゼーション

any of the basic freedoms or rights that protect individuals from unfair treatment and ensure equality under the law, regardless of race, gender, religion, disability, or other characteristics

市民権, 市民の権利

the situation or condition that is currently at hand

現状, ステータス・クォ

the process of developing and expanding industries within a region or country, involving the increased production of goods through the use of advanced machinery, technology, and organized labor

産業化, 産業化

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

貴族階級

kings and queens and any member of their families

王族, 王族のメンバー

a large, important city that serves as a significant economic, political, or cultural center for a region or country

大都市, メトロポリス

the basic physical structures and systems that support and enable the functioning of a society or organization, such as roads and bridges

インフラ, インフラストラクチャー

the state of being valid, justifiable, or morally acceptable

正当性, 合法性

the understanding that others have thoughts, feelings, and perspectives that are different from one's own

心の理論, メンタル理論

the deliberate and nonviolent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of a government or authority, typically as a form of protest

市民的不服従, 平和的抵抗

the behavior or attitude that does not follow established norms, conventions, or expectations within a society or group

非従属, 非適合

a person who has been rejected or excluded from a social group or society, often due to their behavior, beliefs, or social status

はぐれ者, アウトキャスト

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

難民, 女性難民

a local administrative unit in certain countries, functioning as the smallest division of government

コミューン

the outer areas or parts of a city or town

郊外, 外縁

a draining and stressful lifestyle that consists of constantly competing with others for success, wealth, power, etc. and so leaving no room for rest and pleasure

ネズミのレース, 疲れる競争社会

an area with a church of its own that is under the care of a priest

教区, 区域教会

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

カースト, カースト制度

a level or rank in an organization, profession, or society, indicating a person's status or authority within that hierarchy

階層, レベル

a person's social rank or position within a structured hierarchy or society

社会的地位, 階級

marked by discrimination against or prejudice toward individuals or groups based on their social class

階級主義的, 階級に基づく

having a low social rank or position, often characterized by modesty

謙虚な, 控えめな

referring to factors or conditions that involve both social and economic aspects

社会経済的, 社会-経済的

relating to a social system where men hold primary power and authority over women and families

父権的, パトリアカレ

relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land

先住民の, 土着の

involved in or related to helping people who are in need to improve their living conditions

人道的, 人道的な支援

including a wide range of people with different nationalities and cultures

国際的, 多文化の

referring to a vision of an ideal society, where everything is flawless or nearly perfect

ユートピア的な

advocating for social, political, or economic reform and improvement

進歩的な

displaying violent acts for the sake of a social or political aim

過激な, 武装した

characteristic of or relating to a residential area outside a city or town

郊外の, サバービア

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

疎外する, マージナライズする

to systematically collect and record demographic data about a population

国勢調査する, censusする

to integrate into a new environment, often by adopting its language, norms, values, and practices

同化する, 統合する

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

リハビリテーションする, 復帰させる