登录
the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them
隔离, 分离
the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others
歧视
a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society
少数派, 少数群体
the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives
激进主义, 活动主义
the capacity or power of an individual or entity to take action, make decisions, and influence or control their environment or circumstances
机构, 能力
a form of sociopolitical organization in which a centralized authority governs a community or a collection of communities
酋长制, 首长制
a cooperative or united group of individuals, entities, or elements working together for a common purpose or interest
集体, 合作体
the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity
人口统计特征, 人口类别
the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and the expansion of urban areas
城市化, 城镇化
a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place
文明, 社会
an organizational structure characterized by strict procedures, rules, and regulations designed to manage complex tasks or activities efficiently
官僚主义
the process through which individuals within a society or group learn and internalize behavior patterns, norms, values, and customs through interactions, education, and social experiences
社会化, 社交化
any of the basic freedoms or rights that protect individuals from unfair treatment and ensure equality under the law, regardless of race, gender, religion, disability, or other characteristics
公民权利, 公民权
the process of developing and expanding industries within a region or country, involving the increased production of goods through the use of advanced machinery, technology, and organized labor
工业化, 工业化
people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles
贵族
a large, important city that serves as a significant economic, political, or cultural center for a region or country
大都市, 城市中心
the basic physical structures and systems that support and enable the functioning of a society or organization, such as roads and bridges
基础设施, 基础结构
the understanding that others have thoughts, feelings, and perspectives that are different from one's own
心智理论, 心理理论
the deliberate and nonviolent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of a government or authority, typically as a form of protest
公民抗命, 和平抵抗
the behavior or attitude that does not follow established norms, conventions, or expectations within a society or group
不从众, 不合规范
a person who has been rejected or excluded from a social group or society, often due to their behavior, beliefs, or social status
被抛弃者, 被排斥者
a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.
难民, 女难民
a local administrative unit in certain countries, functioning as the smallest division of government
公社
a draining and stressful lifestyle that consists of constantly competing with others for success, wealth, power, etc. and so leaving no room for rest and pleasure
老鼠赛跑, 疲惫的生活方式
a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession
种姓, 种姓制度
a level or rank in an organization, profession, or society, indicating a person's status or authority within that hierarchy
等级, 层次
marked by discrimination against or prejudice toward individuals or groups based on their social class
阶级歧视的, 以阶级为基础的
referring to factors or conditions that involve both social and economic aspects
社会经济的, 社会-经济的
relating to a social system where men hold primary power and authority over women and families
父权的, 父权制的
relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land
土著的, 原住民的
involved in or related to helping people who are in need to improve their living conditions
人道的, 人道援助的
including a wide range of people with different nationalities and cultures
国际化的, 多元文化的
referring to a vision of an ideal society, where everything is flawless or nearly perfect
乌托邦的
to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance
边缘化, 轻视
to integrate into a new environment, often by adopting its language, norms, values, and practices
同化, 融入
to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.
重新融入, 康复
