登录
the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them
隔离
the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others
歧视
a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society
少数派
the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives
激进主义
the capacity or power of an individual or entity to take action, make decisions, and influence or control their environment or circumstances
机构
a form of sociopolitical organization in which a centralized authority governs a community or a collection of communities
酋长制
a cooperative or united group of individuals, entities, or elements working together for a common purpose or interest
集体
the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity
人口统计特征
the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and the expansion of urban areas
城市化
a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place
文明
an organizational structure characterized by strict procedures, rules, and regulations designed to manage complex tasks or activities efficiently
官僚主义
the process through which individuals within a society or group learn and internalize behavior patterns, norms, values, and customs through interactions, education, and social experiences
社会化
any of the basic freedoms or rights that protect individuals from unfair treatment and ensure equality under the law, regardless of race, gender, religion, disability, or other characteristics
公民权利
the process of developing and expanding industries within a region or country, involving the increased production of goods through the use of advanced machinery, technology, and organized labor
工业化
people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles
贵族
a large, important city that serves as a significant economic, political, or cultural center for a region or country
大都市
the basic physical structures and systems that support and enable the functioning of a society or organization, such as roads and bridges
基础设施
the understanding that others have thoughts, feelings, and perspectives that are different from one's own
心智理论
the deliberate and nonviolent refusal to obey certain laws, demands, or commands of a government or authority, typically as a form of protest
公民抗命
the behavior or attitude that does not follow established norms, conventions, or expectations within a society or group
不从众
a person who has been rejected or excluded from a social group or society, often due to their behavior, beliefs, or social status
被抛弃者
a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.
难民
a local administrative unit in certain countries, functioning as the smallest division of government
公社
a draining and stressful lifestyle that consists of constantly competing with others for success, wealth, power, etc. and so leaving no room for rest and pleasure
老鼠赛跑
a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession
种姓
a level or rank in an organization, profession, or society, indicating a person's status or authority within that hierarchy
等级
marked by discrimination against or prejudice toward individuals or groups based on their social class
阶级歧视的
referring to factors or conditions that involve both social and economic aspects
社会经济的
relating to a social system where men hold primary power and authority over women and families
父权的
relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land
土著的
involved in or related to helping people who are in need to improve their living conditions
人道的
referring to a vision of an ideal society, where everything is flawless or nearly perfect
乌托邦的
to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance
边缘化
to integrate into a new environment, often by adopting its language, norms, values, and practices
同化
to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.
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