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決定、提案、義務 - 決定と決議

ここでは、「アピール」、「デフォルトで」、「絶対的」など、決定と決議に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Decision, Suggestion, and Obligation
absolute
[形容詞]

(of a decision or decree) final and unlikely to change

絶対的な, 最終的な

絶対的な, 最終的な

Ex: The annulment of the marriage was declared absolute by the court .結婚の無効は裁判所によって**絶対的**と宣言されました。

the fact of being responsible for what someone does and being able to explain the reasons

説明責任, 責任

説明責任, 責任

Ex: The team leader accepted full accountability for the project 's failure .チームリーダーはプロジェクトの失敗に対する全責任を引き受けた。
accountable
[形容詞]

responsible for one's actions and prepared to explain them

責任がある, 説明責任を負う

責任がある, 説明責任を負う

Ex: Athletes are held accountable for their actions both on and off the field .アスリートは、フィールド内外での自分の行動に対して**責任**を負います。
acquittal
[名詞]

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

無罪判決, 放免

無罪判決, 放免

Ex: Following the acquittal, the defendant was released from custody and allowed to resume their normal life .**無罪判決**の後、被告は拘置から解放され、通常の生活を再開することが許可されました。
to adjudge
[動詞]

to declare something true or to be the case according to facts

宣言する, 判断する

宣言する, 判断する

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

裁定する, 審判する

裁定する, 審判する

Ex: Last month , the mediator was persistently adjudicating conflicts between the parties .先月、調停者は双方の間の紛争を粘り強く**裁定**していました。
adjudication
[名詞]

the act or process of making a formal decision about who is right in an argument or dispute

裁定, 決定

裁定, 決定

adjudicator
[名詞]

someone who makes a formal decision about who is right in an argument or dispute

審判者, 裁定者

審判者, 裁定者

Ex: In the competition , the adjudicator's judgment determined the winner .競技会では、**審判員**の判断が勝者を決定しました。
adoption
[名詞]

the action of starting to use a certain plan, name, method, or idea

採用, 受容

採用, 受容

Ex: The adoption of the new policy improved workplace efficiency and employee satisfaction .新しい政策の**採用**は、職場の効率と従業員の満足度を向上させました。
alternative
[名詞]

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

代替案,  選択肢

代替案, 選択肢

Ex: When the restaurant was full , we had to consider an alternative for dinner .レストランが満員だったとき、私たちは夕食の**代替案**を検討しなければなりませんでした。

as a second choice or another possibility

代替的に, 別の選択肢として

代替的に, 別の選択肢として

Ex: If the weather is unfavorable for outdoor activities , you can alternatively explore indoor entertainment options .屋外活動に適さない天候の場合、**代わりに**屋内の娯楽オプションを探求することができます。
appeal
[名詞]

a legal procedure in which a higher court is asked to review and overturn a lower court's decision

控訴

控訴

Ex: The Supreme Court agreed to hear the appeal.最高裁判所は**上告**を審理することに同意した。
to appeal
[動詞]

to make a formal request to change a decision that has been made by an authority such as a judge

上訴する, 抗告する

上訴する, 抗告する

Ex: The petitioner intends to appeal to a higher court to challenge the constitutionality of the statute .請願者は、法令の合憲性に異議を唱えるために、上級裁判所に**上訴**する意向です。
appellant
[名詞]

a person who appeals in a higher court against a decision made in a lower court

上訴人, 控訴人

上訴人, 控訴人

a special court that people can appeal against the decisions of lower courts

控訴裁判所, 上訴裁判所

控訴裁判所, 上訴裁判所

avenue
[名詞]

a possible way of tackling a problem or getting something done

手段, 解決策

手段, 解決策

award
[名詞]

an official decision based on which something is given to someone

賞,  表彰

賞, 表彰

Ex: The arbitration resulted in the award of significant damages to the injured party .仲裁の結果、負傷した当事者に重大な損害賠償が**授与**されました。
to award
[動詞]

to make a formal decision to give someone something valuable as a recognition of merit, achievement, or entitlement

授与する, 与える

授与する, 与える

Ex: The judge awarded custody to the mother .

used for saying that choosing out of the two possible options is not really going to make a difference as the result will be the same either way

Ex: The decision between the two candidates was as broad as it was long, with both possessing impressive qualifications and experience.
to bag
[動詞]

to make a decision to postpone something or to give up doing it

諦める, 延期する

諦める, 延期する

Ex: He was excited about pursuing a career in acting , but after a few failed auditions , he decided to bag the idea .彼は演技のキャリアを追求することに興奮していたが、いくつかの失敗したオーディションの後、そのアイデアを**諦める**ことに決めた。

used to suggest that in a state of desperation, one must accept whatever is available, rather than being selective or demanding

Ex: The unemployed man was offered a job that was not ideal, but he accepted it because beggars can't be choosers.

in a situation where both choices lead to an undesirable outcome

Ex: The politician was stuck between the devil and the deep blue sea, forced to decide between compromising their principles to appease their party or standing firm and risking their political career.

‌to do what one pleases, free of control and interference of others

Ex: She embraced the opportunity to be her own mistress by starting her own business, forging her own path in the entrepreneurial world.
blind test
[名詞]

a way of making a decision about a product's popularity or distinguishing features by trying different products, usually without knowing their name in order to state ones opinions or preferences

ブラインドテスト, 盲目試験

ブラインドテスト, 盲目試験

to be won a competition because there was no opposition

決定、提案、義務
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