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تصمیم، توصیه و اجبار - تصمیم‌گیری 1

در اینجا شما برخی از کلمات انگلیسی مربوط به تصمیم و قطعنامه مانند "درخواست تجدید نظر"، "به طور پیش فرض" و "مطلق" را یاد خواهید گرفت.

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آزمون

شروع یادگیری
Words Related to Decision, Suggestion, and Obligation
absolute
[صفت]

(of a decision or decree) final and unlikely to change

قطعی, بی‌چون‌وچرا

قطعی, بی‌چون‌وچرا

Ex: The annulment of the marriage was declared absolute by the court .ابطال ازدواج توسط دادگاه **قطعی** اعلام شد.
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the fact of being responsible for what someone does and being able to explain the reasons

مسئولیت, پاسخگویی

مسئولیت, پاسخگویی

Ex: The team leader accepted full accountability for the project 's failure .رهبر تیم **مسئولیت** کامل شکست پروژه را پذیرفت.
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accountable
[صفت]

responsible for one's actions and prepared to explain them

مسئول, پاسخگو

مسئول, پاسخگو

Ex: Athletes are held accountable for their actions both on and off the field .ورزشکاران در قبال اقدامات خود هم در زمین و هم خارج از آن **مسئول** هستند.
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acquittal
[اسم]

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

تبرئه

تبرئه

Ex: Following the acquittal, the defendant was released from custody and allowed to resume their normal life .پس از **تبرئه**، متهم از بازداشت آزاد شد و اجازه یافت به زندگی عادی خود بازگردد.
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to adjudge
[فعل]

to declare something true or to be the case according to facts

دانستن, فرض کردن، فتوی دادن

دانستن, فرض کردن، فتوی دادن

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to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

دعوی را استماع و قضاوت کردن, رسیدگی (قضایی) کردن

دعوی را استماع و قضاوت کردن, رسیدگی (قضایی) کردن

Ex: Last month , the mediator was persistently adjudicating conflicts between the parties .ماه گذشته، میانجی به طور پیوسته در حال **داوری** اختلافات بین طرفین بود.
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adjudication
[اسم]

the act or process of making a formal decision about who is right in an argument or dispute

رسیدگی قضایی, قضاوت

رسیدگی قضایی, قضاوت

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adjudicator
[اسم]

someone who makes a formal decision about who is right in an argument or dispute

قاضی, داور حقوقی

قاضی, داور حقوقی

Ex: In the competition , the adjudicator's judgment determined the winner .
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adoption
[اسم]

the action of starting to use a certain plan, name, method, or idea

اتخاذ, اقتباس

اتخاذ, اقتباس

Ex: The adoption of the new policy improved workplace efficiency and employee satisfaction .**تصویب** سیاست جدید به بهبود کارایی محل کار و رضایت کارکنان کمک کرد.
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alternative
[اسم]

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

جایگزین, گزینه

جایگزین, گزینه

Ex: When the restaurant was full , we had to consider an alternative for dinner .وقتی رستوران پر بود، مجبور شدیم یک **جایگزین** برای شام در نظر بگیریم.
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as a second choice or another possibility

متناوباً, در عوض

متناوباً, در عوض

Ex: If the weather is unfavorable for outdoor activities , you can alternatively explore indoor entertainment options .اگر هوا برای فعالیت‌های خارج از منزل نامساعد باشد، می‌توانید **به‌عنوان جایگزین** گزینه‌های سرگرمی در فضای داخلی را بررسی کنید.
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appeal
[اسم]

a legal procedure in which a higher court is asked to review and overturn a lower court's decision

استیناف, فرجام، تجدیدنظر

استیناف, فرجام، تجدیدنظر

Ex: The Supreme Court agreed to hear the appeal.دیوان عالی کشور موافقت کرد که به **فرجامخواهی** رسیدگی کند.
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to appeal
[فعل]

to make a formal request to change a decision that has been made by an authority such as a judge

اعتراض کردن

اعتراض کردن

Ex: The petitioner intends to appeal to a higher court to challenge the constitutionality of the statute .شاکی قصد دارد برای به چالش کشیدن قانون اساسی قانون، به دادگاه عالی **درخواست تجدید نظر** کند.
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appellant
[اسم]

a person who appeals in a higher court against a decision made in a lower court

فرجام‌خواه, استیناف‌دهنده

فرجام‌خواه, استیناف‌دهنده

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a special court that people can appeal against the decisions of lower courts

دادگاه استیناف, دادگاه واخواهی

دادگاه استیناف, دادگاه واخواهی

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avenue
[اسم]

a possible way of tackling a problem or getting something done

راه‌حل, راه

راه‌حل, راه

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award
[اسم]

an official decision based on which something is given to someone

اعطا

اعطا

Ex: The arbitration resulted in the award of significant damages to the injured party .داوری منجر به **اعطای** خسارات قابل توجه به طرف آسیب دیده شد.
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to award
[فعل]

to make a formal decision to give someone something valuable as a recognition of merit, achievement, or entitlement

اعطا کردن, دادن

اعطا کردن, دادن

Ex: The jury awarded the plaintiff a substantial sum in damages for the injuries sustained in the accident .هیئت منصفه به خواهان مبلغ قابل توجهی به عنوان خسارت برای صدمات ناشی از حادثه **اعطا** کرد.
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used for saying that choosing out of the two possible options is not really going to make a difference as the result will be the same either way

سروته‌یک‌کرباس

سروته‌یک‌کرباس

Ex: The decision between the two candidates was as broad as it was long, with both possessing impressive qualifications and experience.
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to bag
[فعل]

to make a decision to postpone something or to give up doing it

به تعویق انداختن, لغو کردن

به تعویق انداختن, لغو کردن

Ex: He was excited about pursuing a career in acting , but after a few failed auditions , he decided to bag the idea .
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used to suggest that in a state of desperation, one must accept whatever is available, rather than being selective or demanding

دندان اسب پیش‌کشی را نباید شمرد

دندان اسب پیش‌کشی را نباید شمرد

Ex: The unemployed man was offered a job that was not ideal, but he accepted it because beggars can't be choosers.
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in a situation where both choices lead to an undesirable outcome

در مواجهه با دو گزینه بد

در مواجهه با دو گزینه بد

Ex: The politician was between the devil and the deep blue sea, forced to decide between compromising their principles to appease their party or standing firm and risking their political career .
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‌to do what one pleases, free of control and interference of others

آزاد و مستقل بودن

آزاد و مستقل بودن

Ex: She embraced the opportunity be her own mistress by starting her own business , forging her own path in the entrepreneurial world .
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blind test
[اسم]

a way of making a decision about a product's popularity or distinguishing features by trying different products, usually without knowing their name in order to state ones opinions or preferences

آزمون کور, آزمایش چشمی

آزمون کور, آزمایش چشمی

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by default
[عبارت]

to be won a competition because there was no opposition

بدون رقابت, بدون حضور رقیب

بدون رقابت, بدون حضور رقیب

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تصمیم، توصیه و اجبار
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