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健康と病気 - 医学的状態

ここでは「アレルギー」「糖尿病」「不眠症」などの病状に関する英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
alcoholism

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

アルコール依存症

アルコール依存症

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[名詞]
allergy

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

アレルギー

アレルギー

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[名詞]
alopecia

a medical condition characterized by hair loss or baldness, which can occur on the scalp or other parts of the body

脱毛症

脱毛症

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[名詞]
amenorrhoea

the absence or abnormal cessation of menstruation in women of reproductive age

無月経

無月経

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[名詞]
amnesia

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

記憶喪失

記憶喪失

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[名詞]
anaphylactic shock

severe, life-threatening allergic reaction causing rapid onset, breathing difficulty, low blood pressure, and potential loss of consciousness

アナフィラキシーショック

アナフィラキシーショック

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[名詞]
anaphylaxis

severe and life-threatening allergic reaction with rapid and serious symptoms

アナフィラキシー

アナフィラキシー

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[名詞]
aphasia

a language disorder resulting from brain damage or injury that impairs an individual's ability to understand, produce, and use language

失語症

失語症

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[名詞]
arteriosclerosis

hardening and thickening of arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of cardiovascular issues

動脈硬化

動脈硬化

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[名詞]
brain death

complete and permanent loss of all brain functions, indicating irreversible cessation of activity

脳死

脳死

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[名詞]
catarrh

a medical condition during which mucus accumulates in one's nose, throat, or sinuses and blocks them

カタール

カタール

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[名詞]
cleft palate

a congenital condition where there is an opening or gap in the roof of the mouth, often present from birth

口蓋裂

口蓋裂

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[名詞]
congestion

a condition where an excess amount of blood or other fluid accumulates in a part of the body, leading to swelling or discomfort

充血

充血

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[名詞]
deep vein thrombosis

a severe medical condition caused by a blood clot that is formed in one or more of the deep veins in one's body, particularly in one's legs

深部静脈血栓症

深部静脈血栓症

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[名詞]
delirium tremens

a serious alcohol withdrawal condition causing confusion, hallucinations, and tremors

震えと精神錯乱

震えと精神錯乱

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[名詞]
diabetes

a serious medical condition in which the body is unable to regulate the blood sugar levels because it does not produce enough insulin

糖尿病

糖尿病

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[名詞]
coronary thrombosis

a severe medical condition during which a blood clot in a coronary artery causes a blockage in the flow of blood that leads to heart

冠状動脈血栓症

冠状動脈血栓症

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[名詞]
anemia

a condition in which the number of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin in one's body is low

貧血

貧血

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[名詞]
exposure

a medical condition caused by being out in extreme weather conditions for very long without protection to the effects of harsh weather

曝露

曝露

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[名詞]
fever

a condition when the body temperature rises, usually when we are sick

熱

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[名詞]
gallstone

a solid particle that forms in the gallbladder, often composed of cholesterol or bilirubin, causing pain or other symptoms

胆石

胆石

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[名詞]
gangrene

a chronic condition during which tissues in one's body die as a result of an obstruction in circulation or a bacterial infection

乾癬

乾癬

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[名詞]
hemorrhoids

swollen and painful veins in the lower part of the anus and rectum

痔

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[名詞]
heart failure

a medical condition where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention

心不全

心不全

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[名詞]
heatstroke

a serious condition that happens when the body gets too hot due to a lengthly exposure to high temperature

熱中症

熱中症

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[名詞]
hernia

a condition in which part of an organ squeezes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place

ヘルニア

ヘルニア

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[名詞]
bronchitis

a condition when the tubes that carry air to one's lungs get infectious

気管支炎

気管支炎

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[名詞]
hyperglycaemia

a medical condition characterized by higher than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or other underlying health issues

高血糖

高血糖

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[名詞]
hypoglycaemia

a medical condition characterized by lower than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or excessive insulin

低血糖

低血糖

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[名詞]
hypothermia

a medical condition where the body loses heat faster than it can generate it, resulting in a dangerously low body temperature

低体温

低体温

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[名詞]
hysteria

a medical condition in which a person suddenly feels extreme emotions or makes them violent in a way that they cannot control it

ヒステリー

ヒステリー

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[名詞]
immunodeficiency

a condition where the immune system is weakened, making the person more vulnerable to infections and illnesses

免疫不全

免疫不全

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[名詞]
insomnia

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

不眠症

不眠症

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[名詞]
malnutrition

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

栄養失調

栄養失調

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[名詞]
migraine

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

偏頭痛

偏頭痛

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[名詞]
narcolepsy

a neurological condition causing sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep, often accompanied by muscle weakness or vivid dreams

ナルコレプシー

ナルコレプシー

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[名詞]
necrosis

a type of cell death that occurs due to injury, infection, inflammation, or other forms of cellular stress

壊死

壊死

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[名詞]
obesity

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

肥満

肥満

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[名詞]
osteoporosis

a medical condition characterized by weakened bones, making them fragile and more prone to fractures

骨粗鬆症

骨粗鬆症

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[名詞]
paraplegia

a type of paralysis that affects the legs and the lower body as the result of spinal cord damage

下半身麻痺

下半身麻痺

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[名詞]
peptic ulcer

an open sore in the stomach or upper part of the small intestine caused by stomach acid erosion, often leading to abdominal pain and discomfort

消化性潰瘍

消化性潰瘍

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[名詞]
inflammation

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

炎症

炎症

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[名詞]
sepsis

a severe, life-threatening response to infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ failure

敗血症

敗血症

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[名詞]
slipped disc

a painful condition resulting from one of the discs in one's spine moving out of its proper position

椎間板ヘルニア

椎間板ヘルニア

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[名詞]
sudden infant death syndrome

the unexplained and sudden death of an otherwise healthy infant, usually during sleep

乳幼児突然死症候群

乳幼児突然死症候群

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[名詞]
thrombosis

a severe medical condition in which the blood clots and blocks the blood vessels, particularly those leading to one's heart

血栓症

血栓症

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[名詞]
fetal alcohol syndrome

a severe medical condition resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol during pregnancy that can cause the child to be born with birth defects and developmental disabilities

胎児性アルコール症候群

胎児性アルコール症候群

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[名詞]
laryngitis

a severe medical condition during which voice cords in one's voice box become painful and swollen, often resulting in loss of the voice or having difficulty breathing

喉頭炎

喉頭炎

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[名詞]
snow-blindness

a condition of being temporarily unable to see due to one's eyes being exposed to ultraviolet rays reflected off snow or ice

雪盲

雪盲

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[名詞]
breathlessness

a condition that makes one breath too fast or with difficulty

呼吸困難

呼吸困難

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[名詞]
cataract

a medical condition characterized by the progressive clouding or opacity of the lens of the eye, resulting in blurred vision

白内障

白内障

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[名詞]
toxemia

abnormal pregnancy condition marked by high blood pressure, swelling, and protein in the urine, often known as preeclampsia

毒血症

毒血症

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[名詞]
scurvy

a disease caused by severe lack of vitamin C

壊血病

壊血病

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[名詞]
emphysema

a chronic respiratory condition where the air sacs in the lungs are damaged, leading to difficulty in exhaling air and causing shortness of breath

肺気腫

肺気腫

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[名詞]
diarrhea

a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently

下痢

下痢

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[名詞]
atrophy

the gradual wasting away or shrinkage of a body tissue or organ, typically due to lack of use, injury, or a medical condition

萎縮

萎縮

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[名詞]
heart attack

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

心臓発作

心臓発作

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[名詞]
altitude sickness

an illness resulting from reduced air pressure and oxygen at high altitudes, causing symptoms like headache and nausea

高山病

高山病

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[名詞]
seasickness

wooziness and nausea caused by the rocking motion of a boat or ship

船酔い

船酔い

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[名詞]
sunstroke

an illness characterized by high fever and caused by prolonged exposure to excessive heat or sunlight

熱中症

熱中症

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[名詞]
stroke

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

脳卒中

脳卒中

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[名詞]
cardiac arrest

a sudden and abrupt loss of heart function, leading to the cessation of blood circulation and vital organ function

心停止

心停止

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[名詞]
myocardial infarction

a heart attack, occurring when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing damage or death to the affected tissue

心筋梗塞

心筋梗塞

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[名詞]
infarction

the death of tissue, typically caused by a lack of blood supply, leading to irreversible damage

梗塞

梗塞

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[名詞]
hemorrhage

an excessive and uncontrollable loss of blood from a damaged blood vessel

出血

出血

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[名詞]
pulmonary embolism

a condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot

肺塞栓症

肺塞栓症

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[名詞]
embolism

the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus which is a particle that travels through the bloodstream and blocks a vessel

塞栓症

塞栓症

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[名詞]
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