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Sănătate și Boală - Condiții Medicale

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de afecțiuni medicale precum "alergie", "diabet" și "insomnie".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
alcoholism
alcoholism
[substantiv]

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

alcoolism, dependenta de alcool

alcoolism, dependenta de alcool

Ex: Alcoholism can impact a person's career, relationships, and overall well-being. 
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allergy
allergy
[substantiv]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

alergie

alergie

Ex: Her peanut allergy is so severe that even a small amount can trigger a serious reaction. 
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alopecia
alopecia
[substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by hair loss or baldness, which can occur on the scalp or other parts of the body

alopecie

alopecie

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amenorrhoea
amenorrhoea
[substantiv]

the absence or abnormal cessation of menstruation in women of reproductive age

amenoree

amenoree

Ex: Stress and extreme weight loss can contribute to the development of amenorrhea. 
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amnesia
amnesia
[substantiv]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnezie

amnezie

Ex: After the car accident she experienced temporary amnesia and could not remember the afternoon before the crash. 
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anaphylactic shock
anaphylactic shock
[substantiv]

severe, life-threatening allergic reaction causing rapid onset, breathing difficulty, low blood pressure, and potential loss of consciousness

șoc anafilactic, reacție alergică severă

șoc anafilactic, reacție alergică severă

Ex: Jane experienced anaphylactic shock after eating peanuts, to which she was severely allergic. 
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anaphylaxis
anaphylaxis
[substantiv]

severe and life-threatening allergic reaction with rapid and serious symptoms

anafilaxie, reacție anafilactică

anafilaxie, reacție anafilactică

Ex: Mark's bee sting caused anaphylaxis with swelling and breathing difficulty. 
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aphasia
aphasia
[substantiv]

a neurological disorder affecting language comprehension or production

afazie, afazie

afazie, afazie

Ex: After the stroke, he developed aphasia and struggled to form sentences. 
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arteriosclerosis
arteriosclerosis
[substantiv]

hardening and thickening of arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of cardiovascular issues

arterioscleroză

arterioscleroză

Ex: Smoking and high cholesterol contribute to the development of arteriosclerosis. 
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brain death
brain death
[substantiv]

complete and permanent loss of all brain functions, indicating irreversible cessation of activity

moarte cerebrală, deces cerebral

moarte cerebrală, deces cerebral

Ex: The medical team confirmed brain death when no brain activity was detected on multiple tests. 
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catarrh
catarrh
[substantiv]

a medical condition during which mucus accumulates in one's nose, throat, or sinuses and blocks them

catar, răceală

catar, răceală

Ex: She suffered from persistent catarrh, experiencing a constant runny nose and throat irritation. 
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cleft palate
cleft palate
[substantiv]

a congenital condition where there is an opening or gap in the roof of the mouth, often present from birth

fisura palatina, buza de iepure

fisura palatina, buza de iepure

Ex: Baby Emma was born with a cleft palate, requiring surgical correction. 
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congestion
congestion
[substantiv]

a condition where an excess amount of blood or other fluid accumulates in a part of the body, leading to swelling or discomfort

congestie, umflătură

congestie, umflătură

Ex: Nasal congestion made it difficult for him to breathe comfortably, especially at night. 
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deep vein thrombosis

a severe medical condition caused by a blood clot that is formed in one or more of the deep veins in one's body, particularly in one's legs

tromboza venoasa profunda, DVT

tromboza venoasa profunda, DVT

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delirium tremens
delirium tremens
[substantiv]

a serious alcohol withdrawal condition causing confusion, hallucinations, and tremors

delirium tremens, delir tremurant

delirium tremens, delir tremurant

Ex: Delirium tremens can be life-threatening, requiring immediate medical attention. 
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diabetes
diabetes
[substantiv]

a serious medical condition in which the body is unable to regulate the blood sugar levels because it does not produce enough insulin

diabet

diabet

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coronary thrombosis

a severe medical condition during which a blood clot in a coronary artery causes a blockage in the flow of blood that leads to heart

tromboză coronariană, ocluzie coronariană

tromboză coronariană, ocluzie coronariană

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anemia
anemia
[substantiv]

a condition in which the number of healthy red blood cells in one's body is low

anemie, anemie

anemie, anemie

Ex: The patient was diagnosed with anemia after blood tests. 
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exposure
exposure
[substantiv]

a medical condition caused by prolonged contact with extreme weather, such as heat or cold, without protection

expunere, expunere prelungită

expunere, expunere prelungită

Ex: Hikers suffered from cold exposure during the blizzard. 
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fever
fever
[substantiv]

a condition when the body temperature rises, usually when we are sick

febră, temperatură

febră, temperatură

Ex: A fever is one of the common symptoms of the flu. 
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gallstone
gallstone
[substantiv]

a solid particle that forms in the gallbladder, often composed of cholesterol or bilirubin, causing pain or other symptoms

calcul biliar, piatră la vezica biliară

calcul biliar, piatră la vezica biliară

Ex: Susan experienced intense pain due to a gallstone blocking a bile duct. 
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gangrene
gangrene
[substantiv]

a chronic condition during which tissues in one's body die as a result of an obstruction in circulation or a bacterial infection

gangrenă, necroză

gangrenă, necroză

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hemorrhoids
hemorrhoids
[substantiv]

swollen and painful veins in the lower part of the anus and rectum

hemoroizi

hemoroizi

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heart failure
heart failure
[substantiv]

a medical condition where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention

insuficiență cardiacă

insuficiență cardiacă

Ex: Mary was diagnosed with heart failure after experiencing persistent fatigue and difficulty breathing. 
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heatstroke
heatstroke
[substantiv]

a serious condition that happens when the body gets too hot due to a lengthly exposure to high temperature

insolație, șoc termic

insolație, șoc termic

Ex: She was rushed to the hospital after suffering from heatstroke during the marathon. 
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hernia
hernia
[substantiv]

a condition in which part of an organ squeezes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place

hernie

hernie

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bronchitis
bronchitis
[substantiv]

a condition when the tubes that carry air to one's lungs get infectious

bronșită

bronșită

Ex: Smoking can increase the risk of developing chronic bronchitis and other respiratory problems. 
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hyperglycaemia
hyperglycaemia
[substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by higher than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or other underlying health issues

hiperglicemie, nivel ridicat de zahăr în sânge

hiperglicemie, nivel ridicat de zahăr în sânge

Ex: Jane's persistent thirst and frequent urination were signs of hyperglycemia related to diabetes. 
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hypoglycaemia
hypoglycaemia
[substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by lower than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or excessive insulin

hipoglicemie

hipoglicemie

Ex: Hypoglycemia symptoms may include confusion, sweating, and irritability. 
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hypothermia
hypothermia
[substantiv]

a medical condition where the body loses heat faster than it can generate it, resulting in a dangerously low body temperature

hipotermie, răcire excesivă

hipotermie, răcire excesivă

Ex: After falling into icy water, Jack developed hypothermia, experiencing shivering and confusion. 
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hysteria
hysteria
[substantiv]

a medical condition in which a person suddenly feels extreme emotions or makes them violent in a way that they cannot control it

isterie

isterie

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immunodeficiency
immunodeficiency
[substantiv]

a condition where the immune system is weakened, making the person more vulnerable to infections and illnesses

imunodeficiență

imunodeficiență

Ex: Immunodeficiency disorders can be inherited or acquired, affecting the body's ability to fight infections. 
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insomnia
insomnia
[substantiv]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

insomnie, tulburare de somn

insomnie, tulburare de somn

Ex: After several weeks of stress at work, she began to suffer from insomnia, making it difficult to concentrate during the day. 
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malnutrition
malnutrition
[substantiv]

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

malnutriție, subnutriție

malnutriție, subnutriție

Ex: Malnutrition remains a pressing global health issue, particularly affecting children in developing countries. 
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migraine
migraine
[substantiv]

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

migrenă, durere de cap

migrenă, durere de cap

Ex: She had to lie down in a dark room because of her migraine. 
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narcolepsy
narcolepsy
[substantiv]

a neurological condition causing sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep, often accompanied by muscle weakness or vivid dreams

narcolepsie, boala somnului

narcolepsie, boala somnului

Ex: Jane's narcolepsy caused her to unexpectedly fall asleep during daily activities, affecting her work. 
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necrosis
necrosis
[substantiv]

a type of cell death that occurs due to injury, infection, inflammation, or other forms of cellular stress

necroză, moartea celulară necrotică

necroză, moartea celulară necrotică

Ex: The doctor diagnosed necrosis in the patient's limbs, which had turned black and blue due to lack of blood flow. 
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obesity
obesity
[substantiv]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obezitate, supraponderalitate

obezitate, supraponderalitate

Ex: Obesity rates have been steadily rising worldwide, becoming a major public health concern in many countries. 
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osteoporosis
osteoporosis
[substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by weakened bones, making them fragile and more prone to fractures

osteoporoză

osteoporoză

Ex: Jane was diagnosed with osteoporosis after a bone density test revealed low bone mass. 
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paraplegia
paraplegia
[substantiv]

a type of paralysis that affects the legs and the lower body as the result of spinal cord damage

paraplegie

paraplegie

Ex: The accident resulted in paraplegia, leaving him unable to walk. 
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peptic ulcer
peptic ulcer
[substantiv]

an open sore in the stomach or upper part of the small intestine caused by stomach acid erosion, often leading to abdominal pain and discomfort

ulcer peptic, ulcer gastric

ulcer peptic, ulcer gastric

Ex: John experienced abdominal pain and bloating, leading to the diagnosis of a peptic ulcer. 
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inflammation
inflammation
[substantiv]

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

inflamație

inflamație

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sepsis
sepsis
[substantiv]

a severe, life-threatening response to infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ failure

sepsă

sepsă

Ex: Tim was hospitalized with sepsis after an untreated infection spread throughout his body. 
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slipped disc
slipped disc
[substantiv]

a painful condition resulting from one of the discs in one's spine moving out of its proper position

hernie de disc, disc alunecat

hernie de disc, disc alunecat

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sudden infant death syndrome

the unexplained and sudden death of an otherwise healthy infant, usually during sleep

sindromul morții subite a sugarului, moartea subită a sugarului

sindromul morții subite a sugarului, moartea subită a sugarului

Ex: SIDS is a devastating event where an infant dies unexpectedly and without any apparent cause 
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thrombosis
thrombosis
[substantiv]

a severe medical condition in which the blood clots and blocks the blood vessels, particularly those leading to one's heart

tromboză, cheag de sânge

tromboză, cheag de sânge

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fetal alcohol syndrome

a severe medical condition resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol during pregnancy that can cause the child to be born with birth defects and developmental disabilities

sindromul fetal al alcoolului, SFA

sindromul fetal al alcoolului, SFA

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laryngitis
laryngitis
[substantiv]

a severe medical condition during which voice cords in one's voice box become painful and swollen, often resulting in loss of the voice or having difficulty breathing

laringită, inflamația laringelui

laringită, inflamația laringelui

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snow-blindness
snow-blindness
[substantiv]

a condition of being temporarily unable to see due to one's eyes being exposed to ultraviolet rays reflected off snow or ice

orbirea de zăpadă, oftalmia de zăpadă

orbirea de zăpadă, oftalmia de zăpadă

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breathlessness
breathlessness
[substantiv]

a condition that makes one breath too fast or with difficulty

dispnee, respirație dificilă

dispnee, respirație dificilă

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cataract
cataract
[substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by the progressive clouding or opacity of the lens of the eye, resulting in blurred vision

cataractă, opacitate a cristalinului

cataractă, opacitate a cristalinului

Ex: Dorothy's vision had become quite blurry as she developed advanced cataracts in both eyes. 
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toxemia
toxemia
[substantiv]

abnormal pregnancy condition marked by high blood pressure, swelling, and protein in the urine, often known as preeclampsia

toxemie, preeclampsie

toxemie, preeclampsie

Ex: Mary was diagnosed with toxemia during pregnancy. 
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scurvy
scurvy
[substantiv]

a disease caused by severe lack of vitamin C

scorbut, boală cauzată de o deficiență severă de vitamină C

scorbut, boală cauzată de o deficiență severă de vitamină C

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emphysema
emphysema
[substantiv]

a chronic respiratory condition where the air sacs in the lungs are damaged, leading to difficulty in exhaling air and causing shortness of breath

emfizem

emfizem

Ex: Smoking is a major risk factor for developing emphysema, a condition that affects the lungs. 
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diarrhea
diarrhea
[substantiv]

a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently

diaree, dizenterie

diaree, dizenterie

Ex: Diarrhea is characterized by loose, watery stools occurring frequently throughout the day. 
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atrophy
atrophy
[substantiv]

the gradual wasting away or shrinkage of a body tissue or organ, typically due to lack of use, injury, or a medical condition

atrofie, degenerare

atrofie, degenerare

Ex: Prolonged immobilization can lead to muscle atrophy, causing weakness and loss of function. 
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heart attack
heart attack
[substantiv]

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

atac de cord, infarct miocardic

atac de cord, infarct miocardic

Ex: He felt a sharp pain in his chest and was rushed to the hospital with a suspected heart attack. 
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altitude sickness
altitude sickness
[substantiv]

an illness resulting from reduced air pressure and oxygen at high altitudes, causing symptoms like headache and nausea

boala altitudinii

boala altitudinii

Ex: Climbers ascending rapidly may experience altitude sickness due to the thin air at higher elevations. 
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seasickness
seasickness
[substantiv]

wooziness and nausea caused by the rocking motion of a boat or ship

rău de mare, grețuri cauzate de mișcarea navei

rău de mare, grețuri cauzate de mișcarea navei

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sunstroke
sunstroke
[substantiv]

an illness characterized by high fever and caused by prolonged exposure to excessive heat or sunlight

insolație, șoc termic

insolație, șoc termic

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stroke
stroke
[substantiv]

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

accident vascular cerebral, AVC

accident vascular cerebral, AVC

Ex: A stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain either becomes blocked (ischemic stroke) or bursts (hemorrhagic stroke). 
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cardiac arrest
cardiac arrest
[substantiv]

a sudden and abrupt loss of heart function, leading to the cessation of blood circulation and vital organ function

stop cardiac

stop cardiac

Ex: Common causes of cardiac arrest include heart attack, arrhythmias, and respiratory failure. 
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myocardial infarction

a heart attack, occurring when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing damage or death to the affected tissue

infarct miocardic, atac de cord

infarct miocardic, atac de cord

Ex: John experienced chest pain and shortness of breath, signaling a possible myocardial infarction. 
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infarction
infarction
[substantiv]

the death of tissue, typically caused by a lack of blood supply, leading to irreversible damage

infarct

infarct

Ex: Infarction can have severe consequences, highlighting the importance of preventive measures and early treatment. 
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hemorrhage
hemorrhage
[substantiv]

an excessive and uncontrollable loss of blood from a damaged blood vessel

hemoragie

hemoragie

Ex: The doctor was able to stop the hemorrhage and save the patient's life. 
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pulmonary embolism
pulmonary embolism
[substantiv]

a condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot

embolie pulmonară

embolie pulmonară

Ex: She was rushed to the hospital with a pulmonary embolism. 
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embolism
embolism
[substantiv]

the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus which is a particle that travels through the bloodstream and blocks a vessel

embolie, ocluzie vasculară

embolie, ocluzie vasculară

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