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Hälsa och Sjukdom - Medicinska Tillstånd

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till medicinska tillstånd såsom "allergi", "diabetes" och "sömnlöshet".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
alcoholism
alcoholism
[Substantiv]

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

alkoholism, alkoholmissbruk

alkoholism, alkoholmissbruk

Ex: Research has shown a correlation between stress and an increased risk of alcoholism. 

Forskning har visat ett samband mellan stress och en ökad risk för alkoholism.

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allergy
allergy
[Substantiv]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

allergi

allergi

Ex: The child's allergy to pollen causes him to have severe hay fever symptoms every spring. 

Barnets allergi mot pollen orsakar honom allvarliga hösnuvesymtom varje vår.

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alopecia
alopecia
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by hair loss or baldness, which can occur on the scalp or other parts of the body

alopeci

alopeci

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amenorrhoea
amenorrhoea
[Substantiv]

the absence or abnormal cessation of menstruation in women of reproductive age

amenorré

amenorré

Ex: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder associated with amenorrhea. 

Polycystiskt ovariesyndrom (PCOS) är en vanlig hormonell störning som är förknippad med amenorré.

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amnesia
amnesia
[Substantiv]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnesi

amnesi

Ex: Heavy alcohol use led to an episode of blackout amnesia during which he remembered nothing of the evening. 

Tung alkoholanvändning ledde till en episod av amnesi med svimning under vilken han inte kom ihåg något från kvällen.

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anaphylactic shock
anaphylactic shock
[Substantiv]

severe, life-threatening allergic reaction causing rapid onset, breathing difficulty, low blood pressure, and potential loss of consciousness

anafylaktisk chock, allvarlig allergisk reaktion

anafylaktisk chock, allvarlig allergisk reaktion

Ex: Those with known allergies may carry an epinephrine auto-injector to use in the event of anaphylactic shock. 

De med kända allergier kan bära en epinefrin auto-injektor att använda vid anafylaktisk chock.

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anaphylaxis
anaphylaxis
[Substantiv]

severe and life-threatening allergic reaction with rapid and serious symptoms

anafylaxi, anafylaktisk reaktion

anafylaxi, anafylaktisk reaktion

Ex: Tom's latex glove allergy triggered anaphylaxis with facial swelling. 

Toms latexhandskallergi utlöste anafylaxi med ansiktsvällning.

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aphasia
aphasia
[Substantiv]

a neurological disorder affecting language comprehension or production

afasi, afasi

afasi, afasi

Ex: Children can develop temporary aphasia after brain trauma. 

Barn kan utveckla tillfällig afasi efter hjärntrauma.

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arteriosclerosis
arteriosclerosis
[Substantiv]

hardening and thickening of arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of cardiovascular issues

åderförkalkning

åderförkalkning

Ex: The doctor recommended medication to manage blood pressure and reduce arteriosclerosis progression. 

Läkaren rekommenderade medicinering för att hantera blodtrycket och minska progressionen av arterioskleros.

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brain death
brain death
[Substantiv]

complete and permanent loss of all brain functions, indicating irreversible cessation of activity

hjärndöd, hjärnans död

hjärndöd, hjärnans död

Ex: Brain death is different from a coma, as it represents the complete absence of brain function. 

Hjärndöd skiljer sig från koma, eftersom det representerar en fullständig avsaknad av hjärnfunktion.

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catarrh
catarrh
[Substantiv]

a medical condition during which mucus accumulates in one's nose, throat, or sinuses and blocks them

katarr, förkylning

katarr, förkylning

Ex: Chronic catarrh can be bothersome, causing nasal congestion and frequent throat clearing. 

Kronisk katarr kan vara besvärligt, orsakar näpptäppa och frekvent harkling.

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cleft palate
cleft palate
[Substantiv]

a congenital condition where there is an opening or gap in the roof of the mouth, often present from birth

gomspalt, läpp-käft-gomspalt

gomspalt, läpp-käft-gomspalt

Ex: The surgical repair of a cleft palate is typically performed during early infancy. 

Den kirurgiska reparationen av en gomspalt utförs vanligtvis under tidig spädbarnsålder.

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congestion
congestion
[Substantiv]

a condition where an excess amount of blood or other fluid accumulates in a part of the body, leading to swelling or discomfort

stockning, svullnad

stockning, svullnad

Ex: Steam inhalation is a natural remedy that can help alleviate chest congestion and improve breathing. 

Ånginhalation är ett naturligt botemedel som kan hjälpa till att lindra stockning i bröstet och förbättra andningen.

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deep vein thrombosis

a severe medical condition caused by a blood clot that is formed in one or more of the deep veins in one's body, particularly in one's legs

djup ventrombos, DVT

djup ventrombos, DVT

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delirium tremens
delirium tremens
[Substantiv]

a serious alcohol withdrawal condition causing confusion, hallucinations, and tremors

delirium tremens, ryckningsdelirium

delirium tremens, ryckningsdelirium

Ex: The nurse recognized the early signs of delirium tremens and alerted the medical team. 

Sjuksköterskan kände igen de tidiga tecknen på delirium tremens och varnade det medicinska teamet.

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diabetes
diabetes
[Substantiv]

a serious medical condition in which the body is unable to regulate the blood sugar levels because it does not produce enough insulin

diabetes

diabetes

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coronary thrombosis

a severe medical condition during which a blood clot in a coronary artery causes a blockage in the flow of blood that leads to heart

koronar trombos, koronar blockering

koronar trombos, koronar blockering

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anemia
anemia
[Substantiv]

a condition in which the number of healthy red blood cells in one's body is low

anemi, blodbrist

anemi, blodbrist

Ex: She experienced shortness of breath due to anemia. 

Hon upplevde andnöd på grund av anemi.

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exposure
exposure
[Substantiv]

a harmful medical condition caused by being without adequate protection from severe cold for too long

nedkylning,  hypotermi

nedkylning, hypotermi

Ex: The rescue team found him weak and showing signs of exposure. 
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fever
fever
[Substantiv]

a condition when the body temperature rises, usually when we are sick

feber, temperatur

feber, temperatur

Ex: She took medicine to bring down her fever. 

Hon tog medicin för att sänka sin feber.

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gallstone
gallstone
[Substantiv]

a solid particle that forms in the gallbladder, often composed of cholesterol or bilirubin, causing pain or other symptoms

gallsten, gallblåsesten

gallsten, gallblåsesten

Ex: Surgical removal of the gallbladder is a common treatment for severe or recurrent gallstones. 

Kirurgisk borttagning av gallblåsan är en vanlig behandling för allvarliga eller återkommande gallsten.

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gangrene
gangrene
[Substantiv]

a chronic condition during which tissues in one's body die as a result of an obstruction in circulation or a bacterial infection

gangrän, nekros

gangrän, nekros

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hemorrhoids
hemorrhoids
[Substantiv]

swollen and painful veins in the lower part of the anus and rectum

hemorrojder

hemorrojder

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heart failure
heart failure
[Substantiv]

a medical condition where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention

hjärtsvikt

hjärtsvikt

Ex: Treatment for heart failure may include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery. 

Behandling av hjärtsvikt kan inkludera läkemedel, livsstilsförändringar och i vissa fall kirurgi.

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heatstroke
heatstroke
[Substantiv]

a serious condition that happens when the body gets too hot due to a lengthly exposure to high temperature

värmeslag, solsting

värmeslag, solsting

Ex: He collapsed from heatstroke while working in the sun for hours. 

Han kollapsade av värmeslag medan han arbetade i solen i flera timmar.

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hernia
hernia
[Substantiv]

a condition in which part of an organ squeezes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place

bråck

bråck

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bronchitis
bronchitis
[Substantiv]

a condition when the tubes that carry air to one's lungs get infectious

bronkit

bronkit

Ex: After weeks of a persistent cough, the doctor diagnosed him with bronchitis. 

Efter veckor av ihållande hosta diagnostiserade läkaren honom med bronkit.

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hyperglycaemia
hyperglycaemia
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by higher than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or other underlying health issues

hyperglykemi, högt blodsocker

hyperglykemi, högt blodsocker

Ex: Untreated hyperglycemia can lead to complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis. 

Obehandlad hyperglykemi kan leda till komplikationer som diabetisk ketoacidos.

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hypoglycaemia
hypoglycaemia
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by lower than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or excessive insulin

hypoglykemi

hypoglykemi

Ex: Hypoglycemia can occur when insulin levels are too high relative to the amount of glucose in the blood. 

Hypoglykemi kan uppstå när insulinhalterna är för höga i förhållande till mängden glukos i blodet.

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hypothermia
hypothermia
[Substantiv]

a medical condition where the body loses heat faster than it can generate it, resulting in a dangerously low body temperature

hypotermi, överdriven kylning

hypotermi, överdriven kylning

Ex: Early signs of hypothermia include numbness, weakness, and difficulty speaking. 

Tidiga tecken på hypotermi inkluderar domningar, svaghet och svårigheter att tala.

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hysteria
hysteria
[Substantiv]

a medical condition in which a person suddenly feels extreme emotions or makes them violent in a way that they cannot control it

hysteri

hysteri

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immunodeficiency
immunodeficiency
[Substantiv]

a condition where the immune system is weakened, making the person more vulnerable to infections and illnesses

immunbrist

immunbrist

Ex: Living a healthy lifestyle and following medical recommendations are essential for managing immunodeficiency. 

Att leva en hälsosam livsstil och följa medicinska rekommendationer är viktigt för att hantera immunbrist.

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insomnia
insomnia
[Substantiv]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

sömnlöshet, sömnstörning

sömnlöshet, sömnstörning

Ex: Many people with insomnia find that limiting screen time before bed can significantly improve their ability to fall asleep. 

Många människor med sömnlöshet upptäcker att begränsa skärmtid innan sängen kan avsevärt förbättra deras förmåga att somna.

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malnutrition
malnutrition
[Substantiv]

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

undernäring, bristnäring

undernäring, bristnäring

Ex: Despite progress in recent years, malnutrition continues to be a significant challenge, highlighting the need for sustained efforts and investment in nutrition programs and policies. 

Trots framsteg de senaste åren fortsätter undernäring att vara en betydande utmaning, vilket understryker behovet av ihålliga ansträngningar och investeringar i näringsprogram och policyer.

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migraine
migraine
[Substantiv]

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

migrän, huvudvärk

migrän, huvudvärk

Ex: He’s been getting frequent migraines lately, especially after long hours at the computer. 

Han har haft frekventa migränanfall på senaste tiden, särskilt efter långa timmar vid datorn.

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narcolepsy
narcolepsy
[Substantiv]

a neurological condition causing sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep, often accompanied by muscle weakness or vivid dreams

narkolepsi, sömnsjuka

narkolepsi, sömnsjuka

Ex: The unpredictable nature of narcoleptic episodes can impact personal and professional life. 

Den oförutsägbara naturen hos narkolepsi-episoder kan påverka det personliga och professionella livet.

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necrosis
necrosis
[Substantiv]

a type of cell death that occurs due to injury, infection, inflammation, or other forms of cellular stress

nekros, nekrotisk celldöd

nekros, nekrotisk celldöd

Ex: The autopsy revealed that the cause of death was necrosis of the liver due to acute alcohol poisoning. 

Obduktionen avslöjade att dödsorsaken var nekros i levern på grund av akut alkoholförgiftning.

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obesity
obesity
[Substantiv]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

fetma, övervikt

fetma, övervikt

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, and community-wide initiatives. 

Fetma kräver en mångfacetterad strategi som inkluderar att främja hälsosamma matvanor, regelbunden fysisk aktivitet och samhällsomfattande initiativ.

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osteoporosis
osteoporosis
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by weakened bones, making them fragile and more prone to fractures

osteoporos

osteoporos

Ex: The doctor prescribed calcium supplements to strengthen bones weakened by osteoporosis. 

Läkaren ordinerade kalciumtillskott för att stärka ben som försvagats av osteoporos.

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paraplegia
paraplegia
[Substantiv]

a type of paralysis that affects the legs and the lower body as the result of spinal cord damage

paraplegi

paraplegi

Ex: The new technology offers promising solutions for individuals living with paraplegia. 

Den nya tekniken erbjuder lovande lösningar för personer som lever med paraplegi.

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peptic ulcer
peptic ulcer
[Substantiv]

an open sore in the stomach or upper part of the small intestine caused by stomach acid erosion, often leading to abdominal pain and discomfort

peptiskt sår, magsår

peptiskt sår, magsår

Ex: Symptoms of peptic ulcers may include burning stomach pain, nausea, and vomiting. 

Symtom på peptiska sår kan inkludera brännande magsmärtor, illamående och kräkningar.

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inflammation
inflammation
[Substantiv]

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

inflammation

inflammation

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sepsis
sepsis
[Substantiv]

a severe, life-threatening response to infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ failure

sepsis

sepsis

Ex: In severe cases, sepsis can lead to organ failure and a dangerous drop in blood pressure. 

I svåra fall kan sepsis leda till organsvikt och ett farligt fall i blodtrycket.

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slipped disc
slipped disc
[Substantiv]

a painful condition resulting from one of the discs in one's spine moving out of its proper position

diskbråck, glidande skiva

diskbråck, glidande skiva

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sudden infant death syndrome

the unexplained and sudden death of an otherwise healthy infant, usually during sleep

plötslig spädbarnsdöd syndrom, plötslig spädbarnsdöd

plötslig spädbarnsdöd syndrom, plötslig spädbarnsdöd

Ex: Ongoing awareness campaigns educate parents on safe sleep practices to reduce the incidence of SIDS. 

Pågående medvetenhetskampanjer utbildar föräldrar om säkra sömnvanor för att minska förekomsten av plötslig spädbarnsdöd.

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thrombosis
thrombosis
[Substantiv]

a severe medical condition in which the blood clots and blocks the blood vessels, particularly those leading to one's heart

trombos, blodpropp

trombos, blodpropp

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fetal alcohol syndrome

a severe medical condition resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol during pregnancy that can cause the child to be born with birth defects and developmental disabilities

fetal alkoholsyndrom, FAS

fetal alkoholsyndrom, FAS

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laryngitis
laryngitis
[Substantiv]

a severe medical condition during which voice cords in one's voice box become painful and swollen, often resulting in loss of the voice or having difficulty breathing

laryngit, strupkatarr

laryngit, strupkatarr

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snow-blindness
snow-blindness
[Substantiv]

a condition of being temporarily unable to see due to one's eyes being exposed to ultraviolet rays reflected off snow or ice

snöblindhet, snöoftalmi

snöblindhet, snöoftalmi

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breathlessness
breathlessness
[Substantiv]

a condition that makes one breath too fast or with difficulty

andnöd, dyspné

andnöd, dyspné

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cataract
cataract
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by the progressive clouding or opacity of the lens of the eye, resulting in blurred vision

grå starr, linsförstämning

grå starr, linsförstämning

Ex: As a risk of aging, cataracts often develop slowly over many years causing vision to deteriorate. 

Som en risk för åldrande utvecklas grå starr ofta långsamt under många år, vilket leder till försämrad syn.

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toxemia
toxemia
[Substantiv]

a pregnancy complication marked by high blood pressure and protein in the urine

toxemi

toxemi

Ex: The medical record noted that she had developed toxemia. 
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scurvy
scurvy
[Substantiv]

a disease caused by severe lack of vitamin C

skörbjugg, sjukdom orsakad av svår brist på vitamin C

skörbjugg, sjukdom orsakad av svår brist på vitamin C

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emphysema
emphysema
[Substantiv]

a chronic respiratory condition where the air sacs in the lungs are damaged, leading to difficulty in exhaling air and causing shortness of breath

emfysem

emfysem

Ex: The damage caused by emphysema is irreversible, but management strategies aim to alleviate symptoms. 

Skadan orsakad av emfysem är irreversibel, men hanteringsstrategier syftar till att lindra symtom.

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diarrhea
diarrhea
[Substantiv]

a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently

diarré, rännskita

diarré, rännskita

Ex: Treatment for diarrhea often includes rehydration with fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration. 
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atrophy
atrophy
[Substantiv]

the gradual wasting away or shrinkage of a body tissue or organ, typically due to lack of use, injury, or a medical condition

atrofi, degeneration

atrofi, degeneration

Ex: Physical therapy is often prescribed to prevent or mitigate muscle atrophy after surgery. 

Fysioterapi föreskrivs ofta för att förhindra eller mildra muskelatrofi efter en operation.

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heart attack
heart attack
[Substantiv]

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

hjärtattack, hjärtinfarkt

hjärtattack, hjärtinfarkt

Ex: She survived a heart attack last year and now advocates for heart health awareness. 

Hon överlevde en hjärtattack förra året och förespråkar nu hjärthälsomedvetenhet.

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altitude sickness
altitude sickness
[Substantiv]

an illness resulting from reduced air pressure and oxygen at high altitudes, causing symptoms like headache and nausea

höjdsjuka

höjdsjuka

Ex: Skiers and trekkers are advised to recognize early signs of altitude sickness and descend if symptoms worsen. 

Skidåkare och vandrare uppmanas att känna igen tidiga tecken på höjdsjuka och att gå ner om symptomen förvärras.

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seasickness
seasickness
[Substantiv]

wooziness and nausea caused by the rocking motion of a boat or ship

sjösjuka, illamående från båtens gungning

sjösjuka, illamående från båtens gungning

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sunstroke
sunstroke
[Substantiv]

an illness characterized by high fever and caused by prolonged exposure to excessive heat or sunlight

solsting, värmeslag

solsting, värmeslag

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stroke
stroke
[Substantiv]

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

stroke, slaganfall

stroke, slaganfall

Ex: He was taken to the hospital after suffering a stroke. 
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cardiac arrest
cardiac arrest
[Substantiv]

a sudden and abrupt loss of heart function, leading to the cessation of blood circulation and vital organ function

hjärtstillestånd

hjärtstillestånd

Ex: Cardiac arrest is a medical emergency that demands rapid response to improve survival chances 

Hjärtstillestånd är ett medicinskt nödläge som kräver snabb respons för att förbättra överlevnadsoddsen.

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myocardial infarction

a heart attack, occurring when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing damage or death to the affected tissue

hjärtinfarkt, hjärtattack

hjärtinfarkt, hjärtattack

Ex: Individuals who have experienced a myocardial infarction may be prescribed medications to manage heart health and prevent recurrence. 

Individer som har drabbats av en hjärtinfarkt kan få läkemedel ordinerade för att hantera hjärthälsa och förhindra återfall.

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infarction
infarction
[Substantiv]

the death of tissue, typically caused by a lack of blood supply, leading to irreversible damage

infarkt

infarkt

Ex: Regular exercise and a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of infarction in various organs. 

Regelbunden träning och en hälsosam livsstil kan minska risken för infarkt i olika organ.

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hemorrhage
hemorrhage
[Substantiv]

an excessive and uncontrollable loss of blood from a damaged blood vessel

blödning

blödning

Ex: The patient's hemorrhage was caused by a medication side effect. 

Patientens blödning orsakades av en biverkning av en medicin.

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pulmonary embolism
pulmonary embolism
[Substantiv]

a condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot

lungemboli

lungemboli

Ex: Anticoagulants are used to treat pulmonary embolism. 

Antikoagulantia används för att behandla lungemboli.

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embolism
embolism
[Substantiv]

the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus which is a particle that travels through the bloodstream and blocks a vessel

emboli, kärlblockad

emboli, kärlblockad

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