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Hälsa och Sjukdom - Medicinska tillstånd

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till medicinska tillstånd såsom "allergi", "diabetes" och "sömnlöshet".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
alcoholism
[Substantiv]

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

alkoholism, alkoholmissbruk

alkoholism, alkoholmissbruk

Ex: Research has shown a correlation between stress and an increased risk of alcoholism.Forskning har visat ett samband mellan stress och en ökad risk för **alkoholism**.
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allergy
[Substantiv]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

allergi

allergi

Ex: After coming into contact with the cat , she experienced an allergic reaction due to her pet allergy.Efter att ha kommit i kontakt med katten upplevde hon en allergisk reaktion på grund av sin **allergi** mot husdjur.
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alopecia
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by hair loss or baldness, which can occur on the scalp or other parts of the body

alopeci

alopeci

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amenorrhoea
[Substantiv]

the absence or abnormal cessation of menstruation in women of reproductive age

amenorré

amenorré

Ex: Hormonal imbalances, such as low estrogen levels, can contribute to the development of amenorrhea.Hormonella obalanser, såsom låga östrogennivåer, kan bidra till utvecklingen av **amenorré**.
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amnesia
[Substantiv]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnesi

amnesi

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anaphylactic shock
[Substantiv]

severe, life-threatening allergic reaction causing rapid onset, breathing difficulty, low blood pressure, and potential loss of consciousness

anafylaktisk chock, allvarlig allergisk reaktion

anafylaktisk chock, allvarlig allergisk reaktion

Ex: Symptoms of anaphylactic shock may include hives , swelling , and a feeling of impending doom .Symtom på **anafylaktisk chock** kan inkludera nässelutslag, svullnad och en känsla av förestående undergång.
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anaphylaxis
[Substantiv]

severe and life-threatening allergic reaction with rapid and serious symptoms

anafylaxi, anafylaktisk reaktion

anafylaxi, anafylaktisk reaktion

Ex: Michelle 's severe anaphylaxis resulted from exposure to pollen .Michelles svåra **anafylaxi** berodde på exponering för pollen.
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aphasia
[Substantiv]

a language disorder resulting from brain damage or injury that impairs an individual's ability to understand, produce, and use language

afasi, språkstörning

afasi, språkstörning

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arteriosclerosis
[Substantiv]

hardening and thickening of arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of cardiovascular issues

åderförkalkning

åderförkalkning

Ex: As arteriosclerosis advances , it can lead to complications such as heart attacks and strokes .När **åderförkalkning** fortskrider kan det leda till komplikationer som hjärtinfarkter och stroke.
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brain death
[Substantiv]

complete and permanent loss of all brain functions, indicating irreversible cessation of activity

hjärndöd, hjärnans död

hjärndöd, hjärnans död

Ex: The determination of brain death involves rigorous clinical and neurologic assessments .Bestämningen av **hjärndöd** innebär rigorösa kliniska och neurologiska bedömningar.
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catarrh
[Substantiv]

a medical condition during which mucus accumulates in one's nose, throat, or sinuses and blocks them

katarr, förkylning

katarr, förkylning

Ex: During the winter months , many people experience catarrh due to the increased prevalence of respiratory infections .Under vintermånaderna upplever många människor **katarr** på grund av den ökade förekomsten av luftvägsinfektioner.
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cleft palate
[Substantiv]

a congenital condition where there is an opening or gap in the roof of the mouth, often present from birth

gomspalt, läpp-käft-gomspalt

gomspalt, läpp-käft-gomspalt

Ex: Cleft palate can vary in severity , and treatment approaches are tailored accordingly .**Gomspalt** kan variera i svårighetsgrad och behandlingsmetoder anpassas därefter.
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congestion
[Substantiv]

a condition where an excess amount of blood or other fluid accumulates in a part of the body, leading to swelling or discomfort

stockning, svullnad

stockning, svullnad

Ex: During allergy season , many people experience congestion due to increased pollen in the air .Under allergiesäsongen upplever många människor **täppning** på grund av ökad pollen i luften.
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a severe medical condition caused by a blood clot that is formed in one or more of the deep veins in one's body, particularly in one's legs

djup ventrombos, DVT

djup ventrombos, DVT

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delirium tremens
[Substantiv]

a serious alcohol withdrawal condition causing confusion, hallucinations, and tremors

delirium tremens, ryckningsdelirium

delirium tremens, ryckningsdelirium

Ex: Excessive alcohol intake can lead to delirium tremens, a dangerous withdrawal syndrome .
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diabetes
[Substantiv]

a serious medical condition in which the body is unable to regulate the blood sugar levels because it does not produce enough insulin

diabetes

diabetes

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a severe medical condition during which a blood clot in a coronary artery causes a blockage in the flow of blood that leads to heart

koronar trombos, koronar blockering

koronar trombos, koronar blockering

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anemia
[Substantiv]

a condition in which the number of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin in one's body is low

anemi

anemi

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exposure
[Substantiv]

a medical condition caused by being out in extreme weather conditions for very long without protection to the effects of harsh weather

exponering, solsting

exponering, solsting

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fever
[Substantiv]

a condition when the body temperature rises, usually when we are sick

feber, temperatur

feber, temperatur

Ex: She developed a fever after being exposed to the virus .Hon utvecklade **feber** efter att ha utsatts för viruset.
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gallstone
[Substantiv]

a solid particle that forms in the gallbladder, often composed of cholesterol or bilirubin, causing pain or other symptoms

gallsten, gallblåsesten

gallsten, gallblåsesten

Ex: Some individuals may have gallstones without experiencing noticeable symptoms .Vissa individer kan ha **gallsten** utan att uppleva märkbara symptom.
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gangrene
[Substantiv]

a chronic condition during which tissues in one's body die as a result of an obstruction in circulation or a bacterial infection

gangrän, nekros

gangrän, nekros

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hemorrhoids
[Substantiv]

swollen and painful veins in the lower part of the anus and rectum

hemorrojder

hemorrojder

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heart failure
[Substantiv]

a medical condition where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention

hjärtsvikt

hjärtsvikt

Ex: Heart failure is a chronic condition that requires ongoing medical management and follow-up .**Hjärtsvikt** är en kronisk sjukdom som kräver kontinuerlig medicinsk behandling och uppföljning.
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heatstroke
[Substantiv]

a serious condition that happens when the body gets too hot due to a lengthly exposure to high temperature

värmeslag, solsting

värmeslag, solsting

Ex: Seeking shade and cooling down immediately can help treat heatstroke.Att söka skugga och svalna omedelbart kan hjälpa till att behandla **värmeslag**.
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hernia
[Substantiv]

a condition in which part of an organ squeezes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place

bråck

bråck

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bronchitis
[Substantiv]

a condition when the tubes that carry air to one's lungs get infectious

bronkit

bronkit

Ex: After weeks of a persistent cough , the doctor diagnosed him with bronchitis.Efter veckor av ihållande hosta diagnostiserade läkaren honom med **bronkit**.
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hyperglycaemia
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by higher than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or other underlying health issues

hyperglykemi, högt blodsocker

hyperglykemi, högt blodsocker

Ex: Dietary modifications, including reducing sugar and carbohydrate intake, help control hyperglycemia.
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hypoglycaemia
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by lower than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or excessive insulin

hypoglykemi

hypoglykemi

Ex: Maintaining a consistent meal schedule helps prevent fluctuations that can lead to hypoglycemia.
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hypothermia
[Substantiv]

a medical condition where the body loses heat faster than it can generate it, resulting in a dangerously low body temperature

hypotermi, överdriven kylning

hypotermi, överdriven kylning

Ex: Emergency blankets are often used to prevent or treat hypothermia in outdoor survival situations .Nödflitrar används ofta för att förhindra eller behandla **hypotermi** i överlevnadssituationer utomhus.
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hysteria
[Substantiv]

a medical condition in which a person suddenly feels extreme emotions or makes them violent in a way that they cannot control it

hysteri

hysteri

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immunodeficiency
[Substantiv]

a condition where the immune system is weakened, making the person more vulnerable to infections and illnesses

immunbrist

immunbrist

Ex: Immunodeficiency may be characterized by a lack of immune system components , like T cells or antibodies .**Immunbrist** kan kännetecknas av brist på komponenter i immunsystemet, såsom T-celler eller antikroppar.
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insomnia
[Substantiv]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

sömnlöshet, sömnstörning

sömnlöshet, sömnstörning

Ex: Despite feeling exhausted , his insomnia made it impossible for him to get a good night 's rest .Trots att han kände sig utmattad gjorde hans **sömnlöshet** det omöjligt för honom att få en god natts vila.
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malnutrition
[Substantiv]

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

undernäring, bristnäring

undernäring, bristnäring

Ex: Despite progress in recent years , malnutrition continues to be a significant challenge , highlighting the need for sustained efforts and investment in nutrition programs and policies .Trots framsteg de senaste åren fortsätter **undernäring** att vara en betydande utmaning, vilket understryker behovet av ihålliga ansträngningar och investeringar i näringsprogram och policyer.
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migraine
[Substantiv]

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

migrän, huvudvärk

migrän, huvudvärk

Ex: She ’s trying to avoid triggers that could cause a migraine, like certain foods .Hon försöker undvika utlösande faktorer som kan orsaka **migrän**, som vissa livsmedel.
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narcolepsy
[Substantiv]

a neurological condition causing sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep, often accompanied by muscle weakness or vivid dreams

narkolepsi, sömnsjuka

narkolepsi, sömnsjuka

Ex: Narcolepsy is often diagnosed through a combination of medical history, sleep studies, and neurological examinations.**Narkolepsi** diagnostiseras ofta genom en kombination av medicinsk historia, sömnstudier och neurologiska undersökningar.
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necrosis
[Substantiv]

a type of cell death that occurs due to injury, infection, inflammation, or other forms of cellular stress

nekros, nekrotisk celldöd

nekros, nekrotisk celldöd

Ex: The autopsy revealed that the cause of death was necrosis of the liver due to acute alcohol poisoning .Obduktionen avslöjade att dödsorsaken var **nekros** i levern på grund av akut alkoholförgiftning.
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obesity
[Substantiv]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

fetma, övervikt

fetma, övervikt

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .Att adressera **fetma** kräver en mångfacetterad strategi som inkluderar främjande av hälsosamma matvanor, regelbunden fysisk aktivitet och samhällsomfattande initiativ.
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osteoporosis
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by weakened bones, making them fragile and more prone to fractures

osteoporos

osteoporos

Ex: Osteoporosis may lead to fractures in the hip , spine , and wrist with minimal trauma .**Osteoporos** kan leda till frakturer i höften, ryggraden och handleden med minimal trauma.
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paraplegia
[Substantiv]

a type of paralysis that affects the legs and the lower body as the result of spinal cord damage

paraplegi

paraplegi

Ex: She received physical therapy to manage her paraplegia and improve her mobility .Hon fick fysioterapi för att hantera sin **paraplegi** och förbättra sin rörlighet.
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peptic ulcer
[Substantiv]

an open sore in the stomach or upper part of the small intestine caused by stomach acid erosion, often leading to abdominal pain and discomfort

peptiskt sår, magsår

peptiskt sår, magsår

Ex: Lifestyle changes , such as quitting smoking and reducing stress , can help manage peptic ulcer symptoms .Förändringar i livsstilen, som att sluta röka och minska stress, kan hjälpa till att hantera symtomen på **magsår**.
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inflammation
[Substantiv]

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

inflammation

inflammation

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sepsis
[Substantiv]

a severe, life-threatening response to infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ failure

sepsis

sepsis

Ex: Timely diagnosis of the underlying infection is essential for effective sepsis management .
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slipped disc
[Substantiv]

a painful condition resulting from one of the discs in one's spine moving out of its proper position

diskbråck, glidande skiva

diskbråck, glidande skiva

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the unexplained and sudden death of an otherwise healthy infant, usually during sleep

plötslig spädbarnsdöd syndrom, plötslig spädbarnsdöd

plötslig spädbarnsdöd syndrom, plötslig spädbarnsdöd

Ex: Ongoing awareness campaigns educate parents on safe sleep practices to reduce the incidence of SIDS.Pågående medvetenhetskampanjer utbildar föräldrar om säkra sömnvanor för att minska förekomsten av **plötslig spädbarnsdöd**.
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thrombosis
[Substantiv]

a severe medical condition in which the blood clots and blocks the blood vessels, particularly those leading to one's heart

trombos, blodpropp

trombos, blodpropp

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a severe medical condition resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol during pregnancy that can cause the child to be born with birth defects and developmental disabilities

fetal alkoholsyndrom, FAS

fetal alkoholsyndrom, FAS

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laryngitis
[Substantiv]

a severe medical condition during which voice cords in one's voice box become painful and swollen, often resulting in loss of the voice or having difficulty breathing

laryngit, strupkatarr

laryngit, strupkatarr

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snow-blindness
[Substantiv]

a condition of being temporarily unable to see due to one's eyes being exposed to ultraviolet rays reflected off snow or ice

snöblindhet, snöoftalmi

snöblindhet, snöoftalmi

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breathlessness
[Substantiv]

a condition that makes one breath too fast or with difficulty

andnöd, dyspné

andnöd, dyspné

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cataract
[Substantiv]

a medical condition characterized by the progressive clouding or opacity of the lens of the eye, resulting in blurred vision

grå starr, linsförstämning

grå starr, linsförstämning

Ex: As a risk of aging , cataracts often develop slowly over many years causing vision to deteriorate .Som en risk för åldrande utvecklas **grå starr** ofta långsamt under många år, vilket leder till försämrad syn.
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toxemia
[Substantiv]

abnormal pregnancy condition marked by high blood pressure, swelling, and protein in the urine, often known as preeclampsia

toxemi, pre-eklampsi

toxemi, pre-eklampsi

Ex: Pregnant individuals with past toxemia receive extra attention in subsequent pregnancies .
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scurvy
[Substantiv]

a disease caused by severe lack of vitamin C

skörbjugg, sjukdom orsakad av svår brist på vitamin C

skörbjugg, sjukdom orsakad av svår brist på vitamin C

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emphysema
[Substantiv]

a chronic respiratory condition where the air sacs in the lungs are damaged, leading to difficulty in exhaling air and causing shortness of breath

emfysem

emfysem

Ex: Shortness of breath during physical activity is a common symptom of emphysema.Andnöd vid fysisk aktivitet är ett vanligt symptom på **emfysem**.
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diarrhea
[Substantiv]

a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently

diarré, rännskita

diarré, rännskita

Ex: Chronic diarrhea may indicate underlying health conditions and requires medical evaluation for proper diagnosis and management .Kronisk **diarré** kan indikera underliggande hälsotillstånd och kräver medicinsk utvärdering för korrekt diagnos och hantering.
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atrophy
[Substantiv]

the gradual wasting away or shrinkage of a body tissue or organ, typically due to lack of use, injury, or a medical condition

atrofi, degeneration

atrofi, degeneration

Ex: Treatment for joint injuries focuses on preventing the atrophy of surrounding tissues .Behandling av ledskador fokuserar på att förhindra **atrofi** av omgivande vävnader.
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heart attack
[Substantiv]

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

hjärtattack, hjärtinfarkt

hjärtattack, hjärtinfarkt

Ex: The sudden heart attack took everyone by surprise , highlighting the unpredictability of heart disease .Den plötsliga **hjärtattacken** överraskade alla och belyste hjärtsjukdomars oförutsägbarhet.
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altitude sickness
[Substantiv]

an illness resulting from reduced air pressure and oxygen at high altitudes, causing symptoms like headache and nausea

höjdsjuka

höjdsjuka

Ex: Symptoms of altitude sickness usually improve with descent to lower elevations .Symtomen på **höjdsjuka** förbättras vanligtvis med nedstigning till lägre höjder.
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seasickness
[Substantiv]

wooziness and nausea caused by the rocking motion of a boat or ship

sjösjuka, illamående från båtens gungning

sjösjuka, illamående från båtens gungning

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sunstroke
[Substantiv]

an illness characterized by high fever and caused by prolonged exposure to excessive heat or sunlight

solsting, värmeslag

solsting, värmeslag

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stroke
[Substantiv]

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

stroke, slaganfall

stroke, slaganfall

Ex: Common risk factors for stroke include high blood pressure , diabetes , high cholesterol , smoking , and obesity .Vanliga riskfaktorer för **stroke** inkluderar högt blodtryck, diabetes, hög kolesterol, rökning och fetma.
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cardiac arrest
[Substantiv]

a sudden and abrupt loss of heart function, leading to the cessation of blood circulation and vital organ function

hjärtstillestånd

hjärtstillestånd

Ex: Underlying heart conditions , high blood pressure , and certain medications can contribute to the risk of cardiac arrest.Underliggande hjärtsjukdomar, högt blodtryck och vissa läkemedel kan bidra till risken för **hjärtstillestånd**.
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a heart attack, occurring when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing damage or death to the affected tissue

hjärtinfarkt, hjärtattack

hjärtinfarkt, hjärtattack

Ex: Immediate medical attention is necessary if someone exhibits signs of a myocardial infarction, such as radiating chest pain and nausea .Omedelbar medicinsk uppmärksamhet krävs om någon uppvisar tecken på **hjärtinfarkt**, såsom strålande bröstsmärta och illamående.
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infarction
[Substantiv]

the death of tissue, typically caused by a lack of blood supply, leading to irreversible damage

infarkt

infarkt

Ex: Cerebral infarction results from a lack of blood flow to the brain , often causing a stroke .Hjärn**infarkt** uppstår på grund av brist på blodflöde till hjärnan och orsakar ofta en stroke.
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hemorrhage
[Substantiv]

an excessive and uncontrollable loss of blood from a damaged blood vessel

blödning

blödning

Ex: The patient 's hemorrhage was caused by a medication side effect .Patientens **blödning** orsakades av en biverkning av en medicin.
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pulmonary embolism
[Substantiv]

a condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot

lungemboli

lungemboli

Ex: Rapid breathing and a fast heart rate can indicate a pulmonary embolism.Snabb andning och snabb hjärtfrekvens kan indikera en **lunemboli**.
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embolism
[Substantiv]

the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus which is a particle that travels through the bloodstream and blocks a vessel

emboli, kärlblockad

emboli, kärlblockad

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