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Sağlık ve Hastalık - Tıbbi Durumlar

Burada "alerji", "diyabet" ve "uykusuzluk" gibi tıbbi durumlarla ilgili bazı İngilizce kelimeler öğreneceksiniz.

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Words Related to Health and Sickness

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

içki alışkanlığı

içki alışkanlığı

Ex: Research has shown a correlation between stress and an increased risk of alcoholism.Araştırmalar, stres ile artan **alkolizm** riski arasında bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir.
allergy
[isim]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

alerji

alerji

Ex: After coming into contact with the cat , she experienced an allergic reaction due to her pet allergy.Kedi ile temas ettikten sonra, evcil hayvan **alerjisi** nedeniyle alerjik bir reaksiyon yaşadı.
alopecia
[isim]

a medical condition characterized by hair loss or baldness, which can occur on the scalp or other parts of the body

saç dökülmesi

saç dökülmesi

the absence or abnormal cessation of menstruation in women of reproductive age

amenore

amenore

Ex: Hormonal imbalances, such as low estrogen levels, can contribute to the development of amenorrhea.Düşük östrojen seviyeleri gibi hormonal dengesizlikler, **amenore** gelişimine katkıda bulunabilir.
amnesia
[isim]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnezi

amnezi

severe, life-threatening allergic reaction causing rapid onset, breathing difficulty, low blood pressure, and potential loss of consciousness

anafilaktik şok

anafilaktik şok

Ex: Symptoms of anaphylactic shock may include hives , swelling , and a feeling of impending doom .**Anafilaktik şok** belirtileri arasında kurdeşen, şişme ve yaklaşan bir felaket hissi bulunabilir.

severe and life-threatening allergic reaction with rapid and serious symptoms

anafilaksi

anafilaksi

Ex: Michelle 's severe anaphylaxis resulted from exposure to pollen .Michelle'in şiddetli **anafilaksisi**, polen maruziyetinden kaynaklandı.
aphasia
[isim]

a language disorder resulting from brain damage or injury that impairs an individual's ability to understand, produce, and use language

afazi

afazi

hardening and thickening of arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of cardiovascular issues

arteriyoskleroz

arteriyoskleroz

Ex: As arteriosclerosis advances , it can lead to complications such as heart attacks and strokes .**Arterioskleroz** ilerledikçe, kalp krizi ve felç gibi komplikasyonlara yol açabilir.

complete and permanent loss of all brain functions, indicating irreversible cessation of activity

beyin ölümü

beyin ölümü

Ex: The determination of brain death involves rigorous clinical and neurologic assessments .**Beyin ölümü**nün belirlenmesi, titiz klinik ve nörolojik değerlendirmeleri içerir.
catarrh
[isim]

a medical condition during which mucus accumulates in one's nose, throat, or sinuses and blocks them

nezle

nezle

Ex: During the winter months , many people experience catarrh due to the increased prevalence of respiratory infections .Kış aylarında, birçok insan solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarının artan yaygınlığı nedeniyle **katarr** yaşar.

a congenital condition where there is an opening or gap in the roof of the mouth, often present from birth

damak yarığı

damak yarığı

Ex: Cleft palate can vary in severity , and treatment approaches are tailored accordingly .**Yarık damak** şiddet açısından değişiklik gösterebilir ve tedavi yaklaşımları buna göre özelleştirilir.

a condition where an excess amount of blood or other fluid accumulates in a part of the body, leading to swelling or discomfort

kan birikmesi

kan birikmesi

Ex: During allergy season , many people experience congestion due to increased pollen in the air .Alerji mevsiminde, havadaki polen miktarının artması nedeniyle birçok kişi **tıkanıklık** yaşar.

a severe medical condition caused by a blood clot that is formed in one or more of the deep veins in one's body, particularly in one's legs

derin ven trombozu

derin ven trombozu

a serious alcohol withdrawal condition causing confusion, hallucinations, and tremors

delirium tremens, titreme deliryumu

delirium tremens, titreme deliryumu

Ex: Excessive alcohol intake can lead to delirium tremens, a dangerous withdrawal syndrome .
diabetes
[isim]

a serious medical condition in which the body is unable to regulate the blood sugar levels because it does not produce enough insulin

şeker hastalığı

şeker hastalığı

a severe medical condition during which a blood clot in a coronary artery causes a blockage in the flow of blood that leads to heart

tromboz

tromboz

anemia
[isim]

a condition in which the number of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin in one's body is low

kansızlık

kansızlık

exposure
[isim]

a medical condition caused by being out in extreme weather conditions for very long without protection to the effects of harsh weather

soğuktan donma

soğuktan donma

fever
[isim]

a condition when the body temperature rises, usually when we are sick

ateş

ateş

Ex: She developed a fever after being exposed to the virus .Virüse maruz kaldıktan sonra **ateş** geliştirdi.
gallstone
[isim]

a solid particle that forms in the gallbladder, often composed of cholesterol or bilirubin, causing pain or other symptoms

safra taşı

safra taşı

Ex: Some individuals may have gallstones without experiencing noticeable symptoms .Bazı bireyler belirgin semptomlar yaşamadan **safra taşları**na sahip olabilir.
gangrene
[isim]

a chronic condition during which tissues in one's body die as a result of an obstruction in circulation or a bacterial infection

kangren

kangren

swollen and painful veins in the lower part of the anus and rectum

basur

basur

a medical condition where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention

kalp yetmezliği

kalp yetmezliği

Ex: Heart failure is a chronic condition that requires ongoing medical management and follow-up .**Kalp yetmezliği**, sürekli tıbbi yönetim ve takip gerektiren kronik bir durumdur.

a serious condition that happens when the body gets too hot due to a lengthly exposure to high temperature

sıcak çarpması

sıcak çarpması

Ex: Seeking shade and cooling down immediately can help treat heatstroke.Gölge aramak ve hemen serinlemek **sıcak çarpmasını** tedavi etmeye yardımcı olabilir.
hernia
[isim]

a condition in which part of an organ squeezes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place

fıtık

fıtık

a condition when the tubes that carry air to one's lungs get infectious

bronşit

bronşit

Ex: After weeks of a persistent cough , the doctor diagnosed him with bronchitis.Haftalarca süren inatçı bir öksürükten sonra, doktor ona **bronşit** teşhisi koydu.

a medical condition characterized by higher than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or other underlying health issues

hiperglisemi, yüksek kan şekeri

hiperglisemi, yüksek kan şekeri

Ex: Dietary modifications, including reducing sugar and carbohydrate intake, help control hyperglycemia.

a medical condition characterized by lower than normal levels of blood glucose, often associated with diabetes or excessive insulin

hipoglisemi

hipoglisemi

Ex: Maintaining a consistent meal schedule helps prevent fluctuations that can lead to hypoglycemia.

a medical condition where the body loses heat faster than it can generate it, resulting in a dangerously low body temperature

hipotermi

hipotermi

Ex: Emergency blankets are often used to prevent or treat hypothermia in outdoor survival situations .Acil durum battaniyeleri, açık hava hayatta kalma durumlarında **hipotermiyi** önlemek veya tedavi etmek için sıklıkla kullanılır.
hysteria
[isim]

a medical condition in which a person suddenly feels extreme emotions or makes them violent in a way that they cannot control it

histeri

histeri

a condition where the immune system is weakened, making the person more vulnerable to infections and illnesses

bağışıklık yetmezliği

bağışıklık yetmezliği

Ex: Immunodeficiency may be characterized by a lack of immune system components , like T cells or antibodies .**İmmün yetmezlik**, T hücreleri veya antikorlar gibi bağışıklık sistemi bileşenlerinin eksikliği ile karakterize edilebilir.
insomnia
[isim]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

uyuyamazlık

uyuyamazlık

Ex: Despite feeling exhausted , his insomnia made it impossible for him to get a good night 's rest .Bitkin hissetmesine rağmen, **uykusuzluk** onun iyi bir gece dinlenmesi yapmasını imkansız hale getirdi.

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

dengesiz beslenme

dengesiz beslenme

Ex: Despite progress in recent years , malnutrition continues to be a significant challenge , highlighting the need for sustained efforts and investment in nutrition programs and policies .Son yıllardaki ilerlemeye rağmen, **yetersiz beslenme** önemli bir zorluk olmaya devam ediyor ve beslenme programlarına ve politikalarına sürekli çaba ve yatırım yapılması gerektiğini vurguluyor.
migraine
[isim]

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

migren

migren

Ex: She ’s trying to avoid triggers that could cause a migraine, like certain foods .O, belirli yiyecekler gibi **migren**e neden olabilecek tetikleyicilerden kaçınmaya çalışıyor.

a neurological condition causing sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep, often accompanied by muscle weakness or vivid dreams

narkolepsi

narkolepsi

Ex: Narcolepsy is often diagnosed through a combination of medical history, sleep studies, and neurological examinations.**Narkolepsi**, genellikle tıbbi geçmiş, uyku çalışmaları ve nörolojik muayenelerin bir kombinasyonu ile teşhis edilir.
necrosis
[isim]

a type of cell death that occurs due to injury, infection, inflammation, or other forms of cellular stress

nekroz

nekroz

Ex: The autopsy revealed that the cause of death was necrosis of the liver due to acute alcohol poisoning .Otopsi, ölüm nedeninin akut alkol zehirlenmesine bağlı karaciğer **nekrozu** olduğunu ortaya çıkardı.
obesity
[isim]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obezite

obezite

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .**Obezite** ile başa çıkmak, sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıklarını teşvik etmeyi, düzenli fiziksel aktiviteyi ve toplum genelinde girişimleri içeren çok yönlü bir yaklaşım gerektirir.

a medical condition characterized by weakened bones, making them fragile and more prone to fractures

kemik erimesi

kemik erimesi

Ex: Osteoporosis may lead to fractures in the hip , spine , and wrist with minimal trauma .**Osteoporoz**, minimal travma ile kalça, omurga ve bilekte kırıklara yol açabilir.

a type of paralysis that affects the legs and the lower body as the result of spinal cord damage

belden aşağı felç

belden aşağı felç

Ex: She received physical therapy to manage her paraplegia and improve her mobility .Paraplejisini yönetmek ve hareket kabiliyetini artırmak için fizik tedavi gördü.

an open sore in the stomach or upper part of the small intestine caused by stomach acid erosion, often leading to abdominal pain and discomfort

peptik ülser

peptik ülser

Ex: Lifestyle changes , such as quitting smoking and reducing stress , can help manage peptic ulcer symptoms .Sigara içmeyi bırakmak ve stresi azaltmak gibi yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri, **peptik ülser** semptomlarını yönetmeye yardımcı olabilir.

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

enflamasyon, şişlik

enflamasyon, şişlik

sepsis
[isim]

a severe, life-threatening response to infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ failure

sepsis

sepsis

Ex: Timely diagnosis of the underlying infection is essential for effective sepsis management .

a painful condition resulting from one of the discs in one's spine moving out of its proper position

bel fıtığı

bel fıtığı

the unexplained and sudden death of an otherwise healthy infant, usually during sleep

ani bebek ölümü sendromu

ani bebek ölümü sendromu

Ex: Ongoing awareness campaigns educate parents on safe sleep practices to reduce the incidence of SIDS.Devam eden farkındalık kampanyaları, ebeveynleri güvenli uyku uygulamaları konusunda eğiterek **ani bebek ölümü sendromu** insidansını azaltmayı hedefliyor.

a severe medical condition in which the blood clots and blocks the blood vessels, particularly those leading to one's heart

tromboz

tromboz

a severe medical condition resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol during pregnancy that can cause the child to be born with birth defects and developmental disabilities

fetal alkol sendromu

fetal alkol sendromu

a severe medical condition during which voice cords in one's voice box become painful and swollen, often resulting in loss of the voice or having difficulty breathing

larenjit

larenjit

a condition of being temporarily unable to see due to one's eyes being exposed to ultraviolet rays reflected off snow or ice

kar körlüğü

kar körlüğü

a condition that makes one breath too fast or with difficulty

nefes darlığı

nefes darlığı

cataract
[isim]

a medical condition characterized by the progressive clouding or opacity of the lens of the eye, resulting in blurred vision

katarakt

katarakt

Ex: As a risk of aging , cataracts often develop slowly over many years causing vision to deteriorate .Yaşlanmanın bir riski olarak, **katarakt** genellikle yıllar içinde yavaşça gelişir ve görüşün bozulmasına neden olur.
toxemia
[isim]

abnormal pregnancy condition marked by high blood pressure, swelling, and protein in the urine, often known as preeclampsia

toksemi, preeklampsi

toksemi, preeklampsi

Ex: Pregnant individuals with past toxemia receive extra attention in subsequent pregnancies .
scurvy
[isim]

a disease caused by severe lack of vitamin C

iskorbüt

iskorbüt

emphysema
[isim]

a chronic respiratory condition where the air sacs in the lungs are damaged, leading to difficulty in exhaling air and causing shortness of breath

amfizem

amfizem

Ex: Shortness of breath during physical activity is a common symptom of emphysema.Fiziksel aktivite sırasında nefes darlığı, **amfizem**in yaygın bir belirtisidir.
diarrhea
[isim]

a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently

ishal

ishal

Ex: Chronic diarrhea may indicate underlying health conditions and requires medical evaluation for proper diagnosis and management .Kronik **ishal**, altta yatan sağlık sorunlarını gösterebilir ve uygun teşhis ve yönetim için tıbbi değerlendirme gerektirir.
atrophy
[isim]

the gradual wasting away or shrinkage of a body tissue or organ, typically due to lack of use, injury, or a medical condition

atrofi

atrofi

Ex: Treatment for joint injuries focuses on preventing the atrophy of surrounding tissues .Eklem yaralanmalarının tedavisi, çevre dokuların **atrofisini** önlemeye odaklanır.

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

kalp krizi

kalp krizi

Ex: The sudden heart attack took everyone by surprise , highlighting the unpredictability of heart disease .Ani **kalp krizi** herkesi şaşırttı ve kalp hastalıklarının öngörülemezliğini vurguladı.

an illness resulting from reduced air pressure and oxygen at high altitudes, causing symptoms like headache and nausea

irtifa hastalığı

irtifa hastalığı

Ex: Symptoms of altitude sickness usually improve with descent to lower elevations .**Yüksek irtifa hastalığı** belirtileri genellikle daha alçak irtifalara inilerek iyileşir.

wooziness and nausea caused by the rocking motion of a boat or ship

kinetozis

kinetozis

sunstroke
[isim]

an illness characterized by high fever and caused by prolonged exposure to excessive heat or sunlight

güneş çarpması

güneş çarpması

stroke
[isim]

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

beyin krizi

beyin krizi

Ex: Common risk factors for stroke include high blood pressure , diabetes , high cholesterol , smoking , and obesity .**Felç** için yaygın risk faktörleri arasında yüksek tansiyon, diyabet, yüksek kolesterol, sigara içmek ve obezite bulunur.

a sudden and abrupt loss of heart function, leading to the cessation of blood circulation and vital organ function

kalp durması

kalp durması

Ex: Underlying heart conditions , high blood pressure , and certain medications can contribute to the risk of cardiac arrest.Altta yatan kalp rahatsızlıkları, yüksek tansiyon ve bazı ilaçlar **kalp durması** riskine katkıda bulunabilir.

a heart attack, occurring when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing damage or death to the affected tissue

kalp krizi

kalp krizi

Ex: Immediate medical attention is necessary if someone exhibits signs of a myocardial infarction, such as radiating chest pain and nausea .Bir kişi, yayılan göğüs ağrısı ve mide bulantısı gibi **miyokard enfarktüsü** belirtileri gösteriyorsa, acil tıbbi müdahale gereklidir.

the death of tissue, typically caused by a lack of blood supply, leading to irreversible damage

infarkt

infarkt

Ex: Cerebral infarction results from a lack of blood flow to the brain , often causing a stroke .Serebral **enfarktüs**, beyne kan akışının olmamasından kaynaklanır ve genellikle felce neden olur.

an excessive and uncontrollable loss of blood from a damaged blood vessel

kanama

kanama

Ex: The patient 's hemorrhage was caused by a medication side effect .Hastanın **kanaması**, bir ilacın yan etkisi nedeniyle oluştu.

a condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot

pulmoner emboli

pulmoner emboli

Ex: Rapid breathing and a fast heart rate can indicate a pulmonary embolism.Hızlı nefes alma ve hızlı kalp atışı, **pulmoner emboli** belirtisi olabilir.
embolism
[isim]

the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus which is a particle that travels through the bloodstream and blocks a vessel

amboli

amboli

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