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Podstawowe Słownictwo do GRE - Pieniądze nie rosną na drzewach!

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów o finansach, takich jak "audit", "undercut", "subsidy" itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
audit
audit
[Rzeczownik]

a formal inspection of a business's financial records to see if they are correct and accurate or not

audyt, kontrola finansowa

audyt, kontrola finansowa

Ex: The company underwent an audit to ensure compliance with financial regulations. 
bankroll
bankroll
[Rzeczownik]

the total amount of money a person or business has for spending or investing

finansowanie, kapitał

finansowanie, kapitał

Ex: The company increased its bankroll for the new project. 
bankruptcy
bankruptcy
[Rzeczownik]

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

bankructwo, upadłość

bankructwo, upadłość

Ex: The company declared bankruptcy after years of financial losses. 
voucher
voucher
[Rzeczownik]

a digital code or a printed piece of paper that can be used instead of money when making a purchase or used to receive a discount

bon, voucher

bon, voucher

Ex: She received a gift voucher for her favorite restaurant as a birthday present. 
to undercut
to undercut
[Czasownik]

to demand a lower price than one's rivals

zaniżać cenę, obniżać ceny

zaniżać cenę, obniżać ceny

Ex: In a competitive market, businesses may undercut their rivals to attract price-sensitive customers. 
treasury
treasury
[Rzeczownik]

the funds and resources that a country or organization controls

skarbiec, skarb państwa

skarbiec, skarb państwa

Ex: The government announced a new budget for the national treasury. 
tax evasion
tax evasion
[Rzeczownik]

the illegal acts done to pay less tax than what is owed or to avoid paying taxes altogether

uchylanie się od podatków, oszustwo podatkowe

uchylanie się od podatków, oszustwo podatkowe

Ex: The wealthy businessman was convicted of tax evasion after it was discovered that he had hidden millions of dollars in offshore accounts. 
taxation
taxation
[Rzeczownik]

the system by which a government collects money from citizens and businesses to fund public services

opodatkowanie, system podatkowy

opodatkowanie, system podatkowy

Ex: Taxation is necessary to fund public schools and hospitals. 
tariff
tariff
[Rzeczownik]

a tax paid on goods imported or exported

taryfa, cło

taryfa, cło

Ex: The government imposed a tariff on imported steel to protect domestic producers. 
subsidy
subsidy
[Rzeczownik]

an amount of money that a government or organization pays to lower the costs of producing goods or providing services so that prices do not increase

subsydium, wsparcie finansowe

subsydium, wsparcie finansowe

Ex: The government provides subsidies to farmers to support agricultural production and maintain food security. 
stagflation
stagflation
[Rzeczownik]

an economic situation with persistent high inflation and a high unemployment rate

stagflacja, inflacja ze stagnacją

stagflacja, inflacja ze stagnacją

Ex: The country experienced stagflation, with prices rising and jobs disappearing. 
collateral
collateral
[Rzeczownik]

a loan guarantee that may be taken away if the loan is not repaid

zabezpieczenie,  zastaw

zabezpieczenie, zastaw

Ex: When securing a loan, the bank often requires borrowers to provide collateral, such as real estate or vehicles, to mitigate the risk of default. 
contingency
contingency
[Rzeczownik]

the funds that are set aside for unforeseen expenses that may arise in the future

rezerwa

rezerwa

Ex: The company allocated a portion of its budget as a contingency to cover unexpected costs, such as equipment repairs or legal fees. 
cryptocurrency
cryptocurrency
[Rzeczownik]

a digital or virtual form of currency secured by cryptography

kryptowaluta, waluta kryptograficzna

kryptowaluta, waluta kryptograficzna

Ex: Bitcoin is a popular type of cryptocurrency. 
depression
depression
[Rzeczownik]

a time of little economic activity and high unemployment, which lasts for a long time

depresja, kryzys gospodarczy

depresja, kryzys gospodarczy

Ex: The Great Depression of the 1930s saw widespread unemployment and severe economic hardship. 
equity
equity
[Rzeczownik]

the value of an asset after deducting all claims, debts, or liens against it

wartość netto, kapitał własny

wartość netto, kapitał własny

Ex: After paying off the mortgage, they had $120,000 in equity in their home. 
face value
face value
[Rzeczownik]

the obvious meaning or worth of something, without looking deeper

wartość nominalna, oczywiste znaczenie

wartość nominalna, oczywiste znaczenie

Ex: He took the promise at face value without questioning it. 
fiscal
fiscal
[przymiotnik]

relating to government revenue or public money, especially taxes

fiskalny, budżetowy

fiskalny, budżetowy

Ex: The government faces challenges in balancing fiscal priorities while addressing social needs. 
fluctuation
fluctuation
[Rzeczownik]

the irregular or unpredictable variation in something over time, characterized by alternating changes

wahanie, zmienność

wahanie, zmienność

Ex: The stock market experienced significant fluctuations last week. 
incentive
incentive
[Rzeczownik]

a payment or concession to encourage someone to do something specific

zachęta,  premia

zachęta, premia

Ex: The company offered a bonus as an incentive for employees who exceeded their sales targets. 
liquidity
liquidity
[Rzeczownik]

financial assets in the form of money or able to be easily converted into money

płynność

płynność

Ex: The company maintained high liquidity to cover unexpected expenses. 
monetarism
monetarism
[Rzeczownik]

the theory or policy of controlling the amount of money in circulation as the preferred method of stabilizing the economy

monetaryzm, teoria monetarna

monetaryzm, teoria monetarna

Ex: Monetarism emphasizes the role of monetary policy over fiscal policy. 
overdraft
overdraft
[Rzeczownik]

a deficit in a bank account caused by withdrawing more money than is available

debet, przekroczenie limitu

debet, przekroczenie limitu

Ex: The bank charged a fee for the overdraft on her account. 
to quote
to quote
[Czasownik]

to estimate how much money something will cost

wyceniać, oszacować koszt

wyceniać, oszacować koszt

Ex: The contractor quoted us $10,000 for the kitchen renovation. 
commodity
commodity
[Rzeczownik]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

towar, surowiec

towar, surowiec

Ex: Oil has long been a highly valued commodity on the global market, influencing economies and politics. 
conglomerate
conglomerate
[Rzeczownik]

a corporation formed by merging different firms or businesses

konglomerat, grupa przedsiębiorstw

konglomerat, grupa przedsiębiorstw

Ex: The conglomerate expanded its operations by acquiring companies in various industries such as technology, healthcare, and consumer goods. 
dividend
dividend
[Rzeczownik]

an amount of money paid regularly to the shareholders of a company

dywidenda

dywidenda

Ex: The company announced a quarterly dividend of $1 per share. 
proprietor
proprietor
[Rzeczownik]

the owner of a property or business

właściciel, właściciel przedsiębiorstwa

właściciel, właściciel przedsiębiorstwa

Ex: The proprietor of the bookstore greeted every customer personally. 
subsidiary
subsidiary
[Rzeczownik]

a business company controlled or owned by a holding or parent company

spółka zależna, filia

spółka zależna, filia

Ex: The tech giant acquired a new subsidiary to expand its product line. 
venture
venture
[Rzeczownik]

a business activity that is mostly very risky

przedsięwzięcie, projekt

przedsięwzięcie, projekt

Ex: They started a new venture in the tech industry, knowing the risks. 
artisan
artisan
[Rzeczownik]

a skilled craftsperson who creates objects partly or entirely by hand

rzemieślnik, artysta rzemieślnik

rzemieślnik, artysta rzemieślnik

Ex: The artisan crafted beautiful pottery by hand. 
labor-intensive
labor-intensive
[przymiotnik]

related to a line of work that requires large groups of workers to be able to function

pracochłonny, wymagający dużych nakładów pracy

pracochłonny, wymagający dużych nakładów pracy

Ex: Farming is a labor-intensive industry, especially during harvest season. 
menial
menial
[przymiotnik]

(of work) not requiring special skills, often considered unimportant and poorly paid

niskiego szczebla, podrzędny

niskiego szczebla, podrzędny

Ex: She took a menial job to support herself during college. 
painstaking
painstaking
[przymiotnik]

requiring a lot of effort and time

skrupulatny, dokładny

skrupulatny, dokładny

Ex: She conducted a painstaking investigation to uncover the truth behind the mysterious disappearance. 
sabbatical
sabbatical
[Rzeczownik]

a paid leave from work, often taken every seven years, for study or personal growth

sabbatical, rok sabbatical

sabbatical, rok sabbatical

Ex: She took a sabbatical to write her novel. 
taxing
taxing
[przymiotnik]

demanding or requiring a considerable amount of effort and energy to deal with

wyczerpujący, męczący

wyczerpujący, męczący

Ex: The marathon was a taxing experience for all the runners. 
tedious
tedious
[przymiotnik]

boring and repetitive, often causing frustration or weariness due to a lack of variety or interest

nudny, męczący

nudny, męczący

Ex: The tedious task of filing paperwork made the afternoon drag on. 
minute
minute
[Rzeczownik]

a written record summarizing the proceedings and decisions made

protokół, minuta

protokół, minuta

Ex: She was responsible for taking the minute during the meeting. 
hectic
hectic
[przymiotnik]

extremely busy and chaotic

gorączkowy, chaotyczny

gorączkowy, chaotyczny

Ex: The office was always hectic during the end of the month with deadlines approaching. 
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