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Architektura i Budownictwo - Materiały budowlane

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów związanych z materiałami budowlanymi, takimi jak "kit", "wapień" i "granit".

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
sandstone
[Rzeczownik]

a sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized grains, commonly used in construction for its durability and natural beauty

piaskowiec, kamień piaskowy

piaskowiec, kamień piaskowy

quarry tile
[Rzeczownik]

a durable ceramic tile made from clay, known for its strength, stain resistance, and versatility in design, making it suitable for various applications including high-traffic areas

płytka kamieniołomu, kafelek kamieniołomu

płytka kamieniołomu, kafelek kamieniołomu

putty
[Rzeczownik]

a pliable material used for filling gaps and cracks in surfaces, providing a smooth and durable finish

kit, szpachlówka

kit, szpachlówka

limestone
[Rzeczownik]

a hard gray or white rock that contains calcium and is used for making cement or as a building material

wapień, skała wapienna

wapień, skała wapienna

laminate
[Rzeczownik]

a type of surfacing material that is created by bonding multiple layers of paper or resin-impregnated fabric together with a clear top layer of melamine resin

laminat, materiał warstwowy

laminat, materiał warstwowy

iron
[Rzeczownik]

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

żelazo, metal

żelazo, metal

Ex: Children need sufficient iron for proper growth and development .Dzieci potrzebują wystarczającej ilości **żelaza** do prawidłowego wzrostu i rozwoju.
granite
[Rzeczownik]

a durable and visually appealing natural rock used for countertops, flooring, and other architectural applications

granit, kamień granitowy

granit, kamień granitowy

filler
[Rzeczownik]

a substance used to fill gaps or imperfections in surfaces

wypełniacz, szpachlówka

wypełniacz, szpachlówka

daub
[Rzeczownik]

a mixture of clay, earth, straw, and sometimes animal dung or other organic materials that is applied as a plaster or coating to walls, typically over a framework of wooden sticks or wattle

szlam, błoto

szlam, błoto

caulk
[Rzeczownik]

a flexible material, often in the form of a sealant or filler, used to seal gaps, joints, or cracks in various surfaces, such as walls, windows, or pipes, to prevent air, water, or pests from entering or escaping

uszczelniacz, kit

uszczelniacz, kit

bitumen
[Rzeczownik]

a thick, black or dark brown substance made from petroleum that is used to make roads and roofs

bitum, asfalt

bitum, asfalt

aggregate
[Rzeczownik]

a mixture of sand, gravel, crushed stone, or other granular materials used in construction as a main component in concrete, asphalt, and other building materials to provide strength, stability, and durability

kruszywo, agregat

kruszywo, agregat

slab
[Rzeczownik]

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

płyta, płytka

płyta, płytka

rubble
[Rzeczownik]

the damaged bricks, stones, or other material of a building that remain after its destruction

gruz, rumowisko

gruz, rumowisko

Ex: Volunteers helped clear the rubble from the streets following the devastating hurricane .Wolontariusze pomogli usunąć **gruz** z ulic po niszczycielskim huraganie.
plate glass
[Rzeczownik]

a thick high quality sheet of glass used for windows of shops or doors

szkło płaskie, szyba wystawowa

szkło płaskie, szyba wystawowa

mortar
[Rzeczownik]

a substance that is a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used for fixing bricks and stones in a building

zaprawa, cement

zaprawa, cement

masonry
[Rzeczownik]

stones or bricks that a building or wall is made of

murarka, kamieniarstwo

murarka, kamieniarstwo

marble
[Rzeczownik]

a type of hard smooth rock that is mostly white in color and has colored lines, which is used as building material or in making statues

marmur, kamień marmurowy

marmur, kamień marmurowy

Ex: The kitchen countertops were made of polished marble, adding a touch of sophistication to the modern design .Blaty kuchenne były wykonane z polerowanego **marmuru**, dodając nutę wyrafinowania do nowoczesnego designu.
joist
[Rzeczownik]

a metal or wooden thick bar used in buildings to support a ceiling or floor

belka, legar

belka, legar

drywall
[Rzeczownik]

a building material that is consisted of a layer of plaster between two sheets of thick paper, used for covering walls and ceilings

płyta gipsowa, sucha zabudowa

płyta gipsowa, sucha zabudowa

Ex: The drywall in the new office building was installed with soundproofing materials to reduce noise .
cement
[Rzeczownik]

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

cement

cement

Ex: She smoothed the wet cement with a trowel , carefully shaping it into the desired form for the garden path .Wygładziła mokry **cement** kielnią, starannie kształtując go w pożądany kształt dla ścieżki ogrodowej.
breeze block
[Rzeczownik]

a building block that is light in weight and is made of mixture of cement with sand and ashes of coal

bloczek betonowy, bloczek popiołowy

bloczek betonowy, bloczek popiołowy

asbestos
[Rzeczownik]

a soft greyish substance that is resistant to fire and heat and was previously used in the buildings, clothing, etc.

azbest, amiant

azbest, amiant

Ex: Asbestos was once widely used for its fire-resistant properties , but its use has been largely banned due to serious health concerns .**Azbest** był kiedyś powszechnie stosowany ze względu na swoje właściwości ognioodporne, ale jego użycie zostało w dużej mierze zakazane z powodu poważnych obaw zdrowotnych.
cork
[Rzeczownik]

a versatile material derived from the outer bark of the cork oak tree, known for its lightweight, elastic, and impermeable qualities, used in various applications

korek, materiał korkowy

korek, materiał korkowy

corrugated metal
[Rzeczownik]

a type of sheet metal that is formed into a series of parallel ridges and grooves, creating a wavy or ribbed pattern

blacha falista, metal falisty

blacha falista, metal falisty

stainless steel
[Rzeczownik]

a corrosion-resistant alloy used in various industries for its durability and aesthetic qualities

stal nierdzewna, nierdzewka

stal nierdzewna, nierdzewka

metal mesh
[Rzeczownik]

a material made from interconnected metal wires or strands woven or welded together to form a flexible and open pattern

siatka metalowa, dratwa metalowa

siatka metalowa, dratwa metalowa

glass block
[Rzeczownik]

a solid, translucent block made of glass, typically square or rectangular in shape, used in architectural and design applications

blok szklany, cegła szklana

blok szklany, cegła szklana

precast concrete
[Rzeczownik]

concrete elements that are cast and cured in a controlled environment before being transported to the construction site

beton prefabrykowany, elementy betonu prefabrykowanego

beton prefabrykowany, elementy betonu prefabrykowanego

stone veneer
[Rzeczownik]

a thin layer of natural or manufactured stone that is applied to the surface of a wall or structure to simulate the appearance of a full stone construction

okładzina kamienna, fornir kamienny

okładzina kamienna, fornir kamienny

Ex: The patio wall was finished with a durable stone veneer that blends well with the garden .Ściana tarasu została wykończona trwałym **okładziną kamienną**, która dobrze komponuje się z ogrodem.
slate tile
[Rzeczownik]

a type of thin, flat tile made from natural slate stone, commonly used in flooring, roofing, and wall applications

płytka łupkowa, dachówka łupkowa

płytka łupkowa, dachówka łupkowa

Ex: The homeowner selected slate tiles for the hallway to create a rustic yet elegant feel .Właściciel domu wybrał **płytki łupkowe** na korytarz, aby stworzyć rustykalny, ale elegancki klimat.
roofing tile
[Rzeczownik]

a type of building material designed specifically for covering and protecting roofs

dachówka, płytka dachowa

dachówka, płytka dachowa

Ex: The architect suggested using decorative roofing tiles to enhance the building 's appearance .Architekt zasugerował użycie dekoracyjnych **dachówek**, aby poprawić wygląd budynku.
thatch
[Rzeczownik]

reeds or straws that are used to build a roof

strzecha, dach ze strzechy

strzecha, dach ze strzechy

adobe
[Rzeczownik]

a building material consisting of the mixture mud and straw dried in the sun

adobe, cegła suszona na słońcu

adobe, cegła suszona na słońcu

polycarbonate
[Rzeczownik]

a durable and lightweight thermoplastic material commonly used in construction for its high impact resistance and transparency

poliwęglan, trwały i lekki materiał termoplastyczny powszechnie stosowany w budownictwie ze względu na wysoką odporność na uderzenia i przezroczystość

poliwęglan, trwały i lekki materiał termoplastyczny powszechnie stosowany w budownictwie ze względu na wysoką odporność na uderzenia i przezroczystość

Ex: Polycarbonate roofing is often used for outdoor areas because it is durable and lets in plenty of light.
vinyl
[Rzeczownik]

a synthetic plastic material widely used in construction for its durability, versatility, and affordability

winyl, PVC

winyl, PVC

GFRC
[Rzeczownik]

a composite material that combines cement, sand, water, and glass fibers to create a strong and lightweight concrete product

materiał kompozytowy łączący cement,  piasek

materiał kompozytowy łączący cement, piasek

Ex: The contractor suggested GFRC for the new sculptures in the park due to its durability and weather resistance .
plaster
[Rzeczownik]

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

tynk, gips

tynk, gips

clay
[Rzeczownik]

a type of heavy and sticky soil that is molded when wet and is baked to become hardened in pottery or ceramic making

glina, ił

glina, ił

Ex: The clay hardened after being baked in the kiln .**Glina** stwardniała po wypaleniu w piecu.
lumber
[Rzeczownik]

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

tarcica, drewno budowlane

tarcica, drewno budowlane

ceramic
[Rzeczownik]

a non-metallic, inorganic material that is typically made from clay, minerals, and other raw materials

ceramika, garncarstwo

ceramika, garncarstwo

Ex: Ceramic is are ideal for making durable, long-lasting products.**Ceramika** jest idealna do wytwarzania trwałych, długotrwałych produktów.
terracotta
[Rzeczownik]

a type of fired clay that is commonly used for architectural and decorative purposes

terakota, wypalana glina

terakota, wypalana glina

metal
[Rzeczownik]

a usually solid and hard substance that heat and electricity can move through, such as gold, iron, etc.

metal

metal

Ex: Mercury is a unique metal that is liquid at room temperature , commonly used in thermometers and barometers .Rtęć to unikalny **metal**, który jest cieczą w temperaturze pokojowej, powszechnie stosowany w termometrach i barometrach.
glass
[Rzeczownik]

a hard material that is often clear and is used for making windows, bottles, etc.

szkło, kieliszek

szkło, kieliszek

Ex: Modern smartphones use toughened glass to protect their screens .
steel
[Rzeczownik]

a type of hard metal that is made of a mixture of iron and carbon, used in construction of buildings, vehicles, etc.

stal, twardy metal

stal, twardy metal

Ex: The ship was built with steel to withstand the harsh conditions at sea .Statek został zbudowany ze **stali**, aby wytrzymać trudne warunki na morzu.
stone
[Rzeczownik]

a hard material, usually made of minerals, and often used for building things

kamień

kamień

Ex: The quarry produces various types of stone for construction projects .Kamieniołom produkuje różne rodzaje **kamienia** dla projektów budowlanych.
brick
[Rzeczownik]

a block of baked clay, mostly used to build houses, walls, etc.

cegła, klinkier

cegła, klinkier

Ex: He learned how to lay bricks as part of his training in construction .Nauczył się kłaść **cegły** jako część swojego szkolenia w budownictwie.
concrete
[Rzeczownik]

a hard material used for building structures, made by mixing cement, water, sand, and small stones

beton

beton

Ex: The construction project involved a large amount of concrete for various structures .Projekt budowlany obejmował dużą ilość **betonu** do różnych konstrukcji.
roofing
[Rzeczownik]

materials that are used for building a roof

pokrycie dachowe,  materiały dachowe

pokrycie dachowe, materiały dachowe

board
[Rzeczownik]

a flat, long, and thin piece made of wood used for building a house, apartment, etc.

deska, płyta

deska, płyta

plank
[Rzeczownik]

a long, flat, and rectangular piece of wood or other materials, typically used in construction, flooring, or as a structural element in various applications

deska, plank

deska, plank

clapboard
[Rzeczownik]

a type of wooden siding made from overlapping, tapered boards, commonly used for weather-resistant and visually appealing exterior cladding in residential construction

deska pokryciowa zachodząca, okładzina drewniana zachodząca

deska pokryciowa zachodząca, okładzina drewniana zachodząca

fiberboard
[Rzeczownik]

an engineered wood product made from wood fibers or plant-based fibers, used in construction and furniture manufacturing for its versatility and cost-effectiveness

płyta pilśniowa, płyta wiórowa

płyta pilśniowa, płyta wiórowa

Ex: We replaced the old drywall with fiberboard, which is more resistant to moisture .
floorboard
[Rzeczownik]

a long, narrow plank, typically made of wood or other materials, used as a structural or decorative component in the construction of floors, providing a sturdy and visually appealing surface for walking or supporting furniture

deska podłogowa, listwa podłogowa

deska podłogowa, listwa podłogowa

hardboard
[Rzeczownik]

a dense and durable engineered wood product made by compressing wood fibers, commonly used in furniture, cabinets, and wall paneling

płyta pilśniowa, twarda płyta

płyta pilśniowa, twarda płyta

Ex: The designer selected hardboard for the wall panels because it is resistant to moisture and easy to clean .
plywood
[Rzeczownik]

a strong and versatile engineered wood product made by bonding layers of thin wood veneers together, widely used in construction, furniture, and other applications

sklejka, płyta sklejkowa

sklejka, płyta sklejkowa

Ex: Plywood is a popular material for DIY projects because it is easy to cut and shape .
shingle
[Rzeczownik]

a thin, flat piece of material, often made of wood, asphalt, or slate, that is laid in overlapping rows to cover the roof of a building, providing protection against weather elements

gont, dachówka

gont, dachówka

insulation
[Rzeczownik]

the materials that are used to cover something in order not to let heat, electricity, or sound to enter or escape through it

izolacja,  ocieplenie

izolacja, ocieplenie

Ex: Proper insulation of the pipes prevents them from freezing during cold weather .Właściwa **izolacja** rur zapobiega ich zamarzaniu podczas zimnej pogody.
flooring
[Rzeczownik]

the materials that make up the floor of a building or room

podłoga, materiał podłogowy

podłoga, materiał podłogowy

Ex: The warehouse installed industrial-grade epoxy flooring for durability in heavy traffic areas.Magazyn zainstalował przemysłowe **posadzki** epoksydowe dla trwałości w obszarach o dużym natężeniu ruchu.

a strong and durable construction material created by introducing internal stresses through tensioned steel tendons within the concrete

beton sprężony, żelbet sprężony

beton sprężony, żelbet sprężony

Ex: Pre-stressed concrete is often used for large spans in bridges because it can carry more weight without bending .
brownstone
[Rzeczownik]

a type of sedimentary rock, typically sandstone, that is brown or reddish-brown in color and used for constructing facades and decorative elements in buildings

brązowy piaskowiec, brązowy kamień

brązowy piaskowiec, brązowy kamień

polyvinyl chloride
[Rzeczownik]

a synthetic thermoplastic polymer widely used in various applications, including construction, plumbing, electrical insulation, and packaging, due to its durability, versatility, and cost-effectiveness

polichlorek winylu, PVC

polichlorek winylu, PVC

Ex: The construction project used PVC siding for the house, as it is both cost-effective and long-lasting.
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