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Arhitectură și Construcții - Materiale de Construcție

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de materialele de construcție, cum ar fi "chit", "piatră de var" și "granit".

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
sandstone
sandstone
[substantiv]

a sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized grains, commonly used in construction for its durability and natural beauty

gresie, piatră de nisip

gresie, piatră de nisip

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quarry tile
quarry tile
[substantiv]

a durable ceramic tile made from clay, known for its strength, stain resistance, and versatility in design, making it suitable for various applications including high-traffic areas

placă de carieră, faianță de carieră

placă de carieră, faianță de carieră

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putty
putty
[substantiv]

a pliable material used for filling gaps and cracks in surfaces, providing a smooth and durable finish

chit, masă de umplutură

chit, masă de umplutură

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limestone
limestone
[substantiv]

a hard gray or white rock that contains calcium and is used for making cement or as a building material

calcar, piatră de var

calcar, piatră de var

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laminate
laminate
[substantiv]

a type of surfacing material that is created by bonding multiple layers of paper or resin-impregnated fabric together with a clear top layer of melamine resin

laminat, material stratificat

laminat, material stratificat

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iron
iron
[substantiv]

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

fier, metal

fier, metal

Ex: Iron is commonly used in construction to make buildings and bridges. 
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granite
granite
[substantiv]

a durable and visually appealing natural rock used for countertops, flooring, and other architectural applications

granit, piatră de granit

granit, piatră de granit

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filler
filler
[substantiv]

a substance used to fill gaps or imperfections in surfaces

umplutură, chit

umplutură, chit

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daub
daub
[substantiv]

a mixture of clay, earth, straw, and sometimes animal dung or other organic materials that is applied as a plaster or coating to walls, typically over a framework of wooden sticks or wattle

mortar, noroi

mortar, noroi

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caulk
caulk
[substantiv]

a filler used in construction and repairs to make joints watertight

chit, masă de etanșare

chit, masă de etanșare

Ex: Apply caulk around the bathtub to prevent leaks. 
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bitumen
bitumen
[substantiv]

a thick, black or dark brown substance made from petroleum that is used to make roads and roofs

bitum, asfalt

bitum, asfalt

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aggregate
aggregate
[substantiv]

a mixture of sand, gravel, crushed stone, or other granular materials used in construction as a main component in concrete, asphalt, and other building materials to provide strength, stability, and durability

agregat, amestec granular

agregat, amestec granular

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slab
slab
[substantiv]

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

placă, lespede

placă, lespede

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rubble
rubble
[substantiv]

the damaged bricks, stones, or other material of a building that remain after its destruction

dărâmături, moloz

dărâmături, moloz

Ex: After the earthquake, the town was covered in rubble, making it difficult to navigate through the streets. 
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plate glass
plate glass
[substantiv]

a thick high quality sheet of glass used for windows of shops or doors

sticlă plată, geam de vitrină

sticlă plată, geam de vitrină

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mortar
mortar
[substantiv]

a mixture, typically of sand, lime, or cement, used to bond masonry units together or to coat walls

mortar, mortar de ciment

mortar, mortar de ciment

Ex: The mason spread mortar between the bricks. 
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masonry
masonry
[substantiv]

stones or bricks that a building or wall is made of

zidărie, piatră

zidărie, piatră

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marble
marble
[substantiv]

a type of hard smooth rock that is mostly white in color and has colored lines, which is used as building material or in making statues

marmură, piatră de marmură

marmură, piatră de marmură

Ex: The grand staircase in the mansion was adorned with marble steps, gleaming in the sunlight that streamed through the stained glass windows. 
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joist
joist
[substantiv]

a metal or wooden thick bar used in buildings to support a ceiling or floor

grindă, traversă

grindă, traversă

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drywall
drywall
[substantiv]

a building material that is consisted of a layer of plaster between two sheets of thick paper, used for covering walls and ceilings

carton-gips, perete uscat

carton-gips, perete uscat

Ex: The contractor finished installing the drywall in the living room, making the space look much more complete. 
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cement
cement
[substantiv]

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

ciment

ciment

Ex: The construction crew poured cement into the foundation trenches, beginning the process of building the new house. 
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breeze block
breeze block
[substantiv]

a building block that is light in weight and is made of mixture of cement with sand and ashes of coal

bloc de beton celular, bloc de cenușă

bloc de beton celular, bloc de cenușă

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asbestos
asbestos
[substantiv]

a soft greyish substance that is resistant to fire and heat and was previously used in the buildings, clothing, etc.

azbest, amiant

azbest, amiant

Ex: The old building was closed for renovation when inspectors found asbestos in the insulation, posing a health risk to occupants. 
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cork
cork
[substantiv]

a versatile material derived from the outer bark of the cork oak tree, known for its lightweight, elastic, and impermeable qualities, used in various applications

plută, material de plută

plută, material de plută

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corrugated metal
corrugated metal
[substantiv]

a type of sheet metal that is formed into a series of parallel ridges and grooves, creating a wavy or ribbed pattern

tablă ondulată, metal ondulat

tablă ondulată, metal ondulat

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stainless steel
stainless steel
[substantiv]

a corrosion-resistant alloy used in various industries for its durability and aesthetic qualities

oțel inoxidabil, inox

oțel inoxidabil, inox

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metal mesh
metal mesh
[substantiv]

a material made from interconnected metal wires or strands woven or welded together to form a flexible and open pattern

plasă metalică, rețea metalică

plasă metalică, rețea metalică

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glass block
glass block
[substantiv]

a solid, translucent block made of glass, typically square or rectangular in shape, used in architectural and design applications

bloc de sticlă, cărămidă de sticlă

bloc de sticlă, cărămidă de sticlă

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precast concrete
precast concrete
[substantiv]

concrete elements that are cast and cured in a controlled environment before being transported to the construction site

beton prefabricat, elemente din beton prefabricat

beton prefabricat, elemente din beton prefabricat

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stone veneer
stone veneer
[substantiv]

a thin layer of natural or manufactured stone that is applied to the surface of a wall or structure to simulate the appearance of a full stone construction

furnir de piatră, placare de piatră

furnir de piatră, placare de piatră

Ex: The house’s exterior was updated with a stone veneer to give it a more rustic appearance. 
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slate tile
slate tile
[substantiv]

a type of thin, flat tile made from natural slate stone, commonly used in flooring, roofing, and wall applications

placă de ardezie, țiglă de ardezie

placă de ardezie, țiglă de ardezie

Ex: The bathroom floor was finished with slate tiles, giving it a modern yet natural look. 
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roofing tile
roofing tile
[substantiv]

a type of building material designed specifically for covering and protecting roofs

țiglă de acoperiș, olane

țiglă de acoperiș, olane

Ex: The new house was designed with red clay roofing tiles for a traditional look. 
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thatch
thatch
[substantiv]

reeds or straws that are used to build a roof

paie, acoperiș de paie

paie, acoperiș de paie

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adobe
adobe
[substantiv]

a building material consisting of the mixture mud and straw dried in the sun

adobe, cărămidă de chirpici

adobe, cărămidă de chirpici

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polycarbonate
polycarbonate
[substantiv]

a durable and lightweight thermoplastic material commonly used in construction for its high impact resistance and transparency

policarbonat, un material termoplastic durabil și ușor utilizat în mod obișnuit în construcții datorită rezistenței sale ridicate la impact și transparenței

policarbonat, un material termoplastic durabil și ușor utilizat în mod obișnuit în construcții datorită rezistenței sale ridicate la impact și transparenței

Ex: The skylights were covered with polycarbonate panels, allowing natural light to fill the room. 
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vinyl
vinyl
[substantiv]

a synthetic plastic material widely used in construction for its durability, versatility, and affordability

vinil, PVC

vinil, PVC

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GFRC
GFRC
[substantiv]

a composite material that combines cement, sand, water, and glass fibers to create a strong and lightweight concrete product

un material compozit care combină ciment,  nisip

un material compozit care combină ciment, nisip

Ex: The architects chose GFRC for the building's exterior because it was both strong and lightweight. 
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plaster
plaster
[substantiv]

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

tencuială, gips

tencuială, gips

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clay
clay
[substantiv]

a type of heavy and sticky soil that is molded when wet and is baked to become hardened in pottery or ceramic making

argilă, lut

argilă, lut

Ex: She shaped the wet clay into a bowl. 
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lumber
lumber
[substantiv]

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

cherestea, lemn de construcție

cherestea, lemn de construcție

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ceramic
ceramic
[substantiv]

a non-metallic, inorganic material that is typically made from clay, minerals, and other raw materials

ceramică, olărie

ceramică, olărie

Ex: The vase was made of high-quality ceramic. 
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terracotta
terracotta
[substantiv]

a type of fired clay that is commonly used for architectural and decorative purposes

teracotă, argilă arsă

teracotă, argilă arsă

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metal
metal
[substantiv]

a usually solid and hard substance that heat and electricity can move through, such as gold, iron, etc.

metal

metal

Ex: Iron is a commonly used metal in construction and manufacturing. 
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glass
glass
[substantiv]

a hard material that is often clear and is used for making windows, bottles, etc.

sticlă, pahar

sticlă, pahar

Ex: She drank water from a glass bottle to reduce plastic waste. 
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steel
steel
[substantiv]

a type of hard metal that is made of a mixture of iron and carbon, used in construction of buildings, vehicles, etc.

oțel, metal dur

oțel, metal dur

Ex: The skyscraper's framework was constructed with high-quality steel. 
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stone
stone
[substantiv]

a hard material, usually made of minerals, and often used for building things

piatră

piatră

Ex: The old castle was built entirely of stone, giving it a sturdy and imposing appearance. 
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brick
brick
[substantiv]

a block of baked clay, mostly used to build houses, walls, etc.

cărămidă, bloc de lut

cărămidă, bloc de lut

Ex: The walls of the house were built with red bricks, giving it a classic look. 
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concrete
concrete
[substantiv]

a hard material used for building structures, made by mixing cement, water, sand, and small stones

beton

beton

Ex: The workers poured concrete to create a sturdy foundation for the house. 
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roofing
roofing
[substantiv]

materials that are used for building a roof

acoperiș,  material pentru acoperiș

acoperiș, material pentru acoperiș

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board
board
[substantiv]

a solid, sawn piece of timber, typically long and flat, used in construction or other applications

scândură, placă

scândură, placă

Ex: They nailed the boards together to make a fence. 
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plank
plank
[substantiv]

a long, flat, and rectangular piece of wood or other materials, typically used in construction, flooring, or as a structural element in various applications

scândură, plancă

scândură, plancă

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clapboard
clapboard
[substantiv]

a type of wooden siding made from overlapping, tapered boards, commonly used for weather-resistant and visually appealing exterior cladding in residential construction

scândură de placare suprapusă, placare din lemn suprapusă

scândură de placare suprapusă, placare din lemn suprapusă

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fiberboard
fiberboard
[substantiv]

an engineered wood product made from wood fibers or plant-based fibers, used in construction and furniture manufacturing for its versatility and cost-effectiveness

placă de fibră, fibrolită

placă de fibră, fibrolită

Ex: The contractor used fiberboard for the interior panels of the walls. 
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floorboard
floorboard
[substantiv]

a long, narrow plank, typically made of wood or other materials, used as a structural or decorative component in the construction of floors, providing a sturdy and visually appealing surface for walking or supporting furniture

scândură de pardoseală, placă de pardoseală

scândură de pardoseală, placă de pardoseală

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hardboard
hardboard
[substantiv]

a dense and durable engineered wood product made by compressing wood fibers, commonly used in furniture, cabinets, and wall paneling

placaj din fibră, hardboard

placaj din fibră, hardboard

Ex: The carpenter used hardboard for the back panels of the wardrobe to ensure durability. 
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plywood
plywood
[substantiv]

a strong and versatile engineered wood product made by bonding layers of thin wood veneers together, widely used in construction, furniture, and other applications

placaj, placă de placaj

placaj, placă de placaj

Ex: The builder used plywood to create the floorboards for the new house. 
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shingle
shingle
[substantiv]

a thin piece of material, such as wood, slate, or asphalt, used for siding or roofing

șindrilă, țiglă

șindrilă, țiglă

Ex: The roof was covered with cedar shingles. 
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insulation
insulation
[substantiv]

the materials that are used to cover something in order not to let heat, electricity, or sound to enter or escape through it

izolare,  izolație

izolare, izolație

Ex: The house's attic was fitted with extra insulation to keep it warm in winter. 
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flooring
flooring
[substantiv]

the materials that make up the floor of a building or room

pardoseală, material de pardoseală

pardoseală, material de pardoseală

Ex: The hardwood flooring in the living room added warmth and elegance to the space. 
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pre-stressed concrete

a strong and durable construction material created by introducing internal stresses through tensioned steel tendons within the concrete

beton precomprimat, beton pretensionat

beton precomprimat, beton pretensionat

Ex: The bridge was built using pre-stressed concrete to ensure it could withstand heavy traffic loads. 
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brownstone
brownstone
[substantiv]

a type of sedimentary rock, typically sandstone, that is brown or reddish-brown in color and used for constructing facades and decorative elements in buildings

gresie brună, piatră brună

gresie brună, piatră brună

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polyvinyl chloride
polyvinyl chloride
[substantiv]

a synthetic thermoplastic polymer widely used in various applications, including construction, plumbing, electrical insulation, and packaging, due to its durability, versatility, and cost-effectiveness

clorură de polivinil, PVC

clorură de polivinil, PVC

Ex: PVC is often used for window frames because it is durable and resistant to weather damage. 
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