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Arhitectură și Construcții - Materiale de construcție

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de materialele de construcție, cum ar fi "chit", "piatră de var" și "granit".

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
sandstone
[substantiv]

a sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized grains, commonly used in construction for its durability and natural beauty

gresie, piatră de nisip

gresie, piatră de nisip

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quarry tile
[substantiv]

a durable ceramic tile made from clay, known for its strength, stain resistance, and versatility in design, making it suitable for various applications including high-traffic areas

placă de carieră, faianță de carieră

placă de carieră, faianță de carieră

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putty
[substantiv]

a pliable material used for filling gaps and cracks in surfaces, providing a smooth and durable finish

chit, masă de umplutură

chit, masă de umplutură

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limestone
[substantiv]

a hard gray or white rock that contains calcium and is used for making cement or as a building material

calcar, piatră de var

calcar, piatră de var

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laminate
[substantiv]

a type of surfacing material that is created by bonding multiple layers of paper or resin-impregnated fabric together with a clear top layer of melamine resin

laminat, material stratificat

laminat, material stratificat

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iron
[substantiv]

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

fier, metal

fier, metal

Ex: Children need sufficient iron for proper growth and development .Copiii au nevoie de suficient **fier** pentru o creștere și dezvoltare corespunzătoare.
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granite
[substantiv]

a durable and visually appealing natural rock used for countertops, flooring, and other architectural applications

granit, piatră de granit

granit, piatră de granit

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filler
[substantiv]

a substance used to fill gaps or imperfections in surfaces

umplutură, chit

umplutură, chit

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daub
[substantiv]

a mixture of clay, earth, straw, and sometimes animal dung or other organic materials that is applied as a plaster or coating to walls, typically over a framework of wooden sticks or wattle

mortar, noroi

mortar, noroi

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caulk
[substantiv]

a flexible material, often in the form of a sealant or filler, used to seal gaps, joints, or cracks in various surfaces, such as walls, windows, or pipes, to prevent air, water, or pests from entering or escaping

chit, material de etanșare

chit, material de etanșare

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bitumen
[substantiv]

a thick, black or dark brown substance made from petroleum that is used to make roads and roofs

bitum, asfalt

bitum, asfalt

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aggregate
[substantiv]

a mixture of sand, gravel, crushed stone, or other granular materials used in construction as a main component in concrete, asphalt, and other building materials to provide strength, stability, and durability

agregat, amestec granular

agregat, amestec granular

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slab
[substantiv]

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

placă, lespede

placă, lespede

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rubble
[substantiv]

the damaged bricks, stones, or other material of a building that remain after its destruction

dărâmături, moloz

dărâmături, moloz

Ex: Volunteers helped clear the rubble from the streets following the devastating hurricane .Voluntarii au ajutat la curățarea **dărâmăturilor** de pe străzi după uraganul devastator.
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plate glass
[substantiv]

a thick high quality sheet of glass used for windows of shops or doors

sticlă plată, geam de vitrină

sticlă plată, geam de vitrină

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mortar
[substantiv]

a substance that is a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used for fixing bricks and stones in a building

mortar, ciment

mortar, ciment

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masonry
[substantiv]

stones or bricks that a building or wall is made of

zidărie, piatră

zidărie, piatră

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marble
[substantiv]

a type of hard smooth rock that is mostly white in color and has colored lines, which is used as building material or in making statues

marmură, piatră de marmură

marmură, piatră de marmură

Ex: The kitchen countertops were made of polished marble, adding a touch of sophistication to the modern design .Blaturile de bucătărie erau realizate din **marmură** lustruită, adăugând o notă de rafinament designului modern.
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joist
[substantiv]

a metal or wooden thick bar used in buildings to support a ceiling or floor

grindă, traversă

grindă, traversă

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drywall
[substantiv]

a building material that is consisted of a layer of plaster between two sheets of thick paper, used for covering walls and ceilings

carton-gips, perete uscat

carton-gips, perete uscat

Ex: The drywall in the new office building was installed with soundproofing materials to reduce noise .
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cement
[substantiv]

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

ciment

ciment

Ex: She smoothed the wet cement with a trowel , carefully shaping it into the desired form for the garden path .Ea a netezit **cimentul** umed cu o mistrie, modelându-l cu grijă în forma dorită pentru aleea din grădină.
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breeze block
[substantiv]

a building block that is light in weight and is made of mixture of cement with sand and ashes of coal

bloc de beton celular, bloc de cenușă

bloc de beton celular, bloc de cenușă

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asbestos
[substantiv]

a soft greyish substance that is resistant to fire and heat and was previously used in the buildings, clothing, etc.

azbest, amiant

azbest, amiant

Ex: Asbestos was once widely used for its fire-resistant properties , but its use has been largely banned due to serious health concerns .**Amiantul** a fost odată utilizat pe scară largă datorită proprietăților sale rezistente la foc, dar utilizarea sa a fost în mare parte interzisă din cauza unor probleme grave de sănătate.
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cork
[substantiv]

a versatile material derived from the outer bark of the cork oak tree, known for its lightweight, elastic, and impermeable qualities, used in various applications

plută, material de plută

plută, material de plută

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corrugated metal
[substantiv]

a type of sheet metal that is formed into a series of parallel ridges and grooves, creating a wavy or ribbed pattern

tablă ondulată, metal ondulat

tablă ondulată, metal ondulat

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stainless steel
[substantiv]

a corrosion-resistant alloy used in various industries for its durability and aesthetic qualities

oțel inoxidabil, inox

oțel inoxidabil, inox

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metal mesh
[substantiv]

a material made from interconnected metal wires or strands woven or welded together to form a flexible and open pattern

plasă metalică, rețea metalică

plasă metalică, rețea metalică

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glass block
[substantiv]

a solid, translucent block made of glass, typically square or rectangular in shape, used in architectural and design applications

bloc de sticlă, cărămidă de sticlă

bloc de sticlă, cărămidă de sticlă

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precast concrete
[substantiv]

concrete elements that are cast and cured in a controlled environment before being transported to the construction site

beton prefabricat, elemente din beton prefabricat

beton prefabricat, elemente din beton prefabricat

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stone veneer
[substantiv]

a thin layer of natural or manufactured stone that is applied to the surface of a wall or structure to simulate the appearance of a full stone construction

furnir de piatră, placare de piatră

furnir de piatră, placare de piatră

Ex: The patio wall was finished with a durable stone veneer that blends well with the garden .Peretele patio a fost finisat cu un **furnir de piatră** durabil care se potrivește bine cu grădina.
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slate tile
[substantiv]

a type of thin, flat tile made from natural slate stone, commonly used in flooring, roofing, and wall applications

placă de ardezie, țiglă de ardezie

placă de ardezie, țiglă de ardezie

Ex: The homeowner selected slate tiles for the hallway to create a rustic yet elegant feel .Proprietarul a ales **plăci de ardezie** pentru hol pentru a crea o senzație rustică dar elegantă.
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roofing tile
[substantiv]

a type of building material designed specifically for covering and protecting roofs

țiglă de acoperiș, olane

țiglă de acoperiș, olane

Ex: The architect suggested using decorative roofing tiles to enhance the building 's appearance .Arhitectul a sugerat utilizarea **țiglelor decorative** pentru a îmbunătăți aspectul clădirii.
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thatch
[substantiv]

reeds or straws that are used to build a roof

paie, acoperiș de paie

paie, acoperiș de paie

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adobe
[substantiv]

a building material consisting of the mixture mud and straw dried in the sun

adobe, cărămidă de chirpici

adobe, cărămidă de chirpici

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polycarbonate
[substantiv]

a durable and lightweight thermoplastic material commonly used in construction for its high impact resistance and transparency

policarbonat, un material termoplastic durabil și ușor utilizat în mod obișnuit în construcții datorită rezistenței sale ridicate la impact și transparenței

policarbonat, un material termoplastic durabil și ușor utilizat în mod obișnuit în construcții datorită rezistenței sale ridicate la impact și transparenței

Ex: Polycarbonate roofing is often used for outdoor areas because it is durable and lets in plenty of light.
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vinyl
[substantiv]

a synthetic plastic material widely used in construction for its durability, versatility, and affordability

vinil, PVC

vinil, PVC

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GFRC
[substantiv]

a composite material that combines cement, sand, water, and glass fibers to create a strong and lightweight concrete product

un material compozit care combină ciment,  nisip

un material compozit care combină ciment, nisip

Ex: The contractor suggested GFRC for the new sculptures in the park due to its durability and weather resistance .
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plaster
[substantiv]

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

tencuială, gips

tencuială, gips

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clay
[substantiv]

a type of heavy and sticky soil that is molded when wet and is baked to become hardened in pottery or ceramic making

argilă, lut

argilă, lut

Ex: The clay hardened after being baked in the kiln .**Lutul** s-a întărit după ce a fost copt în cuptor.
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lumber
[substantiv]

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

cherestea, lemn de construcție

cherestea, lemn de construcție

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ceramic
[substantiv]

a non-metallic, inorganic material that is typically made from clay, minerals, and other raw materials

ceramică, olărie

ceramică, olărie

Ex: Ceramic is are ideal for making durable, long-lasting products.**Ceramica** este ideală pentru fabricarea de produse durabile și de lungă durată.
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terracotta
[substantiv]

a type of fired clay that is commonly used for architectural and decorative purposes

teracotă, argilă arsă

teracotă, argilă arsă

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metal
[substantiv]

a usually solid and hard substance that heat and electricity can move through, such as gold, iron, etc.

metal

metal

Ex: Mercury is a unique metal that is liquid at room temperature , commonly used in thermometers and barometers .Mercurul este un **metal** unic care este lichid la temperatura camerei, utilizat în mod obișnuit în termometre și barometre.
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glass
[substantiv]

a hard material that is often clear and is used for making windows, bottles, etc.

sticlă, pahar

sticlă, pahar

Ex: Modern smartphones use toughened glass to protect their screens .
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steel
[substantiv]

a type of hard metal that is made of a mixture of iron and carbon, used in construction of buildings, vehicles, etc.

oțel, metal dur

oțel, metal dur

Ex: The ship was built with steel to withstand the harsh conditions at sea .Nava a fost construită din **oțel** pentru a rezista condițiilor dure de pe mare.
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stone
[substantiv]

a hard material, usually made of minerals, and often used for building things

piatră

piatră

Ex: The quarry produces various types of stone for construction projects .Cariera produce diverse tipuri de **piatră** pentru proiecte de construcții.
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brick
[substantiv]

a block of baked clay, mostly used to build houses, walls, etc.

cărămidă, bloc de lut

cărămidă, bloc de lut

Ex: He learned how to lay bricks as part of his training in construction .A învățat cum să așeze **cărămizi** ca parte a instruirii sale în construcții.
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concrete
[substantiv]

a hard material used for building structures, made by mixing cement, water, sand, and small stones

beton

beton

Ex: The construction project involved a large amount of concrete for various structures .Proiectul de construcție a implicat o cantitate mare de **beton** pentru diverse structuri.
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roofing
[substantiv]

materials that are used for building a roof

acoperiș,  material pentru acoperiș

acoperiș, material pentru acoperiș

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board
[substantiv]

a flat, long, and thin piece made of wood used for building a house, apartment, etc.

scândură, placă

scândură, placă

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plank
[substantiv]

a long, flat, and rectangular piece of wood or other materials, typically used in construction, flooring, or as a structural element in various applications

scândură, plancă

scândură, plancă

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clapboard
[substantiv]

a type of wooden siding made from overlapping, tapered boards, commonly used for weather-resistant and visually appealing exterior cladding in residential construction

scândură de placare suprapusă, placare din lemn suprapusă

scândură de placare suprapusă, placare din lemn suprapusă

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fiberboard
[substantiv]

an engineered wood product made from wood fibers or plant-based fibers, used in construction and furniture manufacturing for its versatility and cost-effectiveness

placă de fibră, fibrolită

placă de fibră, fibrolită

Ex: We replaced the old drywall with fiberboard, which is more resistant to moisture .
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floorboard
[substantiv]

a long, narrow plank, typically made of wood or other materials, used as a structural or decorative component in the construction of floors, providing a sturdy and visually appealing surface for walking or supporting furniture

scândură de pardoseală, placă de pardoseală

scândură de pardoseală, placă de pardoseală

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hardboard
[substantiv]

a dense and durable engineered wood product made by compressing wood fibers, commonly used in furniture, cabinets, and wall paneling

placaj din fibră, hardboard

placaj din fibră, hardboard

Ex: The designer selected hardboard for the wall panels because it is resistant to moisture and easy to clean .
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plywood
[substantiv]

a strong and versatile engineered wood product made by bonding layers of thin wood veneers together, widely used in construction, furniture, and other applications

placaj, placă de placaj

placaj, placă de placaj

Ex: Plywood is a popular material for DIY projects because it is easy to cut and shape .
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shingle
[substantiv]

a thin, flat piece of material, often made of wood, asphalt, or slate, that is laid in overlapping rows to cover the roof of a building, providing protection against weather elements

șindrilă, țiglă

șindrilă, țiglă

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insulation
[substantiv]

the materials that are used to cover something in order not to let heat, electricity, or sound to enter or escape through it

izolare,  izolație

izolare, izolație

Ex: Proper insulation of the pipes prevents them from freezing during cold weather .**Izolarea** adecvată a țevilor le împiedică să înghețe în timpul vremii reci.
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flooring
[substantiv]

the materials that make up the floor of a building or room

pardoseală, material de pardoseală

pardoseală, material de pardoseală

Ex: The warehouse installed industrial-grade epoxy flooring for durability in heavy traffic areas.Depozitul a instalat **pardoseli** din rășină epoxidică de calitate industrială pentru durabilitate în zonele cu trafic intens.
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a strong and durable construction material created by introducing internal stresses through tensioned steel tendons within the concrete

beton precomprimat, beton pretensionat

beton precomprimat, beton pretensionat

Ex: Pre-stressed concrete is often used for large spans in bridges because it can carry more weight without bending .
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brownstone
[substantiv]

a type of sedimentary rock, typically sandstone, that is brown or reddish-brown in color and used for constructing facades and decorative elements in buildings

gresie brună, piatră brună

gresie brună, piatră brună

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polyvinyl chloride
[substantiv]

a synthetic thermoplastic polymer widely used in various applications, including construction, plumbing, electrical insulation, and packaging, due to its durability, versatility, and cost-effectiveness

clorură de polivinil, PVC

clorură de polivinil, PVC

Ex: The construction project used PVC siding for the house, as it is both cost-effective and long-lasting.
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