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Architektura a Stavba - Stavební materiály

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související se stavebními materiály, jako je "tmel", "vápenec" a "žula".

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
sandstone
[Podstatné jméno]

a sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized grains, commonly used in construction for its durability and natural beauty

pískovec, pískový kámen

pískovec, pískový kámen

quarry tile
[Podstatné jméno]

a durable ceramic tile made from clay, known for its strength, stain resistance, and versatility in design, making it suitable for various applications including high-traffic areas

lomová dlaždice, kamenolomová dlažba

lomová dlaždice, kamenolomová dlažba

putty
[Podstatné jméno]

a pliable material used for filling gaps and cracks in surfaces, providing a smooth and durable finish

tmel, tmelení

tmel, tmelení

limestone
[Podstatné jméno]

a hard gray or white rock that contains calcium and is used for making cement or as a building material

vápenec, vápenná hornina

vápenec, vápenná hornina

laminate
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of surfacing material that is created by bonding multiple layers of paper or resin-impregnated fabric together with a clear top layer of melamine resin

laminát, vrstvený materiál

laminát, vrstvený materiál

iron
[Podstatné jméno]

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

železo, kov

železo, kov

Ex: Children need sufficient iron for proper growth and development .Děti potřebují dostatek **železa** pro správný růst a vývoj.
granite
[Podstatné jméno]

a durable and visually appealing natural rock used for countertops, flooring, and other architectural applications

žula, žulový kámen

žula, žulový kámen

filler
[Podstatné jméno]

a substance used to fill gaps or imperfections in surfaces

výplň, tmel

výplň, tmel

daub
[Podstatné jméno]

a mixture of clay, earth, straw, and sometimes animal dung or other organic materials that is applied as a plaster or coating to walls, typically over a framework of wooden sticks or wattle

mazanina, bláto

mazanina, bláto

caulk
[Podstatné jméno]

a flexible material, often in the form of a sealant or filler, used to seal gaps, joints, or cracks in various surfaces, such as walls, windows, or pipes, to prevent air, water, or pests from entering or escaping

tmel, těsnicí materiál

tmel, těsnicí materiál

bitumen
[Podstatné jméno]

a thick, black or dark brown substance made from petroleum that is used to make roads and roofs

bitumen, asfalt

bitumen, asfalt

aggregate
[Podstatné jméno]

a mixture of sand, gravel, crushed stone, or other granular materials used in construction as a main component in concrete, asphalt, and other building materials to provide strength, stability, and durability

kamenivo, agregát

kamenivo, agregát

slab
[Podstatné jméno]

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

deska, panel

deska, panel

rubble
[Podstatné jméno]

the damaged bricks, stones, or other material of a building that remain after its destruction

sutiny, trosky

sutiny, trosky

Ex: Volunteers helped clear the rubble from the streets following the devastating hurricane .Dobrovolníci pomohli vyčistit **trosky** z ulic po ničivém hurikánu.
plate glass
[Podstatné jméno]

a thick high quality sheet of glass used for windows of shops or doors

tabulové sklo, výlohové sklo

tabulové sklo, výlohové sklo

mortar
[Podstatné jméno]

a substance that is a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used for fixing bricks and stones in a building

malta, cement

malta, cement

masonry
[Podstatné jméno]

stones or bricks that a building or wall is made of

zdění, kamenné zdivo

zdění, kamenné zdivo

marble
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of hard smooth rock that is mostly white in color and has colored lines, which is used as building material or in making statues

mramor, mramorový kámen

mramor, mramorový kámen

Ex: The kitchen countertops were made of polished marble, adding a touch of sophistication to the modern design .Kuchyňské desky byly vyrobeny z leštěného **mramoru**, což dodalo modernímu designu nádech sofistikovanosti.
joist
[Podstatné jméno]

a metal or wooden thick bar used in buildings to support a ceiling or floor

trám, nosník

trám, nosník

drywall
[Podstatné jméno]

a building material that is consisted of a layer of plaster between two sheets of thick paper, used for covering walls and ceilings

sádrokarton, suchá stěna

sádrokarton, suchá stěna

Ex: The drywall in the new office building was installed with soundproofing materials to reduce noise .
cement
[Podstatné jméno]

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

cement

cement

Ex: She smoothed the wet cement with a trowel , carefully shaping it into the desired form for the garden path .Vyhladila mokrý **cement** hladítkem, opatrně ho tvarovala do požadovaného tvaru pro zahradní cestu.
breeze block
[Podstatné jméno]

a building block that is light in weight and is made of mixture of cement with sand and ashes of coal

pórobetonový blok, škvárový blok

pórobetonový blok, škvárový blok

asbestos
[Podstatné jméno]

a soft greyish substance that is resistant to fire and heat and was previously used in the buildings, clothing, etc.

azbest, amiant

azbest, amiant

Ex: Asbestos was once widely used for its fire-resistant properties , but its use has been largely banned due to serious health concerns .**Azbest** byl kdysi široce používán pro své požární vlastnosti, ale jeho používání bylo z velké části zakázáno kvůli vážným zdravotním obavám.
cork
[Podstatné jméno]

a versatile material derived from the outer bark of the cork oak tree, known for its lightweight, elastic, and impermeable qualities, used in various applications

korek, korkový materiál

korek, korkový materiál

corrugated metal
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of sheet metal that is formed into a series of parallel ridges and grooves, creating a wavy or ribbed pattern

vlnitý plech, zvlněný kov

vlnitý plech, zvlněný kov

stainless steel
[Podstatné jméno]

a corrosion-resistant alloy used in various industries for its durability and aesthetic qualities

nerezová ocel, nerez

nerezová ocel, nerez

metal mesh
[Podstatné jméno]

a material made from interconnected metal wires or strands woven or welded together to form a flexible and open pattern

kovová mřížka, kovové pletivo

kovová mřížka, kovové pletivo

glass block
[Podstatné jméno]

a solid, translucent block made of glass, typically square or rectangular in shape, used in architectural and design applications

skleněný blok, skleněná cihla

skleněný blok, skleněná cihla

precast concrete
[Podstatné jméno]

concrete elements that are cast and cured in a controlled environment before being transported to the construction site

prefabrikovaný beton, prefabrikované betonové prvky

prefabrikovaný beton, prefabrikované betonové prvky

stone veneer
[Podstatné jméno]

a thin layer of natural or manufactured stone that is applied to the surface of a wall or structure to simulate the appearance of a full stone construction

kamenný dýha, kamenný obklad

kamenný dýha, kamenný obklad

Ex: The patio wall was finished with a durable stone veneer that blends well with the garden .Zeď terasy byla dokončena odolným **kamenným dýhou**, která se dobře hodí k zahradě.
slate tile
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of thin, flat tile made from natural slate stone, commonly used in flooring, roofing, and wall applications

břidlicová dlaždice, břidlicová taška

břidlicová dlaždice, břidlicová taška

Ex: The homeowner selected slate tiles for the hallway to create a rustic yet elegant feel .Majitel domu vybral **břidlicové dlaždice** pro chodbu, aby vytvořil rustikální, ale elegantní pocit.
roofing tile
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of building material designed specifically for covering and protecting roofs

střešní taška, krytina

střešní taška, krytina

Ex: The architect suggested using decorative roofing tiles to enhance the building 's appearance .Architekt navrhl použít dekorativní **střešní tašky** ke zlepšení vzhledu budovy.
thatch
[Podstatné jméno]

reeds or straws that are used to build a roof

došek, došková střecha

došek, došková střecha

adobe
[Podstatné jméno]

a building material consisting of the mixture mud and straw dried in the sun

adobe, vepřovice

adobe, vepřovice

polycarbonate
[Podstatné jméno]

a durable and lightweight thermoplastic material commonly used in construction for its high impact resistance and transparency

polykarbonát, odolný a lehký termoplastický materiál běžně používaný ve stavebnictví pro svou vysokou odolnost proti nárazu a průhlednost

polykarbonát, odolný a lehký termoplastický materiál běžně používaný ve stavebnictví pro svou vysokou odolnost proti nárazu a průhlednost

Ex: Polycarbonate roofing is often used for outdoor areas because it is durable and lets in plenty of light.
vinyl
[Podstatné jméno]

a synthetic plastic material widely used in construction for its durability, versatility, and affordability

vinyl, PVC

vinyl, PVC

GFRC
[Podstatné jméno]

a composite material that combines cement, sand, water, and glass fibers to create a strong and lightweight concrete product

kompozitní materiál,  který kombinuje cement

kompozitní materiál, který kombinuje cement

Ex: The contractor suggested GFRC for the new sculptures in the park due to its durability and weather resistance .
plaster
[Podstatné jméno]

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

omítka, sádra

omítka, sádra

clay
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of heavy and sticky soil that is molded when wet and is baked to become hardened in pottery or ceramic making

hlína, jíl

hlína, jíl

Ex: The clay hardened after being baked in the kiln .**Hlína** ztvrdla po vypálení v peci.
lumber
[Podstatné jméno]

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

řezivo, stavební dřevo

řezivo, stavební dřevo

ceramic
[Podstatné jméno]

a non-metallic, inorganic material that is typically made from clay, minerals, and other raw materials

keramika, hrnčířství

keramika, hrnčířství

Ex: Ceramic is are ideal for making durable, long-lasting products.**Keramika** je ideální pro výrobu odolných, dlouhotrvajících výrobků.
terracotta
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of fired clay that is commonly used for architectural and decorative purposes

terakota, vypálená hlína

terakota, vypálená hlína

metal
[Podstatné jméno]

a usually solid and hard substance that heat and electricity can move through, such as gold, iron, etc.

kov

kov

Ex: Mercury is a unique metal that is liquid at room temperature , commonly used in thermometers and barometers .Rtuť je jedinečný **kov**, který je kapalný při pokojové teplotě, běžně používaný v teploměrech a barometrech.
glass
[Podstatné jméno]

a hard material that is often clear and is used for making windows, bottles, etc.

sklo, sklenice

sklo, sklenice

Ex: Modern smartphones use toughened glass to protect their screens .
steel
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of hard metal that is made of a mixture of iron and carbon, used in construction of buildings, vehicles, etc.

ocel, tvrdý kov

ocel, tvrdý kov

Ex: The ship was built with steel to withstand the harsh conditions at sea .Loď byla postavena z **oceli**, aby odolala drsným podmínkám na moři.
stone
[Podstatné jméno]

a hard material, usually made of minerals, and often used for building things

kámen

kámen

Ex: The quarry produces various types of stone for construction projects .Lom produkuje různé druhy **kamene** pro stavební projekty.
brick
[Podstatné jméno]

a block of baked clay, mostly used to build houses, walls, etc.

cihla, kámen

cihla, kámen

Ex: He learned how to lay bricks as part of his training in construction .Naučil se pokládat **cihly** jako součást svého školení ve stavebnictví.
concrete
[Podstatné jméno]

a hard material used for building structures, made by mixing cement, water, sand, and small stones

beton

beton

Ex: The construction project involved a large amount of concrete for various structures .Stavební projekt zahrnoval velké množství **betonu** pro různé konstrukce.
roofing
[Podstatné jméno]

materials that are used for building a roof

střešní krytina,  materiál na střechu

střešní krytina, materiál na střechu

board
[Podstatné jméno]

a flat, long, and thin piece made of wood used for building a house, apartment, etc.

prkno, deska

prkno, deska

plank
[Podstatné jméno]

a long, flat, and rectangular piece of wood or other materials, typically used in construction, flooring, or as a structural element in various applications

prkno, fošna

prkno, fošna

clapboard
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of wooden siding made from overlapping, tapered boards, commonly used for weather-resistant and visually appealing exterior cladding in residential construction

překrývající se dřevěné obložení, dřevěné obložení s překrytím

překrývající se dřevěné obložení, dřevěné obložení s překrytím

fiberboard
[Podstatné jméno]

an engineered wood product made from wood fibers or plant-based fibers, used in construction and furniture manufacturing for its versatility and cost-effectiveness

dřevovláknitá deska, vláknitá deska

dřevovláknitá deska, vláknitá deska

Ex: We replaced the old drywall with fiberboard, which is more resistant to moisture .
floorboard
[Podstatné jméno]

a long, narrow plank, typically made of wood or other materials, used as a structural or decorative component in the construction of floors, providing a sturdy and visually appealing surface for walking or supporting furniture

podlahová prkna, prkno podlahy

podlahová prkna, prkno podlahy

hardboard
[Podstatné jméno]

a dense and durable engineered wood product made by compressing wood fibers, commonly used in furniture, cabinets, and wall paneling

tvrdá deska, dřevovláknitá deska

tvrdá deska, dřevovláknitá deska

Ex: The designer selected hardboard for the wall panels because it is resistant to moisture and easy to clean .
plywood
[Podstatné jméno]

a strong and versatile engineered wood product made by bonding layers of thin wood veneers together, widely used in construction, furniture, and other applications

překližka, deska z překližky

překližka, deska z překližky

Ex: Plywood is a popular material for DIY projects because it is easy to cut and shape .
shingle
[Podstatné jméno]

a thin, flat piece of material, often made of wood, asphalt, or slate, that is laid in overlapping rows to cover the roof of a building, providing protection against weather elements

šindel, střešní taška

šindel, střešní taška

insulation
[Podstatné jméno]

the materials that are used to cover something in order not to let heat, electricity, or sound to enter or escape through it

izolace,  izolační materiál

izolace, izolační materiál

Ex: Proper insulation of the pipes prevents them from freezing during cold weather .Správná **izolace** potrubí zabraňuje jeho zamrznutí za chladného počasí.
flooring
[Podstatné jméno]

the materials that make up the floor of a building or room

podlaha, podlahová krytina

podlaha, podlahová krytina

Ex: The warehouse installed industrial-grade epoxy flooring for durability in heavy traffic areas.Sklad nainstaloval průmyslové epoxidové **podlahy** pro odolnost v oblastech s vysokým provozem.
pre-stressed concrete
[Podstatné jméno]

a strong and durable construction material created by introducing internal stresses through tensioned steel tendons within the concrete

předpjatý beton, beton s předpjatou výztuží

předpjatý beton, beton s předpjatou výztuží

Ex: Pre-stressed concrete is often used for large spans in bridges because it can carry more weight without bending .
brownstone
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of sedimentary rock, typically sandstone, that is brown or reddish-brown in color and used for constructing facades and decorative elements in buildings

hnědý pískovec, hnědý kámen

hnědý pískovec, hnědý kámen

polyvinyl chloride
[Podstatné jméno]

a synthetic thermoplastic polymer widely used in various applications, including construction, plumbing, electrical insulation, and packaging, due to its durability, versatility, and cost-effectiveness

polyvinylchlorid, PVC

polyvinylchlorid, PVC

Ex: The construction project used PVC siding for the house, as it is both cost-effective and long-lasting.
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