Lista Słówek Poziomu C2 - Philosophy
Tutaj nauczysz się wszystkich niezbędnych słów do rozmowy o filozofii, zebranych specjalnie dla uczących się na poziomie C2.
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a structured method of reasoning in which truth is reached through the systematic exchange of logical arguments
dialektyka, metoda dialektyczna
a person's overall philosophical perspective or worldview
światopogląd, wizja świata
the rejection or denial of all established authority, values, and institutions
nihilizm, nihilizm
the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people
utylitaryzm, doktryna użyteczności
an ancient Greek philosophy that values virtue and encourages living in harmony with nature's divine Reason
stoicyzm, filozofia stoicka
a philosophical concept or belief system that asserts the self as the only reality and that only the individual's mind is sure to exist
solipsyzm, filozoficzny egocentryzm
the branch of philosophy that is concerned with concepts such as existence, being, and reality
ontologia
a philosophical theory asserting that all of reality is fundamentally unified and derived from a single substance or principle
monizm, teoria monistyczna
a philosophy that emphasizes individual rights, reason, and laissez-faire capitalism
obiektywizm, filozofia obiektywizmu
a notion in philosophy according to which knowledge, moral values, and ethical obligations are subjective and there is no external or objective truth
subiektywizm, doktryna subiektywizmu
the belief that life is inherently meaningless, yet individuals can create their own meaning
absurdalizm, absurd
the study of purpose, design, and final causes in the natural world, exploring the idea that things have inherent goals or intentions
teleologia, badanie celów
the philosophy illustrating the core acknowledgment of one's existence through the act of thinking
cogito, filozofia ilustrująca podstawowe uznanie własnego istnienia poprzez akt myślenia
a fundamental, indivisible entity or substance, often associated with Leibnizian philosophy, possessing inherent characteristics and reflecting the entire universe from its unique perspective
monada, niepodzielny byt
a philosophical movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emphasizing the practical consequences and real-world effectiveness of beliefs, theories, and actions
pragmatyzm, filozofia pragmatyczna
a philosophical term referring to the intrinsic nature of a thing, independent of human perception, in contrast to phenomena which are how things appear to human observers
noumenon, rzecz sama w sobie
a state of existing beyond the bounds of physical or material experience
transcendencja, przekroczenie
(in philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is derived from sensory experience rather than theory or intuition
empiryzm, empiryzm
a Chinese philosophy and religion founded on the teachings of Lao-tzu and developed by Chuang-tzu, emphasizing harmony with the Tao, simplicity, and natural order
Taoizm, Daoizm
a philosophy advocating minimal government intervention and prioritizing individual freedom
libertarianizm, liberalizm libertariański
the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil
dualizm, doktryna dualizmu
the philosophical doctrine that all events are predetermined and humans cannot change them
fatalizm, determinizm fatalistyczny
a philosophy method that reveals and challenges underlying assumptions in texts and concepts
dekonstrukcja, metoda dekonstrukcji
an ethical doctrine holding that the pursuit of pleasure is the highest good and proper aim of life
hedonizm, hedonizm
related to the philosophical concepts of René Descartes, particularly his focus on rationalism and mind-body dualism
kartezjański
relating to the philosophical principles advocated by Immanuel Kant, focusing on rationality and morality
kantowski, kantyński
related to the teaching or method of questioning used by the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates
sokratyczny
relating to or characteristic of a philosophy that emphasizes intuition and the spiritual over empirical or material experience
transcendentalny, transcendentny
a fundamental belief or principle that is central to a system of thought, philosophy, or religion
zasada, dogmat
