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سی ٹو سطح کی الفاظ کی فہرست - Philosophy

یہاں آپ فلسفہ کے بارے میں بات کرنے کے لیے تمام ضروری الفاظ سیکھیں گے، جو خاص طور پر C2 لیول کے سیکھنے والوں کے لیے جمع کیے گئے ہیں۔

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
dialectic

a method of uncovering the truth about something by comparing contradicting ideas and considering different theories

جدل

جدل

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weltanschauung

a person's overall philosophical perspective or worldview

نظریہ زندگی

نظریہ زندگی

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nihilism

a system of thought that considers life as meaningless and rejects religious beliefs, moral principles, legal rules, etc.

نہایت پسندانہ

نہایت پسندانہ

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utilitarianism

the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people

فائدہ پرستی

فائدہ پرستی

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stoicism

an ancient Greek philosophy that values virtue and encourages living in harmony with nature's divine Reason

فطرت پسندی

فطرت پسندی

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solipsism

a philosophical concept or belief system that asserts the self as the only reality and that only the individual's mind is sure to exist

سولپسیزم

سولپسیزم

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ontology

the branch of philosophy that is concerned with concepts such as existence, being, and reality

علم وجود

علم وجود

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monism

a philosophical theory asserting that all of reality is fundamentally unified and derived from a single substance or principle

مونزم

مونزم

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objectivism

a philosophy that emphasizes individual rights, reason, and laissez-faire capitalism

شیء سے علٰیحدگی

شیء سے علٰیحدگی

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subjectivism

a notion in philosophy according to which knowledge, moral values, and ethical obligations are subjective and there is no external or objective truth

موضوعیت

موضوعیت

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absurdism

the belief that life is inherently meaningless, yet individuals can create their own meaning

غیر منطقی

غیر منطقی

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teleology

the study of purpose, design, and final causes in the natural world, exploring the idea that things have inherent goals or intentions

ٹیلیالوجی

ٹیلیالوجی

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cogito

the philosophy illustrating the core acknowledgment of one's existence through the act of thinking

کوگٹو

کوگٹو

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monad

a fundamental, indivisible entity or substance, often associated with Leibnizian philosophy, possessing inherent characteristics and reflecting the entire universe from its unique perspective

موناد

موناد

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pragmatism

a philosophical movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emphasizing the practical consequences and real-world effectiveness of beliefs, theories, and actions

عملیت پسندی

عملیت پسندی

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noumenon

a philosophical term referring to the intrinsic nature of a thing, independent of human perception, in contrast to phenomena which are how things appear to human observers

نومنون

نومنون

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transcendence

the state of surpassing ordinary experience to reach higher understanding or existence

تجاوز

تجاوز

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empiricism

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

تجربیت

تجربیت

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cynicism

a doubtful view toward others' honesty or intentions

سکنیزم

سکنیزم

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Taoism

a Chinese philosophy focusing on living in harmony with the Tao, the fundamental principle of the universe

تائو ازم

تائو ازم

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libertarianism

a philosophy advocating minimal government intervention and prioritizing individual freedom

لبرلٹیریزم

لبرلٹیریزم

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dualism

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

دوئیّت

دوئیّت

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fatalism

the belief that events and outcomes are predetermined and inevitable, with little or no control by individuals

مقدرگی

مقدرگی

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deconstruction

a philosophy method that reveals and challenges underlying assumptions in texts and concepts

ڈھانچہ توڑنا

ڈھانچہ توڑنا

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hedonism

a system of belief that the highest of good is when one is in the pursuit of pleasure

لذت پرستی

لذت پرستی

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Cartesian

related to the philosophical concepts of René Descartes, particularly his focus on rationalism and mind-body dualism

کارتیسیائی

کارتیسیائی

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Kantian

relating to the philosophical principles advocated by Immanuel Kant, focusing on rationality and morality

کانتی

کانتی

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socratic

related to the teaching or method of questioning used by the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates

سقراطی

سقراطی

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transcendental

relating to a system of thought emphasizing intuition and spirituality over empirical evidence, seeking to understand reality beyond the physical world

تارکین

تارکین

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tenet

a fundamental belief or principle that is central to a system of thought, philosophy, or religion

اصول

اصول

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