Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 8-9) - Landscape and Geography

a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water, often linking two seas or an inlet with a larger expanse of water

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

an expansive flat land covered in grass, scattered with trees, and found in tropical or subtropical areas

one of the imaginary lines between the North Pole and the South Pole, drawn on maps to help pinpoint a location

the arrangement and physical features of a surface, including its natural and man-made elements

a branch of science and art that consists of creating maps

a circular coral reef with a lagoon in the middle

a narrow, shallow watercourse, often flowing through a confined natural channel

a watercourse that flows into a larger river or body of water

an area of soft, wet, low-lying land, typically characterized by grasses and other non-woody plants, and often found at the edges of lakes, rivers, or coastal areas

a steep, high slope or cliff formed by erosion

a hill with steep, flat sides and a flat top, often found in desert areas

a large waterfall where water rushes forcefully over a height

the round top of a volcano

the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea

a steep, deep, and narrow sea inlet surrounded by tall cliffs, created by a glacier

a natural hot spring that periodically erupts with a column of boiling water and steam due to underground volcanic activity

a narrow piece of land with water on each side that connects two larger areas

a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water, often by a barrier island, coral reef, or sandbar

a steep cliff or edge of a rock face, often with a significant drop

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

the distance between an object or point and sea level

a small, rounded hill or mound, often found in a grassy or wooded area

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice

a beach or shoreline covered with small, smooth, rounded stones or pebbles, typically found along coasts or riverbanks

a large, pointed piece of land that extends into a sea, ocean, or other large body of water