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Matematik och Bedömning ACT - Aritmetik och Statistik

Lär dig ACT-ordförråd för aritmetik och statistik, inklusive beräkningar, medelvärden, förhållanden, procent, data, sannolikhet och tolkning av numerisk information.

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ACT Vocabulary for Math and Assessment
integer
integer
[Substantiv]

any number without fractions or decimals, including positive numbers, negative numbers, and zero

heltal

heltal

Ex: When rounding a decimal, you often get an integer as the result. 

När du avrundar ett decimaltal får du ofta ett heltal som resultat.

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fraction
fraction
[Substantiv]

a number expressed as one quantity divided by another, especially one written with a numerator and denominator

bråk,  bråktal

bråk, bråktal

Ex: One half is a simple fraction. 
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decimal
decimal
[Substantiv]

(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

decimal, decimaltal

decimal, decimaltal

Ex: Scientists use decimal notation to express very small quantities, such as measurements in nanometers. 

Forskare använder decimal notation för att uttrycka mycket små mängder, såsom mätningar i nanometer.

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mean
mean
[Substantiv]

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

medelvärde, aritmetiskt medelvärde

medelvärde, aritmetiskt medelvärde

Ex: The mean of the five scores was 82. 
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average
average
[adjektiv]

calculated by adding a set of numbers together and dividing this amount by the total number of amounts in that set

genomsnittlig

genomsnittlig

Ex: She calculated the average speed of the car during the trip. 
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mixed number
mixed number
[Substantiv]

a combination of a whole number and a proper fraction

blandat tal, blandad bråkdel

blandat tal, blandad bråkdel

Ex: When dividing mixed numbers, we convert them to improper fractions, perform the division, and then simplify the result if possible. 

När vi delar blandade tal omvandlar vi dem till oegentliga bråk, utför divisionen och förenklar sedan resultatet om möjligt.

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prime number
prime number
[Substantiv]

a number greater than 1 with only two devisors which can be itself or 1

primtal

primtal

Ex: Mathematicians study the distribution of prime numbers among integers. 

Matematiker studerar fördelningen av primtal bland heltal.

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rational number
rational number
[Substantiv]

a number that can be written as a fraction, where both the top and bottom are whole numbers, and the bottom is not zero

rationellt tal, rationell bråkdel

rationellt tal, rationell bråkdel

Ex: 7/8 is a rational number because it can be expressed as the fraction of two integers. 

7/8 är ett rationellt tal eftersom det kan uttryckas som en kvot av två heltal.

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irrational number
irrational number
[Substantiv]

a number incapable of being expressed as a ratio of two integers

irrationellt tal, inkommensurabelt tal

irrationellt tal, inkommensurabelt tal

Ex: The square root of 3 is an irrational number because it cannot be written as a fraction. 

Kvadratroten ur 3 är ett irrationellt tal eftersom det inte kan skrivas som en bråkdel.

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complex number
complex number
[Substantiv]

a number that has both a real part and a part involving a unit that, when squared, gives a negative result

komplext tal, komplex

komplext tal, komplex

Ex: Graphically, complex numbers can be represented on the complex plane with the x-axis as the real part and the y-axis as the imaginary part. 

Grafiskt kan komplexa tal representeras på det komplexa planet med x-axeln som den reella delen och y-axeln som den imaginära delen.

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real number
real number
[Substantiv]

any number that can be found on the number line, including both positive and negative numbers, zero, and fractions

reellt tal, reell

reellt tal, reell

Ex: Real numbers can be used to measure continuous quantities, such as distance and time. 

Reella tal kan användas för att mäta kontinuerliga storheter, såsom avstånd och tid.

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whole number
whole number
[Substantiv]

any positive number without fractions or decimals, including zero

heltal, naturligt tal

heltal, naturligt tal

Ex: The sum of any two whole numbers is always a whole number. 

Summan av två heltal är alltid ett heltal.

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root
root
[Substantiv]

a value that, when multiplied by itself a specified number of times, results in the given number

rot, radikal

rot, radikal

Ex: The cube root of 27 is 3. 
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range
range
[Substantiv]

the difference between the highest and lowest values in a set of numbers

intervall, spännvidd

intervall, spännvidd

Ex: To find the range, subtract the lowest value from the highest. 
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solution
solution
[Substantiv]

a correct answer to a problem in mathematics or a puzzle

lösning, svar

lösning, svar

Ex: After careful analysis, she found the solution to the algebraic equation. 
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product
product
[Substantiv]

the result of multiplying two or more numbers or quantities together

produkt, resultat av multiplikation

produkt, resultat av multiplikation

Ex: Understanding how to calculate the product of numbers is a fundamental math skill. 
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factor
factor
[Substantiv]

(mathematics) one of the numbers that another number can be divided by

faktor

faktor

Ex: Three is a factor of twelve. 
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value
value
[Substantiv]

(mathematics) an amount that is shown by a sign or letter

värde, kvantitet

värde, kvantitet

Ex: Substitute the value of x into the equation. 
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inequality
inequality
[Substantiv]

a mathematical statement showing that one quantity or expression is greater or less than another

olikhet

olikhet

Ex: Daniel multiplied both sides of the inequality by three. 
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equation
equation
[Substantiv]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

ekvation

ekvation

Ex: The students learned how to solve a simple equation. 
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minimum
minimum
[adjektiv]

having the least or smallest amount possible

minimal, minsta

minimal, minsta

Ex: The minimum age for entering the competition is eighteen. 
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exponential
exponential
[Substantiv]

a mathematical expression where a number is multiplied by itself a certain number of times determined by a variable

exponentiell, exponentiell funktion

exponentiell, exponentiell funktion

Ex: Solving the equation requires understanding how to manipulate exponentials. 

Att lösa ekvationen kräver förståelse för hur man manipulerar exponentialer.

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arithmetic sequence

a sequence of numbers in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is constant

aritmetisk följd, aritmetisk sekvens

aritmetisk följd, aritmetisk sekvens

Ex: To determine if a sequence is arithmetic, we check if the difference between consecutive terms remains constant. 

För att avgöra om en aritmetisk följd finns kontrollerar vi om skillnaden mellan på varandra följande termer förblir konstant.

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divisible
divisible
[adjektiv]

having the quality of being divided, especially by a number

delbar

delbar

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to square
to square
[Verb]

to multiply a value or number by itself

kvadrera, multiplicera med sig själv

kvadrera, multiplicera med sig själv

Ex: Squaring 5 gives you 25. 
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improper fraction
improper fraction
[Substantiv]

a fraction where the the top number is greater than or equal to the equal to the bottom number

oegentligt bråk

oegentligt bråk

Ex: An improper fraction can be expressed as a combination of a whole number and a proper fraction. 

En oegentlig bråkdel kan uttryckas som en kombination av ett heltal och en äkta bråkdel.

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quotient
quotient
[Substantiv]

the result obtained by dividing one quantity or number by another, expressed as the outcome of a division operation

kvot

kvot

Ex: The quotient of the numerator 8 and denominator 2 in the fraction 8/2 is 4. 

Kvoten av täljaren 8 och nämnaren 2 i bråket 8/2 är 4.

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common ratio
common ratio
[Substantiv]

the constant ratio between consecutive terms

gemensamt förhållande, konstant förhållande

gemensamt förhållande, konstant förhållande

Ex: The common ratio is a crucial parameter in describing the behavior of populations in exponential growth models. 

Den gemensamma förhållandet är en kritisk parameter för att beskriva beteendet hos populationer i exponentiella tillväxtmodeller.

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common multiple
common multiple
[Substantiv]

a number that is a multiple of two or more given numbers

gemensam multipel, gemensam multiplikator

gemensam multipel, gemensam multiplikator

Ex: The common multiples of 3 and 7 include 21, 42, and 63. 

De gemensamma multipelerna av 3 och 7 inkluderar 21, 42 och 63.

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common factor
common factor
[Substantiv]

a number that divides exactly into two or more given numbers without leaving a remainder

gemensam faktor, gemensam divisor

gemensam faktor, gemensam divisor

Ex: The common factor of 15 and 25 is 5. 

Den gemensamma faktorn för 15 och 25 är 5.

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common denominator
common denominator
[Substantiv]

(mathematics) a shared multiple of the bottom numbers of two or more fractions

gemensam nämnare, minsta gemensamma nämnare

gemensam nämnare, minsta gemensamma nämnare

Ex: Using a common denominator makes it easier to compare which fraction is larger. 
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least common denominator

the smallest positive integer that is a common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions

minsta gemensamma nämnare, minsta gemensamma denominator

minsta gemensamma nämnare, minsta gemensamma denominator

Ex: The least common denominator of the fractions 2/3 and 5/9 is 9, allowing us to add them easily. 

Den minsta gemensamma nämnaren för bråken 2/3 och 5/9 är 9, vilket gör att vi lätt kan addera dem.

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probability
probability
[Substantiv]

a mathematical measure of how likely an event is to occur, expressed as a number between zero and one

sannolikhet,  chans

sannolikhet, chans

Ex: The model assigns a probability to each possible outcome. 
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median
median
[Substantiv]

a statistical measure that represents the middle value of a data set when the values are arranged in ascending or descending order

median, mittvärde

median, mittvärde

Ex: If a dataset is {4, 7, 9, 10}, the median is the average of 7 and 9, which is 8. 

Om en datamängd är {4, 7, 9, 10}, så är medianen genomsnittet av 7 och 9, vilket är 8.

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mode
mode
[Substantiv]

the value that appears most frequently in a data set

typvärde, modalvärde

typvärde, modalvärde

Ex: Students calculated the mean, median, and mode of the results. 
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bimodal
bimodal
[adjektiv]

having or involving two distinct modes, peaks, or most frequent values

bimodal, med två lägen

bimodal, med två lägen

Ex: The study found that the age distribution of participants was bimodal, with clusters in their 20s and 50s. 

Studien fann att åldersfördelningen hos deltagarna var bimodal, med kluster i 20- och 50-årsåldern.

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to estimate

to guess the value, number, quantity, size, etc. of something without exact calculation

uppskatta, bedöma

uppskatta, bedöma

Ex: We estimate the distance at around ten miles. 
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frequency
frequency
[Substantiv]

the number of times a particular event occurs within a specific period or among a set of observations

frekvens

frekvens

Ex: Researchers recorded the frequency of each response during the experiment. 
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distribution
distribution
[Substantiv]

(statistics) an arrangement of values of a variable showing how often each occurs, either observed or theoretical

fördelning, distribution

fördelning, distribution

Ex: The data follow a roughly normal distribution. 
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standard deviation
standard deviation
[Substantiv]

a measure of how much the values in a set typically differ from the average

standardavvikelse, standarddeviation

standardavvikelse, standarddeviation

Ex: Calculating the standard deviation helps understand the spread of the data set. 

Att beräkna standardavvikelsen hjälper till att förstå spridningen av datamängden.

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margin of error
margin of error
[Substantiv]

the range within which the true value is expected to fall, accounting for potential inaccuracies in measurement or sampling

felmarginal, felintervall

felmarginal, felintervall

Ex: Engineers included a margin of error in their measurements to account for slight imperfections. 

Ingenjörerna inkluderade en felmarginal i sina mätningar för att ta hänsyn till små imperfektioner.

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random
random
[adjektiv]

occurring in such a way that each possible outcome has a certain probability of occurring, but the specific outcome cannot be predicted with certainty

slumpmässig, godtycklig

slumpmässig, godtycklig

Ex: The concept of random variation explains why repeated measurements of the same quantity can yield different results due to inherent unpredictability. 

Begreppet slumpmässig variation förklarar varför upprepade mätningar av samma kvantitet kan ge olika resultat på grund av inneboende oförutsägbarhet.

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trend line
trend line
[Substantiv]

a straight line drawn through a set of data points on a graph to represent the general direction or pattern of the data

trendlinje, tendenslinje

trendlinje, tendenslinje

Ex: When analyzing the data, the trend line revealed a gradual decline in customer satisfaction. 

När data analyserades visade trendlinjen en gradvis minskning av kundnöjdheten.

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dot plot
dot plot
[Substantiv]

a type of statistical chart consisting of dots that represent individual data points

punktdiagram, punktrityta

punktdiagram, punktrityta

Ex: The dot plot showed a clear outlier, with one data point significantly higher than the rest of the values. 

Prickdiagrammet visade en tydlig avvikare, med en datapunkt som var betydligt högre än resten av värdena.

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linear model
linear model
[Substantiv]

a mathematical representation that describes the relationship between two or more variables using a linear equation

linjär modell, linjär regressionsmodell

linjär modell, linjär regressionsmodell

Ex: Using a linear model, the researcher was able to predict the growth rate of the bacteria based on temperature. 

Genom att använda en linjär modell kunde forskaren förutsäga bakteriernas tillväxthastighet baserat på temperaturen.

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