ACT Math and Assessment - Arithmetic and Statistics

Here you will learn some English words related to arithmetic and statistics, such as "estimate", "median", "divisible", etc. that will help you ace your ACTs.

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$ACT Math and Assessment$

integer [noun]

any number without fractions or decimals, including positive numbers, negative numbers, and zero

Ex: The set of integers includes both positive and negative values as well as zero .

$fraction$

fraction [noun]

a number obtained by dividing one integer or rational number by another, typically written in the form a/b

Ex: Fractions can be converted to decimals for easier calculation .

decimal [noun]

(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

Ex:

mean [noun]

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

Ex: In the data set { 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 } , the mean is 5 .

average [adjective]

calculated by adding a set of numbers together and dividing this amount by the total number of amounts in that set

Ex: She calculated the average speed of the car during the trip .

mixed number [noun]

a combination of a whole number and a proper fraction

Ex: In baking recipes , it 's common to encounter mixed numbers when measuring ingredients like flour or sugar .

prime number [noun]

a number greater than 1 with only two devisors which can be itself or 1

Ex: The number 15 is not a prime number ( divisible by 3 and 5 ) .

rational number [noun]

a number that can be written as a fraction, where both the top and bottom are whole numbers, and the bottom is not zero

Ex: 2/3 is a rational number since it represents the division of two integers , -2 and 3 , and the result is a finite value .

irrational number [noun]

a number incapable of being expressed as a ratio of two integers

Ex: Irrational numbers can not be written as simple fractions .

complex number [noun]

a number that has both a real part and a part involving a unit that, when squared, gives a negative result

Ex: Complex numbers are used extensively in electrical engineering to analyze AC circuits .

real number [noun]

any number that can be found on the number line, including both positive and negative numbers, zero, and fractions

Ex: In mathematics , the set of real numbers is often denoted by the symbol R.

whole number [noun]

any positive number without fractions or decimals, including zero

Ex: The age of a person is usually expressed as a whole number .

root [noun]

a value that, when multiplied by itself a specified number of times, results in the given number

Ex:

range [noun]

the difference between the highest and lowest values in a set of numbers

Ex: Knowing the range can help identify the variability in a set of data points .

solution [noun]

a correct answer to a problem in mathematics or a puzzle

Ex: The engineer devised an innovative solution to improve the efficiency of the production process .

product [noun]

the result of multiplying two or more numbers or quantities together

Ex: Multiplying any number by zero gives a product of zero .

factor [noun]

(mathematics) one of the numbers that another number can be divided by

Ex: The number 1 and the number itself are always factors of any integer .

value [noun]

(mathematics) an amount that is shown by a sign or letter

Ex:

inequality [noun]

a statement that compares two quantities, expressions, or values and indicates their relative sizes

Ex: In optimization problems , we often need to find the maximum or minimum value of a function subject to certain inequalities .

equation [noun]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

Ex: Balancing chemical equations is crucial in chemistry to ensure conservation of atoms and mass .

minimum [adjective]

having the least or smallest amount possible

Ex: The minimum age for purchasing alcohol is 21 in many countries .

exponential [noun]

a mathematical expression where a number is multiplied by itself a certain number of times determined by a variable

Ex: Financial analysts use exponentials to calculate compound interest .

arithmetic sequence [noun]

a sequence of numbers in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is constant

Ex: In an arithmetic sequence , the difference between consecutive terms is always the same , regardless of the position of the terms .

divisible [adjective]

having the quality of being divided, especially by a number

to square [verb]

to multiply a value or number by itself

Ex: The area of a square can be found by squaring the length of one of its sides .

$improper fraction$

improper fraction [noun]

a fraction where the the top number is greater than or equal to the equal to the bottom number

Ex: In some mathematical problems , working with improper fractions is more straightforward than using mixed numbers .

quotient [noun]

the result obtained by dividing one quantity or number by another, expressed as the outcome of a division operation

Ex: When dividing 15 by 3 , the quotient is 5 .

common ratio [noun]

the constant ratio between consecutive terms

Ex: A common ratio of 1 results in a constant sequence , where all terms are equal .

common multiple [noun]

a number that is a multiple of two or more given numbers

Ex: In solving problems involving fractions , it 's often useful to find a common multiple of the denominators .

common factor [noun]

a number that divides exactly into two or more given numbers without leaving a remainder

Ex: To simplify an expression , look for the common factor of the terms .

common denominator [noun]

(mathematics) a number divisible by all the numbers that are below the line in a set of fractions

least common denominator [noun]

the smallest positive integer that is a common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions

Ex: To add the fractions 1/4 and 1/6 , we first find the least common denominator , which is 12 .

probability [noun]

(mathematics) a number representing the chances of something specific happening

Ex: She calculated the probability of her team winning based on past performances .

median [noun]

a statistical measure that represents the middle value of a data set when the values are arranged in ascending or descending order

Ex: In a list of exam scores { 85 , 90 , 92 , 78 , 95 } , the median is 90 , the middle score when ordered .

mode [noun]

the value that appears most frequently in a data set

bimodal [adjective]

having or involving two distinct modes, peaks, or most frequent values

Ex: The data set was clearly bimodal , with peaks at both 10 and 20 .

to estimate [verb]

to guess the value, number, quantity, size, etc. of something without exact calculation

Ex: He estimated the distance to be around five miles .

frequency [noun]

the number of times a particular event occurs within a specific period or among a set of observations

Ex: The frequency of heartbeats per minute is an important vital sign .

distribution [noun]

(statistics) an arrangement of values of a variable showing how often each occurs, either observed or theoretical

Ex:

standard deviation [noun]

a measure of how much the values in a set typically differ from the average

Ex: In finance , a high standard deviation of returns suggests higher volatility .

margin of error [noun]

the range within which the true value is expected to fall, accounting for potential inaccuracies in measurement or sampling

Ex: A smaller margin of error suggests more confidence in the accuracy of the results .

random [adjective]

occurring in such a way that each possible outcome has a certain probability of occurring, but the specific outcome cannot be predicted with certainty

Ex:

trend line [noun]

a straight line drawn through a set of data points on a graph to represent the general direction or pattern of the data

Ex: Analysts use trend lines to identify market trends and make investment decisions .

dot plot [noun]

a type of statistical chart consisting of dots that represent individual data points

Ex: Creating a dot plot helped us visualize the frequency of different categories in our small survey sample .

linear model [noun]

a mathematical representation that describes the relationship between two or more variables using a linear equation

Ex: Engineers often use linear models to approximate the behavior of complex systems within a certain range .

ACT Math and Assessment
Math	Arithmetic and Statistics	Geometry	Quantity and Partitives
Economics	Time and Order	Process of Actions	Scholarship and Innovation
Inclusion and Classification	Comparison	Importance	Praise
Evaluation and Criticism	Change	Status	Management of Items