Кольори та Форми - Лінії, Кути та Криві

Прочитайте цей урок, щоб дізнатися назви деяких ліній, кутів і кривих англійською мовою, таких як "промінь", "гострий кут" і "дуга".

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Кольори та Форми
axis [іменник]

the central point or line around which an object turns

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the central point or line around which an object turns

Ex: The Earth spins on its axis once every twenty-four hours .
axis [іменник]

a straight line that defines the symmetry or structure of a figure or object

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a straight line that defines the symmetry or structure of a figure or object

Ex: The artist drew an axis to guide the proportions of the face .
cross [іменник]

a mark or an object formed by two short lines or pieces crossing each other

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символ хрестик

Ex: The teacher marked the incorrect answers with a red cross.

Вчитель позначив неправильні відповіді червоним хрестом.

diagonal [іменник]

a straight line connecting opposite corners of a flat shape at an angle

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діагональ

Ex: The rectangle 's diagonal was longer than its sides .

Діагональ прямокутника була довшою за його сторони.

zigzag [іменник]

(geometry) a shape that consists of a line alternating its direction to left and right

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зигзаг

balbis [іменник]

a straight line that is terminated by a secondary line at each end, resembling the letter H

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балбіс

ray [іменник]

a straight line that starts at a point and extends infinitely in one direction

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a straight line that starts at a point and extends infinitely in one direction

Ex: The geometry teacher drew a ray from point A through point B.
line segment [іменник]

a portion of a straight line that is defined by two distinct endpoints

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відрізок прямої

parallel [іменник]

a pair of geometric figures, such as lines or planes, that do not meet or intersect, no matter how far they are extended

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паралель

Ex: The two parallels in the diagram never intersect .

Дві паралелі на діаграмі ніколи не перетинаються.

perpendicular [іменник]

a line or structure that meets another at a right angle, creating a 90-degree intersection

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перпендикуляр

Ex: The wall was built with a perpendicular to support the roof.

Стіну було побудовано з перпендикуляром для підтримки даху.

tangent [іменник]

a straight line that touches a curve or surface at exactly one point, known as the point of tangency

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дотична

Ex: In geometry class , we learned how to draw a tangent to a circle , ensuring it only touched the circle at a single point .

На уроці геометрії ми навчилися малювати дотичну до кола, переконавшись, що вона торкається кола лише в одній точці.

secant [іменник]

a line that crosses a curve at least at two distinct points

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січна

Ex: By drawing a secant , the mathematician was able to study the curve ’s behavior at multiple points .

Намалювавши січну, математик зміг вивчити поведінку кривої в кількох точках.

linear pair [іменник]

a pair of adjacent angles formed by two intersecting lines, which add up to 180 degrees

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лінійна пара

acute angle [іменник]

an angle that measures between 0 and 90 degrees, which is less than a right angle (90 degrees)

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гострий кут

obtuse angle [іменник]

an angle that measures more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

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тупий кут

Ex: In a triangle , an obtuse angle is one that is greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees .

У трикутнику тупий кут — це кут, який більший за 90 градусів, але менший за 180 градусів.

right angle [іменник]

an angle measuring exactly 90 degrees

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прямий кут

Ex: To construct a square , each corner must form a perfect right angle .

Щоб побудувати квадрат, кожен кут має утворювати ідеальний прямий кут.

straight angle [іменник]

an angle that measures exactly 180 degrees, which is the same as a straight line

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розгорнутий кут

oblique angle [іменник]

an angle that measures either less or more that 90 degrees

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косий кут

Ex: In a parallelogram , opposite angles are oblique angles since they are not right angles .

У паралелограмі протилежні кути є косими кутами, оскільки вони не є прямими кутами.

reflex angle [іменник]

an angle that measures greater than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees

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рефлекторний кут

full rotation [іменник]

a complete revolution or turn around a fixed point or axis, covering a 360-degree angle

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повний оберт

positive angle [іменник]

an angle measured counterclockwise from the initial side of a reference angle in standard position, usually expressed in degrees or radians

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позитивний кут

negative angle [іменник]

an angle measured clockwise from the initial side of a reference angle in standard position, usually expressed in degrees or radians

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негативний кут

adjacent angles [іменник]

two angles that share a common vertex and a common side, but do not overlap, and are not in a straight line

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суміжні кути

plane angle [іменник]

the measure of the tilt between two lines or surfaces in two-dimensional space, typically given in degrees or radians

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плоский кут

Ex: The clock 's hands form a plane angle at noon .

Стрілки годинника утворюють плоский кут опівдні.

arc [іменник]

(geometry) a part of a circle, which is curved

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дуга

Ex: In a circle , a minor arc is shorter than a major arc .

У колі мала дуга коротша за велику дугу.

arc [іменник]

a curved shape, or something shaped this way

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дуга

concavity [іменник]

a shape, line or surface that is hollow and is rounded inward

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угнутість

conic section [іменник]

(geometry) a shape formed when a circular cone is intersected by a plane

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конічний переріз

crescent [іменник]

a curved shape with narrow points at the ends that appears wider in the middle, like the shape of the moon in its first and last quarters

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півмісяць

Ex: The moon hung low in the sky , its slender crescent casting a gentle light .

Місяць висів низько в небі, його тонкий півмісяць кидав ніжне світло.

curl [іменник]

something that resembles a spiral or coil

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локон

Ex: She had a perfect curl in her hair , framing her face beautifully .

У неї був ідеальний локон у волоссі, який красиво обрамлював її обличчя.

spiral [іменник]

(geometry) a curved shape or design that gradually winds around a center or axis

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спіраль

Ex: The staircase in the old mansion featured an elegant spiral that ascended to the upper floors .

Сходи в старому особняку мали елегантну спіраль, яка піднімалася на верхні поверхи.

ellipse [іменник]

(geometry) a closed plane curve that has two focal points

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еліпс

parabola [іменник]

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

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парабола

Ex: The path of a thrown ball forms a parabola .

Траєкторія кинутого м'яча утворює параболу.

hyperbola [іменник]

a geometric curve formed by the intersection of a plane with two cones, resulting in two symmetrical branches

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гіпербола

Ex: The hyperbola is a conic section formed by intersecting a plane with two cones on opposite sides of the plane .

Гіпербола — це конічний переріз, утворений перетином площини з двома конусами по протилежних сторонах площини.

simple curve [іменник]

a continuous curve that does not intersect itself, and can be traced without lifting the pen or pencil from the paper

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проста крива

non-simple curve [іменник]

a curve that intersects itself, or has overlapping segments, requiring the pen or pencil to be lifted from the paper while tracing it

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непроста крива

open curve [іменник]

a curve that does not intersect itself and has distinct endpoints, meaning it does not form a closed shape or loop

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відкрита крива

closed curve [іменник]

a curve that begins and ends at the same point, forming a closed loop

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замкнута крива