The English Alphabet

The table below shows the letters, their pronunciation, and their upper and lower case:

There is a belief among historians that capital letters came first. There were only capital letters in the first alphabet. however, over time, letters became smaller and rounded to save time and space. That's because maybe the writers used to write quickly so as time went by, the shape of the letters changed. then they became more popular and common because they were easier to read and write.

You should know that we do not use that much of capital letters in our text because we cannot easily read a text full of capital letters. However, there are some cases in which capital letters must be used. Take a look at the list below:

English alphabet letters start with 'a' and end with 'z.' As shown below, we always write the alphabet in the same order:

In the English alphabet, the five letters A, E, I, O, and U are vowels. The remaining 21 letters are consonants: B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, X, Z, and usually W and Y. The letter 'y' sometimes is a consonant as in 'yet' and sometimes is a vowel as in 'mythology'.
Sometimes the letter 'w' can represent a vowel, but it is very rare as in 'sweet'. That’s why they are called semi-vowels.

When more than one letter makes one sound, it is called a multigraph. The multigraphs can be made up of consonants, vowels or a mixture of both of them. Some common multigraphs are as follows: ch, sh, ck, ph, rh, sc, th, tion, sch, ous, ai, ea, ee, ei, oo and so on.