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Cambridge English: PET (B1 Preliminary) - Landscapes & Landforms

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Cambridge English: PET (B1 Preliminary)
branch
branch
[noun]

a part of a tree divided into some other parts on which the leaves grow

Ex: The children climbed the sturdy branch of the oak tree, enjoying the view from high up. 
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bush
bush
[noun]

a type of plant small in size with several stems in the ground

Ex: The garden was neatly arranged with colorful bushes, adding structure and vibrancy to the outdoor space. 
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cave
cave
[noun]

a hole or chamber formed underground naturally by rocks gradually breaking down over time

Ex: Exploring caves can be an exciting adventure, revealing hidden chambers and breathtaking formations. 
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cliff
cliff
[noun]

an area of rock that is high above the ground with a very steep side, often at the edge of the sea

Ex: They stood at the edge of the cliff, taking in the breathtaking view. 
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glacier
glacier
[noun]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

Ex: Scientists study glaciers to understand the effects of climate change on ice melt and sea-level rise. 
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iceberg
iceberg
[noun]

a very large floating piece of ice

Ex: The Titanic sank after colliding with an iceberg in the North Atlantic Ocean. 
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leaf
leaf
[noun]

a usually green part of a plant in which the photosynthesis takes place

Ex: He carefully examined the underside of the leaf to check for signs of pests or diseases. 
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riverbank
riverbank
[noun]

the bank of a river

Ex: A variety of plants and wildlife thrive on the lush riverbank. 
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sand dune
sand dune
[noun]

a hill of sand built by wind or water flow

Ex: The wind shaped the sand dune over time. 
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shore
shore
[noun]

the area of land where the land meets a body of water such as an ocean, sea, lake, or river

Ex: The waves gently lapped against the shore, creating a soothing sound. 
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stone
stone
[noun]

a hard material, usually made of minerals, and often used for building things

Ex: The old castle was built entirely of stone, giving it a sturdy and imposing appearance. 
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wave
wave
[noun]

a raised body of water that moves along the surface of a sea, river, lake, etc.

Ex: The children ran towards the shoreline, excited to play in the waves crashing on the beach. 
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tropical
tropical
[Adjective]

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

Ex: Tropical rainforests are biodiverse ecosystems found near the equator. 
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temperate
temperate
[Adjective]

(of a region or climate) having a temperature that is never very cold or very hot

Ex: The Mediterranean region is known for its temperate climate, characterized by mild winters and warm summers. 
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polar region

the part of the Earth's surface forming a cap over a pole; characterized by frigid climate

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grassland
grassland
[noun]

a large, open, and grass-covered area

Ex: Many animals live in the vast grassland. 
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trunk
trunk
[noun]

the main wooden body of a tree

Ex: The children climbed on the sturdy trunk of the old oak tree in the backyard. 
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dense
dense
[Adjective]

thick and difficult to see through, often used to describe fog or smoke

Ex: The fog was so dense that I could barely see beyond a few feet in front of me. 
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nature reserve

a protected area of land or water that is set aside for the preservation and protection of natural habitats, wildlife, and plant species

Ex: The government established a nature reserve to protect endangered species. 
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scenery
scenery
[noun]

the overall appearance of a place, including its natural features and buildings

Ex: The mountain scenery was beautiful. 
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skyline
skyline
[noun]

the outline of objects seen against the sky

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stream
stream
[noun]

a small and narrow river that runs on or under the earth

Ex: The stream runs through the forest and into the lake. 
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peaceful
peaceful
[Adjective]

free from conflict, violence, or disorder

Ex: The small village lived in peaceful isolation, untouched by the wars raging in surrounding lands. 
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