English File - Upper Intermediate - Lesson 10A

Here you will find the vocabulary from Lesson 10A in the English File Upper Intermediate coursebook, such as "scientific", "experiment", "astronomer", etc.

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science [noun]

knowledge about the structure and behavior of the natural and physical world, especially based on testing and proving facts

Ex: She learns about the laws of physics and the properties of matter in her science lessons .

scientist [noun]

someone whose job or education is about science

Ex: He won an award for his contributions as a young scientist .

physics [noun]

the scientific study of matter and energy and the relationships between them, including the study of natural forces such as light, heat, and movement

Ex: Understanding physics is essential for careers in engineering and technology .

physician [noun]

a medical doctor who specializes in general medicine, not in surgery

Ex:

physical [adjective]

involving or concerning the study of energy, force, matter, heat, etc.

Ex:

scientific [adjective]

relating to or based on the principles and methods of science

Ex: Climate change is a pressing scientific issue that requires collaborative efforts from researchers worldwide .

chemistry [noun]

the branch of science that is concerned with studying the structure of substances and the way that they change or combine with each other

Ex: Understanding the basics of chemistry is essential for many scientific careers .

chemical [adjective]

concerning or used in the scientific field of chemistry

Ex:

biology [noun]

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

Ex: His biology professor was renowned for research in genetic engineering .

biologist [noun]

(biology) a person who studies the science that deals with living organisms

Ex: The biologist presented her findings on the impact of climate change on local plant species at the conference .

biological [adjective]

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

Ex: The biological classification system categorizes organisms into various groups based on their characteristics .

astronomy [noun]

a branch of science that studies space, planets, etc.

Ex: Historical records show how ancient civilizations used astronomy to develop calendars and navigate across oceans .

astronomer [noun]

a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

Ex: She became an astronomer because of her fascination with the mysteries of the cosmos .

astronomical [adjective]

concerning or involving the scientific field of astronomy

Ex: Astronomical distances in space are often measured in light-years , the distance light travels in one year .

genetics [noun]

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

Ex: The field of genetics continues to evolve with new technologies and discoveries .

geneticist [noun]

a specialist in or student of the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

Ex: The geneticist used advanced technology to map the human genome and identify specific genes linked to cancer .

genetical [adjective]

involving or concerning the scientific field of genetics

botany [noun]

the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

Ex:

botanist [noun]

a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

Ex: The botanist presented his research on the classification of new plant species discovered in the remote mountain range .

botanical [adjective]

concerning or involving the study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

Ex: Botanical conservation efforts aim to protect endangered plant species and their habitats .

zoology [noun]

a branch of science that deals with animals

Ex: He spent his summers interning at a zoo to gain hands-on experience in zoology .

zoologist [noun]

a specialist in or student of the branch of science that deals with animals

zoological [adjective]

involving or concerning the branch of science that deals with animals

Ex: The zoological exhibit at the museum offers an in-depth look at the anatomy and behavior of marine life .

clone [noun]

a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to

Ex: Researchers created a clone of the original stem cell to study its potential for regenerating damaged tissues .

discovery [noun]

the act of finding something for the first time and before others

Ex: The discovery of a lost manuscript by a famous author thrilled literary scholars and enthusiasts alike .

drug [noun]

any substance that is used for medicinal purposes

Ex: Herbal remedies , derived from plants , have been used for centuries as natural drugs to address a wide range of health issues , though their efficacy and safety can vary .

to experiment [verb]

to do a scientific test on something or someone in order to find out the results

Ex: The researchers experiment using advanced technology to study climate change .

guinea pig [noun]

a small furry animal with rounded ears, short legs and no tail, which is often kept as a pet or for research

Ex: Guinea pigs are herbivores , enjoying a diet of fresh vegetables , hay , and pellets .

research [noun]

a careful and systematic study of a subject to discover new facts or information about it

Ex: The professor presented the findings of her research at an international conference .

side effect [noun]

a result of a situation or action that was not meant to happen

Ex: One side effect of the rapid technological advancements is the growing concern over data privacy .

test [noun]

an examination that consists of a set of questions, exercises, or activities to measure someone’s knowledge, skill, or ability

Ex: The driving test includes both a written exam and a practical evaluation .

theory [noun]

a set of ideas intended to explain the reason behind the existence or occurrence of something

Ex:

to carry out [verb]

to complete or conduct a task, job, etc.

Ex: The detective was assigned to carry out the investigation into the mysterious disappearance .

to make [verb]

to form, produce, or prepare something, by putting parts together or by combining materials

Ex: The factory workers make thousands of cars every month .

to prove [verb]

to show that something is true through the use of evidence or facts

Ex: The forensic analysis proved the suspect 's innocence .

pharmaceutical company [noun]

a company that develops, manufactures, advertises, distributes, or sells medications

Ex: The pharmaceutical company is working closely with healthcare providers to ensure that the medication reaches patients in need .

to do [verb]

to perform an action that is not mentioned by name

Ex: In times of crisis , people often come together to do whatever is necessary .

to volunteer [verb]

to state or suggest something without being asked or told

Ex: The student volunteered his thoughts on the new curriculum , offering constructive feedback to the teacher .

to volunteer [verb]

to offer to do something without being forced or without payment

Ex: The organization is currently volunteering for a community cleanup .

clinical trial [noun]

a controlled scientific experiment in which the effectiveness and safety of a medical treatment is measured by testing it on people

Ex: The results of the clinical trial will determine if the treatment can be approved for widespread use .

laboratory [noun]

a place where people do scientific experiments, manufacture drugs, etc.

Ex: Forensic laboratories analyze evidence collected from crime scenes to aid in investigations .

English File - Upper Intermediate
Lesson 1A	Lesson 1B	Lesson 2A	Lesson 2B
Lesson 3A	Lesson 3B	Lesson 4A	Lesson 4B
Lesson 5A	Lesson 5B	Lesson 6A	Lesson 6B
Lesson 7A	Lesson 7B	Lesson 8A	Lesson 8B
Lesson 9A	Lesson 9B	Lesson 10A	Lesson 10B