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قائمة كلمات المستوى C2 - Mathematics

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
algorithm
algorithm
[اسم]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

خوارزمية

خوارزمية

Ex: The Euclidean algorithm is used to find the greatest common divisor of two integers. 
variance
variance
[اسم]

a measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data points in statistics, representing the average squared deviation from the mean

التباين

التباين

Ex: In statistics, variance is a measure of how spread out the values in a data set are around the mean. 
derivative
derivative
[اسم]

the rate at which a function changes with respect to its independent variable

مشتق, اشتقاق

مشتق, اشتقاق

Ex: Calculating the derivative of a position function yields the velocity function, describing the rate of change of position with respect to time. 
integral
integral
[اسم]

a mathematical concept representing the total accumulation of a quantity, often represented by the area under a curve on a graph

تكامل, التكامل المحدد

تكامل, التكامل المحدد

Ex: The definite integral of a velocity function over a time interval gives the total displacement of an object during that time. 
limit
limit
[اسم]

the value that a function or sequence approaches as its input or index gets close to a particular value

حد

حد

Ex: In calculus, the concept of a limit is essential for defining derivatives, as it involves understanding how a function behaves near a given point. 
catastrophe theory

a branch of mathematics that studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances

نظرية الكوارث, نظرية الكارثة

نظرية الكوارث, نظرية الكارثة

Ex: Catastrophe theory, introduced by French mathematician René Thom in the 1960s, is a branch of mathematics that studies sudden changes in the behavior of systems as a result of small changes in inputs or parameters. 
differential
differential
[اسم]

(mathematics) a really small change in a function or variable

تفاضلي, تغير متناهي الصغر

تفاضلي, تغير متناهي الصغر

Ex: The differential dx represents a small change in the variable x. 
logarithm
logarithm
[اسم]

a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number

لوغاريتم

لوغاريتم

Ex: In the logarithm log₂(8) = 3, the base 2 raised to the power of 3 equals 8. 
prime
prime
[اسم]

a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself

عدد أولي, أولي

عدد أولي, أولي

Ex: Seven is a prime because it's only divisible by 1 and 7. 
vector
vector
[اسم]

an ordered set of numbers that describes both magnitude and direction, commonly used to represent quantities like displacement, velocity, or force in physics and engineering

متجه, متجه

متجه, متجه

Ex: In physics, force is often represented as a vector, considering both its magnitude and direction. 
theorem
theorem
[اسم]

a statement or proposition that has been proven to be true based on previously established axioms, definitions, and other theorems within a particular mathematical or logical system

نظرية

نظرية

Ex: Mathematicians often prove theorems to establish mathematical truths. 
permutation
permutation
[اسم]

(mathematics) a rearrangement of a set of elements in a specific order or sequence

تبديل, ترتيب

تبديل, ترتيب

Ex: The number of permutations of three distinct objects is six. 
eigenvalue
eigenvalue
[اسم]

a special number used in linear algebra to describe how vectors change during transformations

قيمة ذاتية, قيمة مميزة

قيمة ذاتية, قيمة مميزة

Ex: Eigenvalues help us understand how matrices transform vectors. 
set theory
set theory
[اسم]

a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of sets, which are collections of distinct objects, and their properties, relationships, and operations

نظرية المجموعات, نظرية المجموعة

نظرية المجموعات, نظرية المجموعة

Ex: Set theory helps define relationships between different groups of numbers. 
polynomial
polynomial
[اسم]

a mathematical expression with variables raised to powers and combined using arithmetic operations

متعدد الحدود, تعبير متعدد الحدود

متعدد الحدود, تعبير متعدد الحدود

Ex: Polynomials are used to represent curves in algebraic geometry. 
integration
integration
[اسم]

a mathematical operation that calculates the accumulation of quantities, represented as the area under a curve on a graph

التكامل

التكامل

Ex: Integration helps find the area under curves in math. 
matrix multiplication

a mathematical operation that combines two matrices to produce a new matrix, calculated by multiplying rows and columns

ضرب المصفوفات

ضرب المصفوفات

Ex: Matrix multiplication is essential for solving systems of linear equations. 
quadratic equation

an equation involving the square of a variable

معادلة تربيعية, معادلة من الدرجة الثانية

معادلة تربيعية, معادلة من الدرجة الثانية

Ex: Quadratic equations involve squared terms like x^2. 
قائمة كلمات المستوى C2
PsychologyBiologyChemistryPhysics
AstronomyMathematicsGeologyEngineering
Measurement
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