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C2 Ordlista - Mathematics

Här kommer du att lära dig alla de väsentliga orden för att prata om matematik, samlade specifikt för C2-nivå elever.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
algorithm
[Substantiv]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

algoritm

algoritm

Ex: The Fast Fourier Transform ( FFT ) algorithm efficiently computes the discrete Fourier transform of a sequence or its inverse .**Algoritmen** för Snabb Fouriertransform (FFT) beräknar effektivt den diskreta Fouriertransformen av en sekvens eller dess invers.
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variance
[Substantiv]

a measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data points in statistics, representing the average squared deviation from the mean

varians

varians

Ex: Variance is an important concept in probability theory and is used in various statistical analyses, such as hypothesis testing and regression analysis.**Varians** är ett viktigt begrepp i sannolikhetsteori och används i olika statistiska analyser, såsom hypotesprövning och regressionsanalys.
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derivative
[Substantiv]

the rate at which a function changes with respect to its independent variable

derivata, derivering

derivata, derivering

Ex: The chain rule allows finding the derivative of composite functions, crucial for analyzing complex mathematical expressions.Kedjeregeln gör det möjligt att hitta **derivatan** av sammansatta funktioner, vilket är avgörande för att analysera komplexa matematiska uttryck.
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integral
[Substantiv]

a mathematical concept representing the total accumulation of a quantity, often represented by the area under a curve on a graph

integral, bestämd integral

integral, bestämd integral

Ex: The definite integral of a probability density function gives the probability of an event occurring within a specified range.Den bestämda **integralen** av en sannolikhetstäthetsfunktion ger sannolikheten för att en händelse inträffar inom ett specificerat intervall.
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limit
[Substantiv]

the value that a function or sequence approaches as its input or index gets close to a particular value

gräns

gräns

Ex: Evaluating the limit of a difference quotient leads to the definition of a derivative in calculus .Att utvärdera **gränsen** för en differenskvot leder till definitionen av en derivata i kalkyl.
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catastrophe theory
[Substantiv]

a branch of mathematics that studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances

katastrofteori, teori om katastrofer

katastrofteori, teori om katastrofer

Ex: Catastrophe theory has also been used to analyze the stability of ecosystems , the dynamics of animal behavior , and the onset of psychiatric disorders , providing insights into the underlying mechanisms driving these phenomena .**Katastrofteorin** har också använts för att analysera stabiliteten hos ekosystem, dynamiken i djurs beteende och uppkomsten av psykiska störningar, vilket ger insikter om de underliggande mekanismerna som driver dessa fenomen.
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differential
[Substantiv]

(mathematics) a really small change in a function or variable

differential, oändligt liten förändring

differential, oändligt liten förändring

Ex: Differential equations describe relationships involving derivatives.**Differentialekvationer** beskriver relationer som involverar derivator.
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logarithm
[Substantiv]

a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number

logaritm

logaritm

Ex: Astronomers apply logarithms to express stellar magnitudes and measure the brightness of celestial objects .Astronomer tillämpar **logaritmer** för att uttrycka stjärnmagnituder och mäta ljusstyrkan hos himlakroppar.
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prime
[Substantiv]

a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself

primtal, prim

primtal, prim

Ex: The number 7 is a prime, as it can only be divided by 1 and 7 .Talet 7 är ett **primtal**, eftersom det bara kan delas med 1 och 7.
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vector
[Substantiv]

an ordered set of numbers that describes both magnitude and direction, commonly used to represent quantities like displacement, velocity, or force in physics and engineering

vektor, vektor

vektor, vektor

Ex: The force exerted by a tensioned rope can be represented as a vector in mechanics .Kraften som utövas av ett spänt rep kan representeras som en **vektor** inom mekaniken.
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theorem
[Substantiv]

a statement or proposition that has been proven to be true based on previously established axioms, definitions, and other theorems within a particular mathematical or logical system

teorem

teorem

Ex: Students often encounter various theorems while studying advanced mathematics .Studenter stöter ofta på olika **teorem** när de studerar avancerad matematik.
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permutation
[Substantiv]

(mathematics) a rearrangement of a set of elements in a specific order or sequence

permutation, arrangemang

permutation, arrangemang

Ex: Permutations are used to count different ways to arrange objects .**Permutationer** används för att räkna olika sätt att ordna föremål.
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eigenvalue
[Substantiv]

a special number used in linear algebra to describe how vectors change during transformations

egenvärde, karakteristiskt värde

egenvärde, karakteristiskt värde

Ex: The eigenvalues of a symmetric matrix are always real numbers .**Egenvärdena** för en symmetrisk matris är alltid reella tal.
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set theory
[Substantiv]

a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of sets, which are collections of distinct objects, and their properties, relationships, and operations

mängdlära, setteori

mängdlära, setteori

Ex: Set theory forms the basis for defining functions and relations.**Mängdläran** utgör grunden för att definiera funktioner och relationer.
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polynomial
[Substantiv]

a mathematical expression with variables raised to powers and combined using arithmetic operations

polynom, polynomiskt uttryck

polynom, polynomiskt uttryck

Ex: Simple expressions like 5x are considered polynomials.Enkla uttryck som 5x betraktas som **polynom**.
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integration
[Substantiv]

a mathematical operation that calculates the accumulation of quantities, represented as the area under a curve on a graph

integration

integration

Ex: Physicists use integration to solve problems in mechanics .Fysiker använder **integration** för att lösa problem inom mekanik.
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a mathematical operation that combines two matrices to produce a new matrix, calculated by multiplying rows and columns

matrismultiplikation

matrismultiplikation

Ex: In finance , matrix multiplication is used for portfolio optimization and risk analysis .Inom finans används **matrismultiplikation** för portföljoptimering och riskanalys.
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quadratic equation
[Substantiv]

an equation involving the square of a variable

kvadratisk ekvation, andragradsekvation

kvadratisk ekvation, andragradsekvation

Ex: Factoring is a common method to solve quadratic equations when possible .**Faktorisering** är en vanlig metod för att lösa **kvadratiska ekvationer** när det är möjligt.
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