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Listă de Cuvinte Nivel C2 - Mathematics

Aici vei învăța toate cuvintele esențiale pentru a vorbi despre Matematică, adunate special pentru elevii de nivel C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
algorithm
algorithm
[substantiv]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

algoritm

algoritm

Ex: The Euclidean algorithm is used to find the greatest common divisor of two integers. 
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variance
variance
[substantiv]

a measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data points in statistics, representing the average squared deviation from the mean

varianță

varianță

Ex: In statistics, variance is a measure of how spread out the values in a data set are around the mean. 
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derivative
derivative
[substantiv]

the rate at which a function changes with respect to its independent variable

derivată, derivare

derivată, derivare

Ex: Calculating the derivative of a position function yields the velocity function, describing the rate of change of position with respect to time. 
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integral
integral
[substantiv]

a mathematical concept representing the total accumulation of a quantity, often represented by the area under a curve on a graph

integrală, integrală definită

integrală, integrală definită

Ex: The definite integral of a velocity function over a time interval gives the total displacement of an object during that time. 
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limit
limit
[substantiv]

the value that a function or sequence approaches as its input or index gets close to a particular value

limită

limită

Ex: In calculus, the concept of a limit is essential for defining derivatives, as it involves understanding how a function behaves near a given point. 
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catastrophe theory
catastrophe theory
[substantiv]

a branch of mathematics that studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances

teoria catastrofelor, teoria catastrofei

teoria catastrofelor, teoria catastrofei

Ex: Catastrophe theory, introduced by French mathematician René Thom in the 1960s, is a branch of mathematics that studies sudden changes in the behavior of systems as a result of small changes in inputs or parameters. 
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differential
differential
[substantiv]

(mathematics) a really small change in a function or variable

diferențială, variație infinitezimală

diferențială, variație infinitezimală

Ex: The differential dx represents a small change in the variable x. 
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logarithm
logarithm
[substantiv]

a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number

logaritm

logaritm

Ex: In the logarithm log₂(8) = 3, the base 2 raised to the power of 3 equals 8. 
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prime
prime
[substantiv]

a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself

număr prim, prim

număr prim, prim

Ex: Seven is a prime because it's only divisible by 1 and 7. 
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vector
vector
[substantiv]

an ordered set of numbers that describes both magnitude and direction, commonly used to represent quantities like displacement, velocity, or force in physics and engineering

vector, vector

vector, vector

Ex: In physics, force is often represented as a vector, considering both its magnitude and direction. 
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theorem
theorem
[substantiv]

a statement or proposition that has been proven to be true based on previously established axioms, definitions, and other theorems within a particular mathematical or logical system

teoremă

teoremă

Ex: Mathematicians often prove theorems to establish mathematical truths. 
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permutation
permutation
[substantiv]

(mathematics) a rearrangement of a set of elements in a specific order or sequence

permutare, aranjament

permutare, aranjament

Ex: The number of permutations of three distinct objects is six. 
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eigenvalue
eigenvalue
[substantiv]

a special number used in linear algebra to describe how vectors change during transformations

valoare proprie, valoare caracteristică

valoare proprie, valoare caracteristică

Ex: Eigenvalues help us understand how matrices transform vectors. 
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set theory
set theory
[substantiv]

a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of sets, which are collections of distinct objects, and their properties, relationships, and operations

teoria mulțimilor, teoria seturilor

teoria mulțimilor, teoria seturilor

Ex: Set theory helps define relationships between different groups of numbers. 
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polynomial
polynomial
[substantiv]

a mathematical expression with variables raised to powers and combined using arithmetic operations

polinom, expresie polinomială

polinom, expresie polinomială

Ex: Polynomials are used to represent curves in algebraic geometry. 
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integration
integration
[substantiv]

a mathematical operation that calculates the accumulation of quantities, represented as the area under a curve on a graph

integrare

integrare

Ex: Integration helps find the area under curves in math. 
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matrix multiplication

a mathematical operation that combines two matrices to produce a new matrix, calculated by multiplying rows and columns

înmulțirea matricelor

înmulțirea matricelor

Ex: Matrix multiplication is essential for solving systems of linear equations. 
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quadratic equation
quadratic equation
[substantiv]

an equation involving the square of a variable

ecuație pătratică, ecuație de gradul doi

ecuație pătratică, ecuație de gradul doi

Ex: Quadratic equations involve squared terms like x^2. 
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