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Seznam Slovíček Úrovně C2 - Mathematics

Zde se naučíte všechna základní slova pro mluvení o matematice, shromážděná speciálně pro studenty úrovně C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
algorithm
algorithm
[Podstatné jméno]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

algoritmus

algoritmus

Ex: The Euclidean algorithm is used to find the greatest common divisor of two integers. 
variance
variance
[Podstatné jméno]

a measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data points in statistics, representing the average squared deviation from the mean

rozptyl

rozptyl

Ex: In statistics, variance is a measure of how spread out the values in a data set are around the mean. 
derivative
derivative
[Podstatné jméno]

the rate at which a function changes with respect to its independent variable

derivace, derivování

derivace, derivování

Ex: Calculating the derivative of a position function yields the velocity function, describing the rate of change of position with respect to time. 
integral
integral
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical concept representing the total accumulation of a quantity, often represented by the area under a curve on a graph

integrál, určitý integrál

integrál, určitý integrál

Ex: The definite integral of a velocity function over a time interval gives the total displacement of an object during that time. 
limit
limit
[Podstatné jméno]

the value that a function or sequence approaches as its input or index gets close to a particular value

mez

mez

Ex: In calculus, the concept of a limit is essential for defining derivatives, as it involves understanding how a function behaves near a given point. 
catastrophe theory
catastrophe theory
[Podstatné jméno]

a branch of mathematics that studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances

teorie katastrof, katastrofická teorie

teorie katastrof, katastrofická teorie

Ex: Catastrophe theory, introduced by French mathematician René Thom in the 1960s, is a branch of mathematics that studies sudden changes in the behavior of systems as a result of small changes in inputs or parameters. 
differential
differential
[Podstatné jméno]

(mathematics) a really small change in a function or variable

diferenciál, nekonečně malá změna

diferenciál, nekonečně malá změna

Ex: The differential dx represents a small change in the variable x. 
logarithm
logarithm
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number

logaritmus

logaritmus

Ex: In the logarithm log₂(8) = 3, the base 2 raised to the power of 3 equals 8. 
prime
prime
[Podstatné jméno]

a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself

prvočíslo, prvočíslo

prvočíslo, prvočíslo

Ex: Seven is a prime because it's only divisible by 1 and 7. 
vector
vector
[Podstatné jméno]

an ordered set of numbers that describes both magnitude and direction, commonly used to represent quantities like displacement, velocity, or force in physics and engineering

vektor, vektor

vektor, vektor

Ex: In physics, force is often represented as a vector, considering both its magnitude and direction. 
theorem
theorem
[Podstatné jméno]

a statement or proposition that has been proven to be true based on previously established axioms, definitions, and other theorems within a particular mathematical or logical system

věta

věta

Ex: Mathematicians often prove theorems to establish mathematical truths. 
permutation
permutation
[Podstatné jméno]

(mathematics) a rearrangement of a set of elements in a specific order or sequence

permutace, uspořádání

permutace, uspořádání

Ex: The number of permutations of three distinct objects is six. 
eigenvalue
eigenvalue
[Podstatné jméno]

a special number used in linear algebra to describe how vectors change during transformations

vlastní číslo, charakteristické číslo

vlastní číslo, charakteristické číslo

Ex: Eigenvalues help us understand how matrices transform vectors. 
set theory
set theory
[Podstatné jméno]

a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of sets, which are collections of distinct objects, and their properties, relationships, and operations

teorie množin, teorie setů

teorie množin, teorie setů

Ex: Set theory helps define relationships between different groups of numbers. 
polynomial
polynomial
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical expression with variables raised to powers and combined using arithmetic operations

polynom, polynomický výraz

polynom, polynomický výraz

Ex: Polynomials are used to represent curves in algebraic geometry. 
integration
integration
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical operation that calculates the accumulation of quantities, represented as the area under a curve on a graph

integrace

integrace

Ex: Integration helps find the area under curves in math. 
matrix multiplication
matrix multiplication
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical operation that combines two matrices to produce a new matrix, calculated by multiplying rows and columns

násobení matic

násobení matic

Ex: Matrix multiplication is essential for solving systems of linear equations. 
quadratic equation
quadratic equation
[Podstatné jméno]

an equation involving the square of a variable

kvadratická rovnice, rovnice druhého stupně

kvadratická rovnice, rovnice druhého stupně

Ex: Quadratic equations involve squared terms like x^2. 
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