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Seznam Slovíček Úrovně C2 - Mathematics

Zde se naučíte všechna základní slova pro mluvení o matematice, shromážděná speciálně pro studenty úrovně C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
algorithm
[Podstatné jméno]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

algoritmus, algoritmický postup

algoritmus, algoritmický postup

Ex: The Fast Fourier Transform ( FFTalgorithm efficiently computes the discrete Fourier transform of a sequence or its inverse .
variance
[Podstatné jméno]

a measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data points in statistics, representing the average squared deviation from the mean

rozptyl, variabilita

rozptyl, variabilita

Ex: Variance is an important concept in probability theory and is used in various statistical analyses, such as hypothesis testing and regression analysis.
derivative
[Podstatné jméno]

the rate at which a function changes with respect to its independent variable

derivace, odvozená funkce

derivace, odvozená funkce

Ex: The chain rule allows finding the derivative of composite functions, crucial for analyzing complex mathematical expressions.
integral
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical concept representing the total accumulation of a quantity, often represented by the area under a curve on a graph

integrál, integrální počítání

integrál, integrální počítání

Ex: The definite integral of a probability density function gives the probability of an event occurring within a specified range.
limit
[Podstatné jméno]

the value that a function or sequence approaches as its input or index gets close to a particular value

mez, hranice

mez, hranice

Ex: Evaluating limit of a difference quotient leads to the definition of a derivative in calculus .
catastrophe theory
[Podstatné jméno]

a branch of mathematics that studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances

teorie katastrof, katastrofická teorie

teorie katastrof, katastrofická teorie

Ex: Catastrophe theory has also been used to analyze the stability of ecosystems , the dynamics of animal behavior , and the onset of psychiatric disorders , providing insights into the underlying mechanisms driving these phenomena .
differential
[Podstatné jméno]

(mathematics) a really small change in a function or variable

diferenciál, diferenciální prvek

diferenciál, diferenciální prvek

Ex: Differential equations describe relationships involving derivatives.
logarithm
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number

logaritmus, logaritmická funkce

logaritmus, logaritmická funkce

Ex: Astronomers apply logarithms to express stellar magnitudes and measure the brightness of celestial objects.
prime
[Podstatné jméno]

a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself

prvočíslo, prvotní číslo

prvočíslo, prvotní číslo

Ex: The number 7 is prime, as it can only be divided by 1 and 7 .
vector
[Podstatné jméno]

an ordered set of numbers that describes both magnitude and direction, commonly used to represent quantities like displacement, velocity, or force in physics and engineering

vektor, vektorový údaj

vektor, vektorový údaj

Ex: The force exerted by a tensioned rope can be represented as vector in mechanics .
theorem
[Podstatné jméno]

a statement or proposition that has been proven to be true based on previously established axioms, definitions, and other theorems within a particular mathematical or logical system

teorém, věta

teorém, věta

Ex: Students often encounter theorems while studying advanced mathematics .
permutation
[Podstatné jméno]

(mathematics) a rearrangement of a set of elements in a specific order or sequence

permutace, přeskupení

permutace, přeskupení

Ex: Permutations are used to count different ways to arrange objects .
eigenvalue
[Podstatné jméno]

a special number used in linear algebra to describe how vectors change during transformations

vlastní hodnota, eigenová hodnota

vlastní hodnota, eigenová hodnota

Ex: eigenvalues of a symmetric matrix are always real numbers .
set theory
[Podstatné jméno]

a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of sets, which are collections of distinct objects, and their properties, relationships, and operations

teorie množin, množinová teorie

teorie množin, množinová teorie

Ex: Set theory forms the basis for defining functions and relations.
polynomial
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical expression with variables raised to powers and combined using arithmetic operations

polynom, polynomiální výraz

polynom, polynomiální výraz

Ex: Simple expressions like 5x are polynomials.
integration
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical operation that calculates the accumulation of quantities, represented as the area under a curve on a graph

integrace, integrační operace

integrace, integrační operace

Ex: Physicists integration to solve problems in mechanics .
matrix multiplication
[Podstatné jméno]

a mathematical operation that combines two matrices to produce a new matrix, calculated by multiplying rows and columns

násobení matic, matematická operace matic

násobení matic, matematická operace matic

Ex: In financematrix multiplication is used for portfolio optimization and risk analysis .
quadratic equation
[Podstatné jméno]

an equation involving the square of a variable

kvadratická rovnice, rovnice druhého stupně

kvadratická rovnice, rovnice druhého stupně

Ex: Factoring is a common method to quadratic equations when possible .
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