المفردات المتقدمة للاختبار TOEFL - الفيزياء والكيمياء

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

فراغ

(chemistry) to merge or be merged by a chemical bond

يرتبط

the different elements that form something or the arrangement of these elements

تركيب

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

يقطر

to press two things together or be pressed together to become smaller

ضغط

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

مادة مظلمة

(physics) matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those of regular matter

مادة مضادة

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

مسرع

to increase the velocity of something

تسريع

any substance with a pH of more than seven that neutralizes acids creating salt and water

قلوي

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

مذيب

a gas with a strong smell that dissolves in water to give a strongly alkaline solution

الأمونيا

a hard black substance consisting of an amorphous form of carbon which is made by slowly burning wood and is used as fuel or for drawing

فحم

having an electric charge

مشحون

a substance that permits electricity to pass through or along it

موصل

a substance of small size and equal sides, formed naturally when turns to solid

بلورة

a particle with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more electrons

أيون

referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation

كهرومغناطيسي

the process or action of splitting a nucleus into two or more parts resulting in the release of a significant amount of energy

انشطار نووي

(physics) the reaction in which two nuclei join together and produce energy

الاندماج النووي

to become gas or vapor from liquid

يتبخر

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

الألومنيوم

a combination of two or more metals, creating a metal that is usually stronger or more resistant

سبيكة

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

نحاس

(physics) possessing the attribute of attracting metal objects such as iron or steel

مغناطيسي

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

احتكاك

the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals

تآكل

(physics) the property of matter that gives it weight in a gravitational field and is a measure of its inertia

كتلة

(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume

كثافة

the speed at which something moves in a specific direction

سرعة

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

رصاص

a soft, black, and highly conductive material made up of carbon atoms that is commonly used in pencils and as a lubricant

غرافيت

a heavy silver-colored and poisonous metal that has a liquid state in the ordinary temperature

زئبق

a chemical element and a silver-white metal used in making alloys

نيكل

a gas with nearly no electrical charge that exists in the sun and other stars

بلازما

a heavy radioactive metallic element used in producing nuclear energy

يورانيوم

containing or relating to a dangerous form of energy produced by nuclear reactions

مشع

related to heat or temperature, including how heat moves, how materials expand with temperature changes, and the energy stored in heat

حراري

remaining still, with no change in position

ثابت

produced artificially, typically based on its natural version

اصطناعي