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Avancerat Ordförråd för TOEFL - Fysik och kemi

Här får du lära dig några engelska ord om fysik och kemi, som "vacuum", "alkali", "ion" etc. som behövs för TOEFL-provet.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
vacuum

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

vakuum, absolut vakuum

vakuum, absolut vakuum

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to bond

(chemistry) to merge or be merged by a chemical bond

binda, förbindas

binda, förbindas

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composition

the different elements that form something or the arrangement of these elements

komposition, sammanställning

komposition, sammanställning

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to distill

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

destillera, reningsprocess

destillera, reningsprocess

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to compress

to press two things together or be pressed together to become smaller

komprimera, pressa

komprimera, pressa

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dark matter

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

mörk materia, svart materia

mörk materia, svart materia

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antimatter

(physics) matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those of regular matter

antimateria

antimateria

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catalyst

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

katalysator, kemisk katalysator

katalysator, kemisk katalysator

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to accelerate

to increase the velocity of something

accelerera, öka hastigheten

accelerera, öka hastigheten

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alkali

any substance with a pH of more than seven that neutralizes acids creating salt and water

alkali, bas

alkali, bas

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solvent

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

lösningsmedel

lösningsmedel

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ammonia

a gas with a strong smell that dissolves in water to give a strongly alkaline solution

ammoniak

ammoniak

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charcoal

a hard black substance consisting of an amorphous form of carbon which is made by slowly burning wood and is used as fuel or for drawing

träkol, kol

träkol, kol

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charged

having an electric charge

laddad, elektrifierad

laddad, elektrifierad

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conductor

a substance that permits electricity to pass through or along it

ledare, ledande material

ledare, ledande material

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crystal

a substance of small size and equal sides, formed naturally when turns to solid

kristall, kristaller

kristall, kristaller

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ion

a particle with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more electrons

jon

jon

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electromagnetic

referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation

elektromagnetisk

elektromagnetisk

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nuclear fission

the process or action of splitting a nucleus into two or more parts resulting in the release of a significant amount of energy

kärnklyvning, nukleär fission

kärnklyvning, nukleär fission

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nuclear fusion

(physics) the reaction in which two nuclei join together and produce energy

kärnfusion, fusão de kärnor

kärnfusion, fusão de kärnor

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to evaporate

to become gas or vapor from liquid

avdunsta, förångas

avdunsta, förångas

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aluminum

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

aluminium, aluminium (på svenska)

aluminium, aluminium (på svenska)

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alloy

a combination of two or more metals, creating a metal that is usually stronger or more resistant

legering

legering

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copper

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

koppar

koppar

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magnetic

(physics) possessing the attribute of attracting metal objects such as iron or steel

magnetisk

magnetisk

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friction

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

friktion, motstånd

friktion, motstånd

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corrosion

the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals

korrosion, nedbrytning

korrosion, nedbrytning

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mass

(physics) the property of matter that gives it weight in a gravitational field and is a measure of its inertia

massa, fysikalisk massa

massa, fysikalisk massa

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density

(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume

densitet

densitet

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velocity

the speed at which something moves in a specific direction

hastighet, fart

hastighet, fart

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lead

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

bly, tungmetall

bly, tungmetall

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graphite

a soft, black, and highly conductive material made up of carbon atoms that is commonly used in pencils and as a lubricant

grafit, grafit (i blyertspennor)

grafit, grafit (i blyertspennor)

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mercury

a heavy silver-colored and poisonous metal that has a liquid state in the ordinary temperature

kvicksilver

kvicksilver

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nickel

a chemical element and a silver-white metal used in making alloys

nickel

nickel

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plasma

a gas with nearly no electrical charge that exists in the sun and other stars

plasma

plasma

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uranium

a heavy radioactive metallic element used in producing nuclear energy

uran

uran

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radioactive

containing or relating to a dangerous form of energy produced by nuclear reactions

radioaktiv, radioaktiv

radioaktiv, radioaktiv

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thermal

related to heat or temperature, including how heat moves, how materials expand with temperature changes, and the energy stored in heat

termisk, värme-

termisk, värme-

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static

remaining still, with no change in position

statisk, orörlig

statisk, orörlig

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synthetic

produced artificially, typically based on its natural version

syntetisk, konstgjord

syntetisk, konstgjord

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