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TOEFL için Gelişmiş Kelime Bilgisi - Fizik ve Kimya

Burada, TOEFL sınavı için gerekli olan "vakum", "alkali", "iyon" vb. gibi fizik ve kimya ile ilgili bazı İngilizce kelimeleri öğreneceksiniz.

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Öğrenmeye başla
Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
vacuum
vacuum
[isim]

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

boşluk

boşluk

Ex: The vacuum of space between celestial bodies is not completely empty but is characterized by extremely low density and pressure. 

Gök cisimleri arasındaki uzayın vakumu tamamen boş değildir, ancak son derece düşük yoğunluk ve basınç ile karakterize edilir.

to bond
to bond
[fiil]

(chemistry) to merge or be merged by a chemical bond

yapışmak

yapışmak

Ex: When hydrogen and nitrogen bond, they form ammonia molecules. 
composition

the parts or elements that something consists of and the way they are combined

bileşim

bileşim

Ex: The report examines changes in the composition of the local population. 
to distill

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

damıtmak

damıtmak

Ex: The scientists were distilling the mixture to separate its components. 

Bilim insanları, bileşenlerini ayırmak için karışımı damıtıyorlardı.

to compress

to press two things together or be pressed together to become smaller

bastırmak

bastırmak

Ex: He compressed the puzzle pieces together to complete the picture. 

Resmi tamamlamak için puzzle parçalarını birlikte sıkıştırdı.

dark matter

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

karanlık madde

karanlık madde

Ex: Dark matter is thought to play a crucial role in the formation and evolution of galaxies and large-scale structures in the universe. 

Karanlık maddenin, galaksilerin ve evrendeki büyük ölçekli yapıların oluşumunda ve evriminde çok önemli bir rol oynadığı düşünülüyor.

antimatter

(physics) matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those of regular matter

antimadde

antimadde

Ex: Scientists study antimatter to better understand the fundamental laws of physics and the origins of the universe. 

Bilim insanları, fiziğin temel yasalarını ve evrenin kökenlerini daha iyi anlamak için antimaddeyi inceler.

catalyst
catalyst
[isim]

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

katalizör

katalizör

Ex: Enzymes are naturally occurring biological catalysts that allow complex metabolic reactions to proceed efficiently in living cells. 

Enzimler, canlı hücrelerde karmaşık metabolik reaksiyonların verimli bir şekilde ilerlemesini sağlayan doğal olarak oluşan biyolojik katalizörlerdir.

to accelerate

to increase the velocity of something

hızlanmak

hızlanmak

Ex: In a cyclotron, charged particles are accelerated by alternating electric fields. 
alkali
alkali
[isim]

any water-soluble compound that can turn litmus blue and reacts with an acid to form a salt and water

alkali

alkali

Ex: Household ammonia is a mild alkali. 

Ev tipi amonyak hafif bir alkalidir.

solvent
solvent
[isim]

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

çözücü

çözücü

Ex: Ethanol is commonly used as a solvent to dissolve oils and perfume essences for the production of aftershaves and colognes. 

Etanol, aftershave ve kolonya üretimi için yağları ve parfüm esanslarını çözmek amacıyla yaygın olarak bir çözücü olarak kullanılır.

ammonia
ammonia
[isim]

a sharp-smelling gas made of nitrogen and hydrogen

amoniya

amoniya

Ex: Ammonia gas is lighter than air and disperses quickly. 

Amonyak gazı havadan daha hafiftir ve hızla dağılır.

charcoal
charcoal
[isim]

a hard black substance consisting of an amorphous form of carbon which is made by slowly burning wood and is used as fuel or for drawing

odun kömürü

odun kömürü

charged
charged
[sıfat]

having an electric charge

yüklü

yüklü

Ex: The static electricity in the room caused the balloons to become charged and stick to the wall. 

Odadaki statik elektrik, balonların yüklenmesine ve duvara yapışmasına neden oldu.

conductor
conductor
[isim]

a substance that permits electricity to pass through or along it

iletken, geçirgen

iletken, geçirgen

Ex: The metal conductor in the power cord allows electricity to flow from the outlet to the appliance, powering it up. 

Güç kablosundaki metal iletken, elektriğin prizden cihaza akmasını sağlayarak onu çalıştırır.

crystal
crystal
[isim]

a solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a regular repeating structure

billur

billur

Ex: The crystal has a highly ordered internal structure. 
ion
ion
[isim]

a particle with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more electrons

iyon

iyon

Ex: The scientist studied how ions behave in plasma. 
electromagnetic

referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation

elektromanyetik

elektromanyetik

Ex: Electromagnetic spectrum describes the range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. 

Elektromanyetik spektrum, elektromanyetik radyasyonun frekans aralığını tanımlar.

nuclear fission

the process or action of splitting a nucleus into two or more parts resulting in the release of a significant amount of energy

nükleer fisyon

nükleer fisyon

Ex: The chain reaction in a nuclear fission reactor is carefully controlled to ensure that the energy released is harnessed for electricity generation without causing a runaway reaction. 

Bir nükleer fisyon reaktöründeki zincirleme reaksiyon, serbest bırakılan enerjinin kontrolsüz bir reaksiyona neden olmadan elektrik üretimi için kullanılmasını sağlamak amacıyla dikkatlice kontrol edilir.

nuclear fusion

(physics) the reaction in which two nuclei join together and produce energy

nükleer füzyon

nükleer füzyon

Ex: The challenge of achieving sustainable nuclear fusion on Earth lies in confining the high-temperature plasma required for fusion and sustaining the reaction in a controlled manner. 

Dünya'da sürdürülebilir nükleer füzyon elde etme zorluğu, füzyon için gereken yüksek sıcaklıktaki plazmayı hapsetmek ve reaksiyonu kontrollü bir şekilde sürdürmekte yatar.

to evaporate

to become gas or vapor from liquid

buharlaşmak

buharlaşmak

Ex: After the rain stopped, the moisture quickly evaporated from the pavement. 

Yağmur durduktan sonra, nem kaldırımdan hızla buharlaştı.

aluminum
aluminum
[isim]

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

alüminyum

alüminyum

Ex: Aluminum foil is commonly used to wrap food because it provides a barrier against moisture, light, and air. 
alloy
alloy
[isim]

a combination of two or more metals, creating a metal that is usually stronger or more resistant

alaşım

alaşım

Ex: Bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, has been used for centuries in sculpture, weaponry, and coinage. 

Bronz, bakır ve kalayın bir alaşımı, yüzyıllardır heykel, silah ve para basımında kullanılmaktadır.

copper
copper
[isim]

a reddish-brown metallic chemical element that conducts heat and electricity well and is widely used in electrical wiring and alloys

bakır

bakır

Ex: Copper conducts both heat and electricity efficiently. 
magnetic
magnetic
[sıfat]

having the properties of a magnet and able to attract certain metals

manyetik

manyetik

Ex: This metal becomes strongly magnetic at low temperatures. 
friction
friction
[isim]

the resistance or opposing force encountered when one object moves in contact with another

sürtünme

sürtünme

Ex: There is more friction on rough surfaces than on smooth ones. 

Pürüzlü yüzeylerde düz yüzeylerden daha fazla sürtünme vardır.

corrosion
corrosion
[isim]

the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals

aşınma

aşınma

Ex: Corrosion is a natural process that can be slowed but not completely stopped. 

Korozyon, yavaşlatılabilir ancak tamamen durdurulamayan doğal bir süreçtir.

mass
mass
[isim]

(physics) the property of matter that gives it weight in a gravitational field and is a measure of its inertia

kütle

kütle

Ex: According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. 
density
density
[isim]

(physics) the mass of a substance or object per unit of volume

yoğunluk, özkütle

yoğunluk, özkütle

Ex: Daniel measured the object's mass and volume to determine its density. 
velocity
velocity
[isim]

the speed at which something moves in a specific direction

hız, sürat

hız, sürat

Ex: The velocity of the rocket increased as it accelerated into space. 
lead
lead
[isim]

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

kurşun

kurşun

Ex: The plumber replaced the corroded lead pipes with modern alternatives to ensure the safety of the drinking water supply. 
graphite
graphite
[isim]

(chemistry) a soft, gray-black form of carbon used as a lubricant and as a moderator in nuclear reactors

grafit

grafit

Ex: Graphite conducts electricity, unlike diamond, another form of carbon. 
mercury
mercury
[isim]

a dense, silvery, toxic metal that is liquid at room temperature and can form different chemical compounds

cıva

cıva

Ex: Mercury can amalgamate with other metals. 
nickel
nickel
[isim]

a hard, silvery, malleable, and corrosion-resistant metallic element used in alloys and plating

nikel

nikel

Ex: Nickel plating enhances the appearance and longevity of metals. 

Nikel kaplama, metallerin görünümünü ve dayanıklılığını artırır.

plasma
plasma
[isim]

a gas with nearly no electrical charge that exists in the sun and other stars

plazma (fizik)

plazma (fizik)

uranium
uranium
[isim]

(chemistry) a heavy, silvery-white, radioactive metal used as fuel in nuclear reactors and in nuclear weapons

uranyum

uranyum

Ex: Nuclear submarines are powered by reactors that run on enriched uranium. 
radioactive
radioactive
[sıfat]

containing or relating to a dangerous form of energy produced by nuclear reactions

radyoaktif

radyoaktif

Ex: Radioactive waste must be carefully stored and disposed of to prevent environmental contamination. 

Radyoaktif atıklar, çevre kirliliğini önlemek için dikkatlice depolanmalı ve bertaraf edilmelidir.

thermal
thermal
[sıfat]

(physics) relating to or produced by heat

termal

termal

Ex: Thermal vents on the ocean floor support unique deep-sea ecosystems. 
static
static
[sıfat]

remaining in a fixed position without moving

hareketsiz

hareketsiz

Ex: The image appeared static while the background moved. 
synthetic
synthetic
[sıfat]

produced artificially, typically based on its natural version

sentetik

sentetik

Ex: She chose synthetic turf for her backyard instead of natural grass for its low maintenance and durability. 

Düşük bakım ve dayanıklılığı nedeniyle arka bahçesi için doğal çim yerine sentetik çim seçti.

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