TOEFL을 위한 고급 어휘 - 물리학 및 화학

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

진공, 절대 진공

(chemistry) to merge or be merged by a chemical bond

결합하다, 결속하다

the different elements that form something or the arrangement of these elements

구성, 합성

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

증류하다, 정제하다

to press two things together or be pressed together to become smaller

압축하다, 누르다

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

암흑 물질, 다크 매터

(physics) matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those of regular matter

반물질

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

촉매, 화학적 촉매

to increase the velocity of something

가속하다, 촉진하다

any substance with a pH of more than seven that neutralizes acids creating salt and water

알카리, 염기

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

용매

a gas with a strong smell that dissolves in water to give a strongly alkaline solution

암모니아

a hard black substance consisting of an amorphous form of carbon which is made by slowly burning wood and is used as fuel or for drawing

숯, 목탄

having an electric charge

전하를 가진, 전기 충전된

a substance that permits electricity to pass through or along it

전도체, 전기 전도성 물질

a substance of small size and equal sides, formed naturally when turns to solid

크리스탈, 결정

a particle with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more electrons

이온

referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation

전자기

the process or action of splitting a nucleus into two or more parts resulting in the release of a significant amount of energy

핵 분열, 핵의 분열

(physics) the reaction in which two nuclei join together and produce energy

핵융합, 핵융합 반응

to become gas or vapor from liquid

증발하다, 증발시키다

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

알루미늄, 알루미늄 (한국어)

a combination of two or more metals, creating a metal that is usually stronger or more resistant

합금

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

구리

(physics) possessing the attribute of attracting metal objects such as iron or steel

자기성의

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

마찰, 마찰력

the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals

부식, 녹

(physics) the property of matter that gives it weight in a gravitational field and is a measure of its inertia

질량, 물리적 질량

(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume

밀도

the speed at which something moves in a specific direction

속도, 벨로시티

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

납, 무거운 금속

a soft, black, and highly conductive material made up of carbon atoms that is commonly used in pencils and as a lubricant

흑연, 연필의 흑연

a heavy silver-colored and poisonous metal that has a liquid state in the ordinary temperature

수은

a chemical element and a silver-white metal used in making alloys

니켈

a gas with nearly no electrical charge that exists in the sun and other stars

플라스마

a heavy radioactive metallic element used in producing nuclear energy

우라늄

containing or relating to a dangerous form of energy produced by nuclear reactions

방사능의, 방사능의

related to heat or temperature, including how heat moves, how materials expand with temperature changes, and the energy stored in heat

열의, 열적

remaining still, with no change in position

정적인, 고정된

produced artificially, typically based on its natural version

합성의, 인공의